Python+selenium 【第十二章】封装日志类优化其他方法并添加日志(异常处理)

题记:

　　日志模块能够帮助我们快速定位到代码的错误地方,所有很有必要添加日志

• demo_log_24.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/5 14:14
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : demo_log_24

# log日志demo

import os
import logging
import time

current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
logs_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'logs')

# logger输入的地址
login_name = os.path.join(logs_path, 'Test_%s.log' % time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d"))

# 创建logger对象
logger = logging.getLogger("logger")
# logger的等级 info
logger.setLevel(20)

fh = logging.FileHandler(login_name, 'a', encoding="utf-8")  # 输出日志到文件
fh.setLevel(20)
ch = logging.StreamHandler()  # 输出日志到控制台
ch.setLevel(20)

logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(ch)
fh.close()  # 关闭以免重复打印
ch.close()

logger.info("测试一下")

• 封装日志模块 
• common模块新增log_utils.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/5 14:13
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : log_utils


import os
import time
import logging
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
log_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..','logs')


class LogUtils:

    def __init__(self, logger=None):
        self.log_name = os.path.join(log_path, 'Test_%s.log' % time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d'))
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)  # 日志对象
        self.logger.setLevel(local_config.log_level)  # 日志级别

        self.fh = logging.FileHandler(self.log_name, 'a', encoding='utf-8')  # 输出到文件
        self.fh.setLevel(local_config.log_level)
        self.ch = logging.StreamHandler()  # 输出到控制台
        self.ch.setLevel(local_config.log_level)

        formatter = logging.Formatter(
            '[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s->%(funcName)s line:%(lineno)d [%(levelname)s] : %(message)s')
        self.fh.setFormatter(formatter)
        self.ch.setFormatter(formatter)
        self.logger.addHandler(self.fh)
        self.logger.addHandler(self.ch)
        self.fh.close()
        self.ch.close()

    def get_log(self):
        return self.logger


logger = LogUtils().get_log()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    logger.info('测试一下日志文件')

• 优化其他类,加入日志模块及异常处理

• base_page.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/5 13:50
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : base_page


from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from common.log_utils import logger


class BasePage:

    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    def open_url(self, url):
        self.driver.get(url)
        logger.info("当前正在打开网址: [%s]" % url)

    def find_element(self, element_info):
        """
        通过分离处理的元素识别字典信息，返回一个元素
        :param element_info: 元素信息，字典类型{}
        :return: element对象
        """
        try:
            locator_type = element_info["locator_type"]
            locator_value = element_info["locator_value"]
            locator_timeout = element_info["timeout"]

            if locator_type == "name":
                locator_type = By.NAME
            elif locator_type == "css":
                locator_type = By.CSS_SELECTOR
            elif locator_type == "xpath":
                locator_type = By.XPATH
            elif locator_type == "id":
                locator_type = By.ID
            elif locator_type == "class":
                locator_type = By.CLASS_NAME
            elif locator_type == "linktext":
                locator_type = By.LINK_TEXT
            elif locator_type == "partiallink":
                locator_type = By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT
            elif locator_type == "tag":
                locator_type = By.TAG_NAME
            # 采用匿名函数 将元素存在x变量当中,然后去查找页面是否存在当前元素
            element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, locator_timeout).until(
                lambda x: x.find_element(locator_type, locator_value))
            logger.info("当前进行元素识别操作,元素名称为: [%s] " % (element_info["element_name"]))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("[%s]元素不能识别,原因是: %s" % (element_info['element_name'], e.__str__()))
            raise

        return element

    def click(self, element_info):
        # 优化
        try:
            element = self.find_element(element_info)
            logger.info("当前进行点击操作,点击元素名称为: [%s] " % (element_info["element_name"]))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("当前元素不能点击,原因是: [%s]" % e.__str__())
            raise
        element.click()

    def send_keys(self, element_info, inputs):
        # 优化
        try:
            element = self.find_element(element_info)
            logger.info("输入框输入内容：%s ,识别输入元素：[%s]" % (inputs, element_info["locator_value"]))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("[%s]元素不能识别,原因是: %s" % (element_info['element_name'], e.__str__()))
            raise
        element.send_keys(inputs)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    db = BasePage(driver)
    db.open_url("http://www.baidu.com")
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)

    # 优化代码 读取excel中的数据
    element_info = {
        'input_text': {'element_name': '输入框', 'locator_type': 'xpath', 'locator_value': '//*[@id="kw"]',
                       'timeout': 5.0},
        'click_button': {'element_name': '点击按钮', 'locator_type': 'xpath', 'locator_value': '//*[@id="su"]',
                         'timeout': 5.0}}

    input_t = element_info['input_text']
    click_b = element_info['click_button']

    db.send_keys(input_t, "测试一下")
    db.click(click_b)

• browser_utils.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
import warnings
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from common.config_utils import local_config
from common.log_utils import logger

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        # 去除控制台警告
        warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DeprecationWarning)
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            logger.info("当前正在打开：%s" % self.driver_name)
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            logger.info("当前正在打开：%s" % self.driver_name)
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            logger.info("当前正在打开：%s" % self.driver_name)
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        # 加入系统环境判断
        chrome_options = Options()
        chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')  # 谷歌文档提到需要加上这个属性来规避bug
        chrome_options.add_argument('lang=zh_CN.UTF-8')  # 设置默认编码为utf-8
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            """如果是mac系统执行这个驱动"""
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            logger.info('初始化Google浏览器并启动')
            return driver
        else:
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            logger.info('初始化Google浏览器并启动')
            return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            logger.info('初始化Firefox浏览器并启动')
            return driver
        else:
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            logger.info('初始化Firefox浏览器并启动')
            return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        """
        驱动下载地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-cn/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
        :return:
        """
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        logger.info('初始化Edge浏览器并启动')
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

总结:

　　本章节主要讲的是日志模块如何封装及使用,部分代码内容进行异常处理,下一章节我们将进行实战操作,针对iweb商城进行实操,从登陆到下单的操作