3Sum
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note:
Elements in a triplet (a,b,c) must be in non-descending order. (ie, a ≤ b ≤ c)
The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = {-1 0 1 2 -1 -4},
A solution set is:
(-1, 0, 1)
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note:
Elements in a triplet (a,b,c) must be in non-descending order. (ie, a ≤ b ≤ c)
The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = {-1 0 1 2 -1 -4},
A solution set is:
(-1, 0, 1)
(-1, -1, 2)
思路:此题解法上不算难,可是通过率并不高。仅仅有16.9%。显然在其它地方存在限制。果然第一次提交測试的时候。果断TLE(超时)。代码效率上须要更快的速度。
第一次代码本地測试一组8ms左右。不能过。后面上网參看资料,写出改进的方法,同样的数据,本地測试2ms左右,效率约提高了4倍。
第一种方法代码:
public class Solution { public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) { if(nums.length < 2){ return null; } //System.out.println(nums); Arrays.sort(nums); List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>(); for(int i = 0; i < nums.length - 2; i++){ if(nums[i] > 0) break; if(i > 1 && nums[i] == nums[i-1]){ continue; } for(int j = nums.length - 1; j > i + 1; j--){ if(nums[j] < 0) break; if(j < nums.length -1 && nums[j] == nums[j+1]){ continue; } //System.out.println(nums[i]); int c = -(nums[i] + nums[j]); int k = search(c,nums,i+1,j-1); if(k > 0){ List<Integer> al = new ArrayList<Integer>(); al.add(nums[i]); al.add(nums[k]); al.add(nums[j]); list.add(al); } } } return list; } //二分查找数值c的位置,找到返回位置。找不到返回-1 public static int search(int c,int[] nums,int start,int end){ if(c < nums[start] || c > nums[end]) return -1; int k = 0; while(start <= end){ k = (start + end)/2; System.out.println(k); if(c > nums[k]){ start = k + 1; }else if(c < nums[k]){ end = k - 1; } else{ return k; } } return -1; } }另外一种方法代码:
public class Solution { public List<List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) { List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>(); if(nums.length < 2){ return list; } Arrays.sort(nums);//数组排序 int j,k,m; int len = nums.length; for(int i = 0; i < len - 2; i++){ //假设最小值依旧大于0或者最大值小于0,肯定没有符合要求的值。直接返回 if(nums[i] > 0 || nums[len-1] < 0) break; //假设如今的数字和之前的数字反复,直接跳出,继续下一下 if(i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i-1]){ continue; } //初始值 j = i + 1; k = len - 1; while(j < k){ m = nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k];//三者之和 if(m == 0){//=0。满足条件 List<Integer> al = new ArrayList<Integer>(); al.add(nums[i]); al.add(nums[j]); al.add(nums[k]); list.add(al); j++; k--; //假设相邻数字相等。则直接跳过,此处重要 while(j < k && nums[j] == nums[j-1]){ j++; } while(j < k && nums[k] == nums[k+1]){ k--; } }else{ if(m > 0)//这里也是非常重要的点,分情况位置标记变动 k--; else j++; } } } return list; } }