Spring（三）：Spring整合Hibernate

• 背景：

　　本文主要介绍使用spring-framework-4.3.8.RELEASE与hibernate-release-5.2.9.Final项目整合搭建的过程。

　　开发环境简介：

　　　　1）、jdk 1.8

　　　　2）、spring-framework-4.3.8.RELEASE、hibernate-release-5.2.9.Final

• 引入Spring到新建项目My-SSH中

1）导入Spring的required包到My-SSH项目

　　新建java的dynamic web 项目，之后把spring-framework-4.3.8.RELEASElibs下的发布包（*-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar，只拷贝这一种即可）拷贝到WebContentWEB-INFlib下。

　　除了spring的开发包外，在运行spring时，必须依赖commons-logging包，因此从http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-logging/download_logging.cgi下载最新的commons-logging包，解压后把包commons-logging-1.2-bincommons-logging-1.2commons-logging-1.2.jar拷贝到WebContentWEB-INFlib下。

2）配置WebContentWEB-INFweb.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID"
    version="3.0">
    <display-name>My-SSH</display-name>
    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    
      <!-- 配置启动IOC容器的Listener -->
    <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

3）在My-SSH项目根路径下创建conf（Source Folder）文件夹，并添加spring配置文件applicationContext.xml 

注意：

在新建该文件时，需要设定namespace包括：aop,beans,context,tx。

• 整合Hibernate到My-SSH项目，并与Spring整合

1）导入Hibernate的required包到My-SSH项目

把Hibernate开发包解压路径hibernate-release-5.2.9.Finallib equired下的所有包拷贝到WebContentWEB-INFlib下;

把mysql-connector-java-5.1.2-beta-bin.jar开发包拷贝到WebContentWEB-INFlib下;

引入C3P0开发包，把hibernate-release-5.2.9.Finalliboptionalc3p0下的所有包拷贝到WebContentWEB-INFlib下。

2）在My-SSH项目根目录下的conf文件中，新建hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!--
        把一下配置信息转移到jdbc.properties中。
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/my_ssh</property>
        -->

        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

3）在My-SSH项目根目录下的conf文件中，新建jdbc.properties文件

#-----------------------------------------------------
# u6570u636Eu5E93u914Du7F6E
#-----------------------------------------------------
#u670Du52A1u5668u5730u5740
host=127.0.0.1
dbName=my_ssh
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/${dbName}
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

#-----------------------------------------------------
# u9002u7528u4E8Ec3p0u7684u914Du7F6E
#-----------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------
# c3p0u53CDu7A7Au95F2u8BBEu7F6EuFF0Cu9632u6B628u5C0Fu65F6u5931u6548u95EEu989828800
#-----------------------------------------------------
#idleConnectionTestPeriodu8981u5C0Fu4E8EMySQLu7684wait_timeout
jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout=false
jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin=true
jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod=3600
#-----------------------------------------------------
# c3p0u8FDEu63A5u6C60u914Du7F6E
#-----------------------------------------------------
#initialPoolSize, minPoolSize, maxPoolSize define the number of Connections that will be pooled.
#Please ensure that minPoolSize <= maxPoolSize.
#Unreasonable values of initialPoolSize will be ignored, and minPoolSize will be used instead.
jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize=10
jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize=10
jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize=100
#maxIdleTime defines how many seconds a Connection should be permitted to go unused before being culled from the pool.
jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime=3600
#-----------------------------------------------------
# hibernateu8FDEu63A5u6C60u914Du7F6E
#-----------------------------------------------------
hibernate.connection.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/${dbName}
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update

4）通过配置My-SSH项目根目录下的conf下的applicationContext.xml文件，将hibernate集成到spring中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" file-encoding="utf-8" ignore-unresolvable="true" />

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout}"></property>
        <property name="testConnectionOnCheckin" value="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin}"></property>
        <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime}"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据源dataSource -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

        <!-- hibernate的配置方案一  -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
        <!-- hibernate的配置方案二  -->
        <!-- 
        <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> 
                <prop key="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</prop> 
            </props> 
        </property>
         -->

        <!-- 持久化类的位置方案一，通过包进行扫描 -->
        <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/dx/ssh/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property>
        <!-- spring的spring.jar的jar包内，在org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation下， 
            有一个AnnotationSessionFactoryBean类，其中有一个属性叫做"packagesToScan"， 有个方法叫setpackagesToScan()，
        也就是说我可以再spring里面将这个属性给设定上。 
            packagesToScan是"包扫描"的意思，哪些包spring可以给我们扫描一下，看看有哪些实体类，
        这一项在我们在配置文件中配置hibernate的实体类的时候可以这么配，只要给出具体的扫描范围就可以了， 
        不需要将实体类一个一个的写出来 
        -->
        <!-- 持久化类的位置方案二，通过包进行扫描 -->
        <!-- 
        <property name="packagesToScan"> 
            <list> 
                <value>com.dx.ssh.entities</value> 
            </list> 
        </property> 
        -->
        <!-- 持久化类的位置方案三，通过类进行扫描 -->
        <!-- 
        <property name="annotatedClasses"> 
            <list> 
                <value>com.dx.ssh.entities.Member</value> 
                <value>com.dx.ssh.entities.Log</value> 
            </list> 
        </property> 
        -->
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
    <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

    <!-- 基于数据源的事务管理器 -->
    <!-- 
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean> 
     -->        
    
    <!-- 第一种方式: 注解方式配置事物 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

• 测试是否集成成功

在My-SSH项目的src下新建包com.dx.ssh.entities，在包内添加Member及Member.hbm.xml

Member.java

package com.dx.ssh.entities;

public class Member {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

Member.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-5-5 23:51:42 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.dx.ssh.entities.Member" table="MEMBER">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

运行项目，如果项目启动没有错误，并且在mysql新建的数据my_ssh库中包含表MEMBE，就说明集成成功。