spring 的异步处理

1.先解析几个类的用法

1.1  java.lang.annotation.Annotation

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface MyAnnotation {
    String color() default "red";
}

javac编译之后，interface MyAnnotation extends java.lang.annotation.Annotation 这段表示我自定义的MyAnnotation注解最终是被编译成一个继承java.lang.annotation.Annotation的接口

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(AsyncConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAsync {

    /**
     * 表示可以在这里指定注解类，开启异步操作和@Async同样效果*/
    Class<? extends Annotation> annotation() default Annotation.class;

具体原理可以查看：

ProxyAsyncConfiguration

    public AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor asyncAdvisor() {
        Assert.notNull(this.enableAsync, "@EnableAsync annotation metadata was not injected");
        AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor bpp = new AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
        bpp.configure(this.executor, this.exceptionHandler);
        Class<? extends Annotation> customAsyncAnnotation = this.enableAsync.getClass("annotation");
        if (customAsyncAnnotation != AnnotationUtils.getDefaultValue(EnableAsync.class, "annotation")) {
            bpp.setAsyncAnnotationType(customAsyncAnnotation);
        }
        bpp.setProxyTargetClass(this.enableAsync.getBoolean("proxyTargetClass"));
        bpp.setOrder(this.enableAsync.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
        return bpp;
    }

AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor

    @Override
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
        super.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);

        AsyncAnnotationAdvisor advisor = new AsyncAnnotationAdvisor(this.executor, this.exceptionHandler);
        if (this.asyncAnnotationType != null) {
            advisor.setAsyncAnnotationType(this.asyncAnnotationType);
        }
        advisor.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
        this.advisor = advisor;
    }

AsyncAnnotationAdvisor

public void setAsyncAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> asyncAnnotationType) {
        Assert.notNull(asyncAnnotationType, "'asyncAnnotationType' must not be null");
        Set<Class<? extends Annotation>> asyncAnnotationTypes = new HashSet<>();
        asyncAnnotationTypes.add(asyncAnnotationType);
        this.pointcut = buildPointcut(asyncAnnotationTypes);
    }

    protected Pointcut buildPointcut(Set<Class<? extends Annotation>> asyncAnnotationTypes) {
        ComposablePointcut result = null;
        for (Class<? extends Annotation> asyncAnnotationType : asyncAnnotationTypes) {
            Pointcut cpc = new AnnotationMatchingPointcut(asyncAnnotationType, true);
            Pointcut mpc = new AnnotationMatchingPointcut(null, asyncAnnotationType, true);
            if (result == null) {
                result = new ComposablePointcut(cpc);
            }
            else {
                result.union(cpc);
            }
            result = result.union(mpc);
        }
        return (result != null ? result : Pointcut.TRUE);
    }

 1.2.@Role

@see BeanDefinition#ROLE_APPLICATION  通常为用户自定义的bean
* @see BeanDefinition#ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE   处理bean注册时，内部工作的 例如：生成代理类的配置

@Configuration
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
public class ProxyAsyncConfiguration extends AbstractAsyncConfiguration {

    @Bean(name = TaskManagementConfigUtils.ASYNC_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)
    @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
    public AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor asyncAdvisor() {

* @see BeanDefinition#ROLE_SUPPORT   支持大配置中的一部分

未找到使用场景

2.配置方法

2.1  @EnableAsync （ProxyAsyncConfiguration）

2.2TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration

3.主要处理类

3.1 AnnotationAsyncExecutionInterceptor

    protected Object doSubmit(Callable<Object> task, AsyncTaskExecutor executor, Class<?> returnType) {
        if (CompletableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(returnType)) {
            return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
                try {
                    return task.call();
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                    throw new CompletionException(ex);
                }
            }, executor);
        }
        else if (ListenableFuture.class.isAssignableFrom(returnType)) {
            return ((AsyncListenableTaskExecutor) executor).submitListenable(task);
        }
        else if (Future.class.isAssignableFrom(returnType)) {
            return executor.submit(task);
        }
        else {
            executor.submit(task);
            return null;
        }
    }

3.2 获取executor的过程

public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
        Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
        Method specificMethod = ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass);
        final Method userDeclaredMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(specificMethod);

        AsyncTaskExecutor executor = determineAsyncExecutor(userDeclaredMethod);
        if (executor == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "No executor specified and no default executor set on AsyncExecutionInterceptor either");
        }

        Callable<Object> task = () -> {
            try {
                Object result = invocation.proceed();
                if (result instanceof Future) {
                    return ((Future<?>) result).get();
                }
            }
            catch (ExecutionException ex) {
                handleError(ex.getCause(), userDeclaredMethod, invocation.getArguments());
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                handleError(ex, userDeclaredMethod, invocation.getArguments());
            }
            return null;
        };

        return doSubmit(task, executor, invocation.getMethod().getReturnType());

    @Nullable
    protected AsyncTaskExecutor determineAsyncExecutor(Method method) {
        AsyncTaskExecutor executor = this.executors.get(method);
        if (executor == null) {
            Executor targetExecutor;
            String qualifier = getExecutorQualifier(method);
            if (StringUtils.hasLength(qualifier)) {
                targetExecutor = findQualifiedExecutor(this.beanFactory, qualifier);
            }
            else {
                targetExecutor = this.defaultExecutor.get();
            }
            if (targetExecutor == null) {
                return null;
            }
            executor = (targetExecutor instanceof AsyncListenableTaskExecutor ?
                    (AsyncListenableTaskExecutor) targetExecutor : new TaskExecutorAdapter(targetExecutor));
            this.executors.put(method, executor);
        }
        return executor;
    }

protected Executor getDefaultExecutor(@Nullable BeanFactory beanFactory) {
        Executor defaultExecutor = super.getDefaultExecutor(beanFactory);
        return (defaultExecutor != null ? defaultExecutor : new SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor());
    }
//super.getDefaultExecutor(beanFactory);

return beanFactory.getBean(TaskExecutor.class);

常用的Executor的几个种类，和转换

public class ThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends ExecutorConfigurationSupport
        implements AsyncListenableTaskExecutor, SchedulingTaskExecutor {
        
        
public class SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor extends CustomizableThreadCreator
        implements AsyncListenableTaskExecutor, Serializable {
    
Executor targetExecutor;        
new TaskExecutorAdapter(targetExecutor)

 注意 TaskDecorator  应用场景1.thread中 traceId往子线程中传递可以在在这个任务修饰器中完成

class MdcTaskDecorator implements TaskDecorator {
        @Override
        public Runnable decorate(Runnable runnable) {
            Map<String, String> contextMap = MDC.getCopyOfContextMap();

            Runnable runnable1 = new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    if (contextMap != null) {
                        MDC.setContextMap(contextMap);
                    }
                    runnable.run();
                }
            };
            return runnable1;
        }
    }

@Slf4j
@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AsyncConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {

    @Bean
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(10);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix("async-pool-");
        executor.setTaskDecorator(new MdcTaskDecorator());
        executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }

 

    @Override
    public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() {
        return (throwable, method, params) -> {
            log.error("异步任务异常：方法：{} 参数：{}", method.getName(), JSON.toJSONString(params));
            log.error(throwable.getMessage(), throwable);
        };
    }
}