CentOS7 上安装 mysql-5.7.26

1、下载官方安装包

  mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

官方链接 https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、在/usr/local目录下创建mysql文件夹

  mkdir mysql

3、上传mysql安装包，这里可以采用FTP进行上传。上传位置为/usr/local/mysql

4、解压安装包

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

5、卸载自带的maraidb-lib-版本号

rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-版本号
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-版本号

rpm -qa|grep mariadb

若卸载不了可使用 yum remove 包名 -y 命令

6、安装mysql-community-common-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

7、安装mysql-community-libs-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

8、安装mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

9、安装libaio

yum install libaio

执行后按照提示输入 y
10、安装mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

11、修改数据库目录

vim /etc/my.cnf

11、初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

12、修改临时密码

Mysql5.7默认安装之后root是有密码的。

获取MySQL的临时密码

为了加强安全性，MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码，在error log中，关于error log的位置，如果安装的是RPM包，则默认是/var/log/mysqld.log。
只有启动过一次mysql才可以查看临时密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

13、帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 “mysql” 数据库里的 “user” 表里的 “host” 项，从”localhost”改称”%”,修改root密码

mysql -u root -pvmware
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user  set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where  user='root';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>select host, user from user

跳过密码

vim /etc/my.cnf mysqld下面添加一行代码：skip-grant-tables

修改数据存放路径

MySQL安装后默认安装在/var/lib/mysql目录下
配置文件为/etc/my.cnf
根据场景，需要将/var/lib/mysql移动到/home/data/mysql

停止mysql服务

 systemctl stop mysqld

2、创建新目录

mkdir /home/data/mysql

3、移动数据

mv /var/lib/mysql/* /home/data/mysql/

4、修改新路径owner

chown mysql:mysql -R /home/data/mysql/

5、修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
...
datadir=/home/data/mysql
socket=/home/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[client]
...
# 不增加这一行，服务可以启动，本地可以连接，但navicat连接不了
socket=/home/data/mysql/mysql.sock

6、启动数据库

[root@master data]# systemctl start mysqld

常用命令

1.启动命令

[root@xufeng Desktop]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  mysqld.service

2.关闭命令

[root@xufeng ~]# service mysqld stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop  mysqld.service

3.重启命令

[root@xufeng ~]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  mysqld.service

4.查看服务状态

[root@xufeng ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status  mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2018-07-18 22:34:06 EDT; 1min 11s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 4366 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 4345 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 4370 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─4370 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Jul 18 22:34:04 xufeng.goertek.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jul 18 22:34:06 xufeng.goertek.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

5.查看MySql系统配置

[root@xufeng ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
 
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid