布局管理之 QFormLayout （表单布局）

什么是表单：

QFormLayout 描述：

主要就是用来管理输入控件及其关联标签的形式！

它以两列的形式列出，左列由标签组成，右列由“字段” 小部件（行编辑器，旋转框等）组成。

QFormLayout 功能作用：

 

构造函数：

from PyQt5.Qt import * #刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys

class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400,400)
        self.set_ui()


    def set_ui(self):
        name_label= QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label= QLabel("年龄：")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()

        formLayout = QFormLayout()



        self.setLayout(formLayout)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app =QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

行操作：

添加行：

前两个方法：

from PyQt5.Qt import * #刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys

class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400,400)
        self.set_ui()


    def set_ui(self):
        name_label= QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label= QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)



        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        #添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label,name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label,age_spinBox)
        #添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label,h_layout)

        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)



        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app =QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

第三个和第四个：

from PyQt5.Qt import * #刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys

class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400,400)
        self.set_ui()


    def set_ui(self):
        # name_label= QLabel("姓名：")
        # age_label= QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)



        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        #添加行
        formLayout.addRow("姓名(&n)",name_lineEdit)  #这里会自动的添加快捷方式
        formLayout.addRow("年龄(&a)",age_spinBox)
        #添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label,h_layout)

        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)



        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app =QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

插入行：

和上面差不多，就是多了个索引而已！ 

获取行的信息：

如何确定一个控件呢？它要指定哪一行，哪个列，这就要借助角色来帮助了。

三个角色：

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        # 行的信息
        print(formLayout.rowCount())
        print(formLayout.getWidgetPosition(age_label))
        #第一列是 标签角色 0  QFormLayout.LabelRole
        #第二列是 输入框角色 1 QFormLayout.FieldRole
        #跨越标签和输入框的角色 2 QFormLayout.SpanningRole

        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

修改行：

它就是先确定一个行，一个列（角色）  ，然后操作它就行了

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
            # formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
            # formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
            # # 添加子布局
            # formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
            # formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)
        #修改行
        #setWidget
        #setLayout
        formLayout.setWidget(0,QFormLayout.LabelRole,name_label)
        formLayout.setWidget(0,QFormLayout.FieldRole,name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.setWidget(1,QFormLayout.LabelRole,sex_label)
        formLayout.setLayout(1,QFormLayout.FieldRole,h_layout)
        #注：如果单元格位置被占用，则设置不成功 



        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

移除行（删除子控件）：

移除行（不删除子控件）：

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #移除行  删除控件
        # formLayout.removeRow(1)
        #移除行  不删除控件
        ret = formLayout.takeRow(1)  #它的返回值是  QFormLayout.TakeRowResult 对象
            #如何了解它的返回值呢？ 没有文档时，可以通过打印dir()
            # print(dir(QFormLayout.TakeRowResult))  #'fieldItem', 'labelItem'  重要的属性
            # print(ret.labelItem)  #QWidgetItem
            # print(ret.fieldItem)  #QWidgetItem
            # QWidgetItem
            # print(ret.labelItem.widget())
            # print(ret.fieldItem.widget())


        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #移除行  删除控件
        # formLayout.removeRow(age_label)  #此时移除的也是一整行
        #移除一个控件
            # formLayout.removeWidget(age_label)

        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

标签操作

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow("姓名", name_lineEdit)  #问题是：如何修改  姓名
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #标签操作
        #此时，可以根据后面的field 找到 label
        mylabel = formLayout.labelForField(name_lineEdit)
        mylabel.setText("姓名（Name）")


        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

行的包装策略

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #行的包装策略
        #默认是左右 摆放，缩放时也不换行
        # formLayout.setRowWrapPolicy(QFormLayout.WrapLongRows)
        # formLayout.setRowWrapPolicy(QFormLayout.WrapAllRows)#字段总是位与标签的下方


        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

对齐方式

表单的对齐，和表单中的标签的对齐 

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #对齐
        #表单的对齐
        formLayout.setFormAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        #表单中的标签的对齐
        formLayout.setLabelAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

间距

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #间距
        formLayout.setHorizontalSpacing(20)
        formLayout.setVerticalSpacing(60)



        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

字段增长策略

默认情况是，当窗口拉伸时，右面的field 也会跟着被拉伸，

from PyQt5.Qt import *  # 刚开始学习可以这样一下导入
import sys


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("QFormLayout 的学习")
        self.resize(400, 400)
        self.set_ui()

    def set_ui(self):
        name_label = QLabel("姓名：")
        age_label = QLabel("年龄：")
        sex_label = QLabel("性别:")

        name_lineEdit = QLineEdit()
        age_spinBox = QSpinBox()
        male_radioButton = QRadioButton("男")
        female_radioButton = QRadioButton("女")
        h_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        h_layout.addWidget(male_radioButton)
        h_layout.addWidget(female_radioButton)

        submit_btn = QPushButton("提交")

        formLayout = QFormLayout()

        # 添加行
        formLayout.addRow(name_label, name_lineEdit)
        formLayout.addRow(age_label, age_spinBox)
        # 添加子布局
        formLayout.addRow(sex_label, h_layout)
        formLayout.addRow(submit_btn)

        #字段增长策略
        formLayout.setFieldGrowthPolicy(QFormLayout.FieldsStayAtSizeHint)

        self.setLayout(formLayout)

        return None


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    window = Window()
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

布局项操作（了解）

它涉及到自定义布局（使用的很少）

总结：

这就是表单布局管理器的内容 QFormLayout :下面是网格布局QGridLayout  :https://www.cnblogs.com/zach0812/p/11401724.html