linux中grep使用方法具体解释

查找特定字符串并颜色显示
[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'the' regular_express.txt --color=auto
8:I can't finish the test.
12:the symbol '*' is represented as start.
15:You are the best is mean you are the no. 1.
16:The world <Happy> is the same with "glad".
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.

反向选择查找特定字符串并颜色显示

[root@fwq test]# grep -vn 'the' regular_express.txt --color=auto
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
2:apple is my favorite food.
......

忽略大写和小写查找特定的字符

 [root@fwq test]#  grep -in 'the' regular_express.txt

使用 [] 来查找集合字符：

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 't[ae]st' regular_express.txt
8:I can't finish the test.
9:Oh! The soup taste good.

查找有‘oo’字符串

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'oo' regular_express.txt
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
2:apple is my favorite food.
3:Football game is not use feet only.
9:Oh! The soup taste good.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!

查找有‘oo’字符串，可是不要前面有g的，即剔除goo

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '[^g]oo' regular_express.txt
2:apple is my favorite food.
3:Football game is not use feet only.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!

查找非小写字母加oo的内容

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '[^a-z]oo' regular_express.txt
3:Football game is not use feet only.

 

获取有数字的一行

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '[0-9]' regular_express.txt
5:However, this dress is about $ 3183 dollars.
15:You are the best is mean you are the no. 1.

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '[^[:lower:]]oo' regular_express.txt
3:Football game is not use feet only.

查询以the开头的字符

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '^the' regular_express.txt
12:the symbol '*' is represented as start.

查询开头是小写字母的内容

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '^[a-z]' regular_express.txt
2:apple is my favorite food.
4:this dress doesn't fit me.
10:motorcycle is cheap than car.
12:the symbol '*' is represented as start.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!
20:go! go! Let's go.

查询第一个字符不是大写的

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '^[[:lower:]]' regular_express.txt
2:apple is my favorite food.
4:this dress doesn't fit me.
10:motorcycle is cheap than car.
12:the symbol '*' is represented as start.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!
20:go! go! Let's go.

查询不是以英文开头的字符

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '^[^a-zA-Z]' regular_express.txt
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
21:# I am VBird

查询结尾是小数点的行的内容.

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '.$' regular_express.txt
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
2:apple is my favorite food.
3:Football game is not use feet only.
4:this dress doesn't fit me.
10:motorcycle is cheap than car.
11:This window is clear.
12:the symbol '*' is represented as start.
15:You are the best is mean you are the no. 1.
16:The world <Happy> is the same with "glad".
17:I like dog.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
20:go! go! Let's go.

查找“空白行”

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '^$' regular_express.txt
22:

通配符.和*的使用，.(小数点)代表一定有一个随意字符，*代表反复前一个到无穷多次的意思

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'g..d' regular_express.txt
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
9:Oh! The soup taste good.
16:The world <Happy> is the same with "glad".

查询出现随意数字的行列

[root@fwq test]# grep -n '[0-9][0-9]*' regular_express.txt
5:However, this dress is about $ 3183 dollars.
15:You are the best is mean you are the no. 1.

查询出现两个o的字符串

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'o{2}' regular_express.txt
1:"Open Source" is a good mechanism to develop programs.
2:apple is my favorite food.
3:Football game is not use feet only.
9:Oh! The soup taste good.
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!

查询出现2-5个o的字符串,后面在接一个g的字符串

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'o{2,5}g' regular_express.txt
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!

查询出现2个以上o的字符串,后面在接一个g的字符串

[root@fwq test]# grep -n 'o{2,}g' regular_express.txt
18:google is the best tools for search keyword.
19:goooooogle yes!