1、整合Junit
（1）整合前的测试类代码
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); AccountService accountService =(AccountService) applicationContext.getBean("accountService"); accountService.transfer("zhai","zhang",10); } }
需要先加载配置文件，获得spring容器，然后从容器中获得对象即可调用相应的类中的方法。
（2）整合后的代码：
需要先导入jar包：
基础包：4+1
测试包：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Test { @Autowired//与JUnit整合，不需要在spring的xml配置文件中配置扫描 private AccountService accountService; public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); AccountService accountService =(AccountService) applicationContext.getBean("accountService"); accountService.transfer("zhai","zhang",10); } }
加载配置文件：
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
classpath 的作用是告诉我们配置文件的位置是src目录下。
2、整合web
（1）导入jar包：
（2）tomcat启动时加载配置文件的方式：
servlet init（ServletConfig） <load-on-startup>
filter init（FilterConfig） web.xml注册过滤器自动调用初始化
listener ServletContextListenter ServletContext 对象监听（spring运用的是这个）
spring提供监听器 ContextLoaderListener web.xml
（3）对web.xml文件进行配置（加载配置文件）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <!--确定配置文件的位置，默认情况在WEB-INF目录下--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--配置spring监听器，加载配置文件--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
（4）从servletContext作用域获得spring容器
public class TestServlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet { protected void doPost(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException { } protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException { //获得spring容器,手动从applicationContext作用域获取 ApplicationContext applicationContext= (ApplicationContext) this.getServletContext().getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE); //通过工具获取 ApplicationContext applicationContext1= WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(this.getServletContext()); AccountService accountService =(AccountService) applicationContext.getBean("accountService"); accountService.transfer("zhai","zhang",10); } }
获取ApplicationContext 的对象有两种方式。
书写一个页面点击后访问servlet：
<%-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA. User: zhai Date: 2020/4/17/0017 Time: 10:17 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>$Title$</title> </head> <body> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/test">获得spring容器</a> </body> </html>