Dbcp 数据源配置

Dbcp最基础的数据源Apache的开源项目，dbcp最后更新停留在2010年，在dbcp基础上衍生出dbcp2截止当前最新更新在2020年。

一：添加依赖

       <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>${dbcp.version}</version>
        </dependency> 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>            

二：添加配置文件dbcp.properties，所有参数在org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory工厂类中都有定义

#全部的参数参考,org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory里的ALL_PROPERTIES
driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username=root
password=

#<!-- 初始化连接 -->
initialSize=10
#最大连接数量
maxActive=50
#<!-- 最大空闲连接 -->
maxIdle=20
#<!-- 最小空闲连接 -->
minIdle=5
#<!-- 超时等待时间以毫秒为单位 6000毫秒/1000等于60秒 -->
maxWait=60000

#JDBC驱动建立连接时附带的连接属性属性的格式必须为这样：[属性名=property;] 
#注意："user" 与 "password" 两个属性会被明确地传递，因此这里不需要包含他们。
connectionProperties=useUnicode=true;characterEncoding=gbk;serverTimezone=UTC
#指定由连接池所创建的连接的自动提交（auto-commit）状态。
defaultAutoCommit=true
#driver default 指定由连接池所创建的连接的事务级别（TransactionIsolation）。
#可用值为下列之一：（详情可见javadoc。）NONE,READ_UNCOMMITTED, READ_COMMITTED, REPEATABLE_READ, SERIALIZABLE
defaultTransactionIsolation=READ_UNCOMMITTED

 三：创建数据源对象

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory;

/***
 * 
 * @author zhanchaohan
 *
 */
public class DbcpUtill {
    public BasicDataSource initBasicDataSource() throws Exception {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(new FileInputStream(DbcpUtill.class.getResource("/dbcp.properties").getPath()));
//        BasicDataSourceFactory bsf = new BasicDataSourceFactory();// 创建工厂

        return BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);// 获取数据源
    }
}

四：官方给出了三个实例

4.1:BasicDataSourceExample.java

package com.jachs.dbcp.apache;

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

//
// Here are the dbcp-specific classes.
// Note that they are only used in the setupDataSource
// method. In normal use, your classes interact
// only with the standard JDBC API
//
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource;

//
// Here's a simple example of how to use the BasicDataSource.
//

//
// Note that this example is very similar to the PoolingDriver
// example.

//
// To compile this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-2.1.jar 
// in your classpath.
//
// To run this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-2.1.jar 
//  * commons-logging-1.2.jar
// in your classpath.
//
//
// Invoke the class using two arguments:
//  * the connect string for your underlying JDBC driver
//  * the query you'd like to execute
// You'll also want to ensure your underlying JDBC driver
// is registered.  You can use the "jdbc.drivers"
// property to do this.
//
// For example:
//  java -Djdbc.drivers=org.h2.Driver 
//       -classpath commons-pool2-2.3.jar:commons-dbcp2-2.1.jar:commons-logging-1.2.jar:h2-1.3.152.jar:. 
//       BasicDataSourceExample 
//       "jdbc:h2:~/test" 
//       "SELECT 1"
//
public class BasicDataSourceExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // First we set up the BasicDataSource.
        // Normally this would be handled auto-magically by
        // an external configuration, but in this example we'll
        // do it manually.
        //
        System.out.println("Setting up data source.");
        DataSource dataSource = setupDataSource(args[0]);
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Now, we can use JDBC DataSource as we normally would.
        //
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rset = null;

        try {
            System.out.println("Creating connection.");
            conn = dataSource.getConnection();
            System.out.println("Creating statement.");
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            System.out.println("Executing statement.");
            rset = stmt.executeQuery(args[1]);
            System.out.println("Results:");
            int numcols = rset.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
            while(rset.next()) {
                for(int i=1;i<=numcols;i++) {
                    System.out.print("	" + rset.getString(i));
                }
                System.out.println("");
            }
        } catch(SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try { if (rset != null) rset.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (stmt != null) stmt.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (conn != null) conn.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
        }
    }

    public static DataSource setupDataSource(String connectURI) {
        BasicDataSource ds = new BasicDataSource();
        ds.setDriverClassName("org.h2.Driver");
        ds.setUrl(connectURI);
        return ds;
    }

    public static void printDataSourceStats(DataSource ds) {
        BasicDataSource bds = (BasicDataSource) ds;
        System.out.println("NumActive: " + bds.getNumActive());
        System.out.println("NumIdle: " + bds.getNumIdle());
    }

    public static void shutdownDataSource(DataSource ds) throws SQLException {
        BasicDataSource bds = (BasicDataSource) ds;
        bds.close();
    }
}

4.2:PoolingDataSourceExample.java

package com.jachs.dbcp.apache;
/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

//
// Here are the dbcp-specific classes.
// Note that they are only used in the setupDataSource
// method. In normal use, your classes interact
// only with the standard JDBC API
//
import org.apache.commons.pool2.ObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolableConnection;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolingDataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolableConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;

//
// Here's a simple example of how to use the PoolingDataSource.
//

//
// Note that this example is very similar to the PoolingDriver
// example.  In fact, you could use the same pool in both a
// PoolingDriver and a PoolingDataSource
//

//
// To compile this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool2-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp2-2.1.jar
// in your classpath.
//
// To run this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool2-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp2-2.1.jar
//  * commons-logging-1.2.jar
//  * the classes for your (underlying) JDBC driver
// in your classpath.
//
// Invoke the class using two arguments:
//  * the connect string for your underlying JDBC driver
//  * the query you'd like to execute
// You'll also want to ensure your underlying JDBC driver
// is registered.  You can use the "jdbc.drivers"
// property to do this.
//
// For example:
//  java -Djdbc.drivers=org.h2.Driver 
//       -classpath commons-pool2-2.3.jar:commons-dbcp2-2.1.jar:commons-logging-1.2.jar:h2-1.3.152.jar:. 
//       PoolingDataSourceExample 
//       "jdbc:h2:~/test" 
//       "SELECT 1"
//
public class PoolingDataSourceExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //
        // First we load the underlying JDBC driver.
        // You need this if you don't use the jdbc.drivers
        // system property.
        //
        System.out.println("Loading underlying JDBC driver.");
        try {
            Class.forName("org.h2.Driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Then, we set up the PoolingDataSource.
        // Normally this would be handled auto-magically by
        // an external configuration, but in this example we'll
        // do it manually.
        //
        System.out.println("Setting up data source.");
        DataSource dataSource = setupDataSource(args[0]);
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Now, we can use JDBC DataSource as we normally would.
        //
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rset = null;

        try {
            System.out.println("Creating connection.");
            conn = dataSource.getConnection();
            System.out.println("Creating statement.");
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            System.out.println("Executing statement.");
            rset = stmt.executeQuery(args[1]);
            System.out.println("Results:");
            int numcols = rset.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
            while(rset.next()) {
                for(int i=1;i<=numcols;i++) {
                    System.out.print("	" + rset.getString(i));
                }
                System.out.println("");
            }
        } catch(SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try { if (rset != null) rset.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (stmt != null) stmt.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (conn != null) conn.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
        }
    }

    public static DataSource setupDataSource(String connectURI) {
        //
        // First, we'll create a ConnectionFactory that the
        // pool will use to create Connections.
        // We'll use the DriverManagerConnectionFactory,
        // using the connect string passed in the command line
        // arguments.
        //
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory =
            new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(connectURI,null);

        //
        // Next we'll create the PoolableConnectionFactory, which wraps
        // the "real" Connections created by the ConnectionFactory with
        // the classes that implement the pooling functionality.
        //
        PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory =
            new PoolableConnectionFactory(connectionFactory, null);

        //
        // Now we'll need a ObjectPool that serves as the
        // actual pool of connections.
        //
        // We'll use a GenericObjectPool instance, although
        // any ObjectPool implementation will suffice.
        //
        ObjectPool<PoolableConnection> connectionPool =
                new GenericObjectPool<>(poolableConnectionFactory);
        
        // Set the factory's pool property to the owning pool
        poolableConnectionFactory.setPool(connectionPool);

        //
        // Finally, we create the PoolingDriver itself,
        // passing in the object pool we created.
        //
        PoolingDataSource<PoolableConnection> dataSource =
                new PoolingDataSource<>(connectionPool);

        return dataSource;
    }
}

4.3:PoolingDriverExample.java

package com.jachs.dbcp.apache;
/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.DriverManagerConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolableConnection;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolableConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolingDriver;
//
// Here are the dbcp-specific classes.
// Note that they are only used in the setupDriver
// method. In normal use, your classes interact
// only with the standard JDBC API
//
import org.apache.commons.pool2.ObjectPool;
import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool;

//
// Here's a simple example of how to use the PoolingDriver.
//

// To compile this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-2.1.jar 
// in your classpath.
//
// To run this example, you'll want:
//  * commons-pool-2.3.jar
//  * commons-dbcp-2.1.jar 
//  * commons-logging-1.2.jar
// in your classpath.
//
// Invoke the class using two arguments:
//  * the connect string for your underlying JDBC driver
//  * the query you'd like to execute
// You'll also want to ensure your underlying JDBC driver
// is registered.  You can use the "jdbc.drivers"
// property to do this.
//
// For example:
//  java -Djdbc.drivers=org.h2.Driver 
//       -classpath commons-pool2-2.3.jar:commons-dbcp2-2.1.jar:commons-logging-1.2.jar:h2-1.3.152.jar:. 
//       PoolingDriverExample 
//       "jdbc:h2:~/test" 
//       "SELECT 1"
//
public class PoolingDriverExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //
        // First we load the underlying JDBC driver.
        // You need this if you don't use the jdbc.drivers
        // system property.
        //
        System.out.println("Loading underlying JDBC driver.");
        try {
            Class.forName("org.h2.Driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Then we set up and register the PoolingDriver.
        // Normally this would be handled auto-magically by
        // an external configuration, but in this example we'll
        // do it manually.
        //
        System.out.println("Setting up driver.");
        try {
            setupDriver(args[0]);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("Done.");

        //
        // Now, we can use JDBC as we normally would.
        // Using the connect string
        //  jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example
        // The general form being:
        //  jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:<name-of-pool>
        //

        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rset = null;

        try {
            System.out.println("Creating connection.");
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example");
            System.out.println("Creating statement.");
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            System.out.println("Executing statement.");
            rset = stmt.executeQuery(args[1]);
            System.out.println("Results:");
            int numcols = rset.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
            while(rset.next()) {
                for(int i=1;i<=numcols;i++) {
                    System.out.print("	" + rset.getString(i));
                }
                System.out.println("");
            }
        } catch(SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try { if (rset != null) rset.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (stmt != null) stmt.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
            try { if (conn != null) conn.close(); } catch(Exception e) { }
        }

        // Display some pool statistics
        try {
            printDriverStats();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // closes the pool
        try {
            shutdownDriver();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void setupDriver(String connectURI) throws Exception {
        //
        // First, we'll create a ConnectionFactory that the
        // pool will use to create Connections.
        // We'll use the DriverManagerConnectionFactory,
        // using the connect string passed in the command line
        // arguments.
        //
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory =
            new DriverManagerConnectionFactory(connectURI,null);

        //
        // Next, we'll create the PoolableConnectionFactory, which wraps
        // the "real" Connections created by the ConnectionFactory with
        // the classes that implement the pooling functionality.
        //
        PoolableConnectionFactory poolableConnectionFactory =
            new PoolableConnectionFactory(connectionFactory, null);

        //
        // Now we'll need a ObjectPool that serves as the
        // actual pool of connections.
        //
        // We'll use a GenericObjectPool instance, although
        // any ObjectPool implementation will suffice.
        //
        ObjectPool<PoolableConnection> connectionPool =
            new GenericObjectPool<>(poolableConnectionFactory);
        
        // Set the factory's pool property to the owning pool
        poolableConnectionFactory.setPool(connectionPool);

        //
        // Finally, we create the PoolingDriver itself...
        //
        Class.forName("org.apache.commons.dbcp2.PoolingDriver");
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");

        //
        // ...and register our pool with it.
        //
        driver.registerPool("example",connectionPool);

        //
        // Now we can just use the connect string "jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:example"
        // to access our pool of Connections.
        //
    }

    public static void printDriverStats() throws Exception {
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
        ObjectPool<? extends Connection> connectionPool = driver.getConnectionPool("example");

        System.out.println("NumActive: " + connectionPool.getNumActive());
        System.out.println("NumIdle: " + connectionPool.getNumIdle());
    }

    public static void shutdownDriver() throws Exception {
        PoolingDriver driver = (PoolingDriver) DriverManager.getDriver("jdbc:apache:commons:dbcp:");
        driver.closePool("example");
    }
}