scrapy爬取站长素材

1、创建项目scrapy startproject 爬虫项目名字

2、创建虫子scrapy genspider 虫名字

3、setting里面加UA伪装

4、加LOG_LEVEL级别、ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

5、虫名字里面爬取网站和解析数据

6、item里面增加爬取的数据

7、setting里面加管道配置

8、pipelines管道自定义from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline、基于媒体资源发请求、文件储存功能注意：split('/')[-1]

9、setting配置文件指定IMAGES_STORE = './imgLibs'图片存储文件夹的名称+路径

10、setting里面开启管道ITEM_PIPELINES

11、执行虫子scrapy crawl img

img.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import scrapy
from imgPro1.items import Imgpro1Item


class ImgSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'img'
    # allowed_domains = ['www.xxx.com']
    start_urls = ['http://sc.chinaz.com/tupian/meinvtupian.html']

    def parse(self, response):
        div_list = response.xpath('//*[@id="container"]/div')
        for div in div_list:
            img_src = div.xpath('./div/a/img/@src2').extract_first()
            # 实例化item对象：
            item = Imgpro1Item()
            item['img_src'] = img_src
            yield item

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import os
import scrapy


class Imgpro1Item(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    img_src = scrapy.Field()

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import scrapy
import os
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline


class Imgpro1Pipeline(ImagesPipeline):
    """重写父类方法"""

    # 是用来对媒体资源进行请求的（数据下载），参数item就是接收到的爬虫类提交的item对象
    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        """基于媒体资源发请求"""
        yield scrapy.Request(item['img_src'])

    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        """文件储存功能"""
        return request.url.split('/')[-1]

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        # 将item传递个下一个即将被执行的管道类
        return item

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for imgPro1 project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
import os

BOT_NAME = 'imgPro1'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['imgPro1.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'imgPro1.spiders'

USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36'

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
# USER_AGENT = 'imgPro1 (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
LOG_LEVEL = 'ERROR'

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
# DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
# COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
# TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
# DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
# }

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'imgPro1.middlewares.Imgpro1SpiderMiddleware': 543,
# }

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'imgPro1.middlewares.Imgpro1DownloaderMiddleware': 543,
# }

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
# EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
# }

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'imgPro1.pipelines.Imgpro1Pipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
# AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
# AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
# AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
# AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
# AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
# HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
# HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
# HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
# HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
# HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
# 图片存储文件夹的名称+路径
IMAGES_STORE = './imgLibs'