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  • postgresql-删除重复数据

     
    greenplum最终的方法是:
    delete from test where (gp_segment_id, ctid) not in (select gp_segment_id, min(ctid) from test group by x, gp_segment_id);
     
    postgresql :
    delete from t_zhzx_aj where ctid not in (select min(ctid) from db_zxaj.t_zhzx_aj group by ahdm)
     
    使用窗口函数删除重复数据:
    https://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2013/04/15/3022086.html
     PG数据库几种删除重复数据的方法
    在使用PG数据库的这段时间,总结了三种删除重复数据的方法,其中最容易想到的就是最常规的删除方法,但此方法性能较差,删数据耗时较久,虽容易实现,但性能太差,影响写数据的速率。

    另外就是被使用的group by删除方法,效率较高。

    还有一种是刚发现的,还没有验证,现在就总结下这三种删除方法,并验证各自的执行效率。

    首先创建一张基础表,并插入一定量的重复数据。

        test=# create table deltest(id int, name varchar(255));
        CREATE TABLE
        test=# create table deltest_bk (like deltest);
        CREATE TABLE
        test=# insert into deltest select generate_series(1, 10000), 'ZhangSan';
        INSERT 0 10000
        test=# insert into deltest select generate_series(1, 10000), 'ZhangSan';
        INSERT 0 10000
        test=# insert into deltest_bk select * from deltest;
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    常规删除方法
    最容易想到的方法就是判断数据是否重复,对于重复的数据只保留ctid最小(或最大)的那条数据,删除其他的数据。


        test=# explain analyse delete from deltest a where a.ctid <> (select min(t.ctid) from deltest t where a.id=t.id);
                                                                 QUERY PLAN
        -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Delete on deltest a  (cost=0.00..195616.30 rows=1518 width=6) (actual time=67758.866..67758.866 rows=0 loops=1)
           ->  Seq Scan on deltest a  (cost=0.00..195616.30 rows=1518 width=6) (actual time=32896.517..67663.228 rows=10000 loops=1)
             Filter: (ctid <> (SubPlan 1))
             Rows Removed by Filter: 10000
             SubPlan 1
               ->  Aggregate  (cost=128.10..128.10 rows=1 width=6) (actual time=3.374..3.374 rows=1 loops=20000)
                     ->  Seq Scan on deltest t  (cost=0.00..128.07 rows=8 width=6) (actual time=0.831..3.344 rows=2 loops=20000)
                           Filter: (a.id = id)
                           Rows Removed by Filter: 19998
        Total runtime: 67758.931 ms
        test=# select count(*) from deltest;
        count
        -------
        10000
        (1 行记录)
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    可以看到,id相同的数据,保留ctid最小的那条,其他的删除。相当于把deltest表中的数据删掉一半,耗时达到67s多。相当慢。

    group by删除方法
    第二种方法为group by方法,通过分组找到ctid最小的数据,然后删除其他数据。

        test=# truncate table deltest;
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        test=# insert into deltest select * from deltest_bk;
        INSERT 0 20000
        test=# explain analyse delete from deltest a where a.ctid not in (select min(ctid) from deltest group by id);
                                                                 QUERY PLAN
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Delete on deltest a  (cost=131.89..2930.46 rows=763 width=6) (actual time=30942.496..30942.496 rows=0 loops=1)
           ->  Seq Scan on deltest a  (cost=131.89..2930.46 rows=763 width=6) (actual time=10186.296..30814.366 rows=10000 loops=1)
             Filter: (NOT (SubPlan 1))
             Rows Removed by Filter: 10000
             SubPlan 1
               ->  Materialize  (cost=131.89..134.89 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=0.001..0.471 rows=7500 loops=20000)
                     ->  HashAggregate  (cost=131.89..133.89 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=10.568..13.584 rows=10000 loops=1)
                           ->  Seq Scan on deltest  (cost=0.00..124.26 rows=1526 width=10) (actual time=0.006..3.829 rows=20000 loops=1)
         Total runtime: 30942.819 ms
        (9 行记录)
        test=# select count(*) from deltest;
         count
        -------
        10000
        (1 行记录)
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    可以看到同样是删除一半的数据,使用group by的方式,时间节省了一半。但仍含需要30s,下面试一下第三种删除操作。

    新的删除方法
    在postgres修炼之道这本书中,作者提到一种效率较高的删除方法, 在这里验证一下,具体如下:

        test=# truncate table deltest;
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        test=# insert into deltest select * from deltest_bk;
        INSERT 0 20000                                                         
        test=# explain analyze delete from deltest a where a.ctid = any(array (select ctid from (select row_number() over (partition by id), ctid from deltest) t where t.row_number > 1));
                                                                 QUERY PLAN
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Delete on deltest a  (cost=250.74..270.84 rows=10 width=6) (actual time=98.363..98.363 rows=0 loops=1)
        InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
         ->  Subquery Scan on t  (cost=204.95..250.73 rows=509 width=6) (actual time=29.446..47.867 rows=10000 loops=1)
               Filter: (t.row_number > 1)
               Rows Removed by Filter: 10000
               ->  WindowAgg  (cost=204.95..231.66 rows=1526 width=10) (actual time=29.436..44.790 rows=20000 loops=1)
                     ->  Sort  (cost=204.95..208.77 rows=1526 width=10) (actual time=12.466..13.754 rows=20000 loops=1)
                           Sort Key: deltest.id
                           Sort Method: quicksort  Memory: 1294kB
                           ->  Seq Scan on deltest  (cost=0.00..124.26 rows=1526 width=10) (actual time=0.021..5.110 rows=20000 loops=1)
        ->  Tid Scan on deltest a  (cost=0.01..20.11 rows=10 width=6) (actual time=82.983..88.751 rows=10000 loops=1)
             TID Cond: (ctid = ANY ($0))
        Total runtime: 98.912 ms
        (13 行记录)

        test=# select count(*) from deltest;
        count
        -------
        10000
        (1 行记录)
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    看到上述结果,真让我吃惊了一把,这么快的删除方法还是首次看到,自己真实孤陋寡闻,在这里要膜拜一下修炼之道这本书的大神作者了。
    同时,努力向大神学习!!
    ---------------------
    作者:arcticJian
    来源:CSDN
    原文:https://blog.csdn.net/arcticJian/article/details/50042647
    版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请附上博文链接!
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangfx01/p/10216460.html
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