ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo gedit /etc/hostname
2、创建hnu用户
为hadoop集群专门设置一个用户组及用户
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo groupadd hadoop //设置hadoop用户组
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -d /home/hnu -m hnu -g hadoop //添加一个hnu用户，此用户属于hadoop用户组。
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo passwd hnu //设置用户hnu登录密码
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ su hnu //切换到hnu用户中
3、安装SSH、配置SSH无密码登录
Ubuntu14.04环境下：
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-client=1:6.6p1-2ubuntu1
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
以上命令是产生公私密钥，产生目录在用户主目录下的.ssh目录中，如下：
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ cd .ssh
hnu@Ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ls
id_dsa.pub为公钥，id_dsa为私钥，紧接着将公钥文件复制成authorized_keys文件，这个步骤是必须的，过程如下：
hnu@Ubuntu:~/.ssh$ cat id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
hnu@Ubuntu:~/.ssh$ ls
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ ssh localhost
Ubuntu16.04环境下：
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
如果系统为Ubuntu16.0.4，则该步骤如下图所示
4、安装Java环境
解压JDK
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/opt$ sudo tar -zxvf jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
#JAVA
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_91
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
#HADOOP
export HADOOP_PREFIX=/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_PREFIX/bin:$HADOOP_PREFIX/sbin
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=${HADOOP_PREFIX}/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib:$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib/native"
5、安装Hadoop
解压Hadoop
ubuntu@Ubuntu:~$ sudo tar -zxvf hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz -C /home/hnu
core-site.xml:
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
</configuration>
hdfs-site.xml:
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/tmp/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/tmp/dfs/data</value>
</property>
</configuration>
mapred-site.xml:
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>locahost:9001</value>
</property>
</configuration>
hadoop-env.sh:
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_91
yarn-env.sh:
ubuntu@Ubuntu:/home/hnu/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop$ sudo gedit yarn-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_91
6、赋予权限
root@Ubuntu:/home/hnu# chown -R hnu:hadoop hadoop-2.6.0
7、格式化hdfs
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ source /etc/profile
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ hdfs namenode -format
8、启动/关闭hadoop
start-all.sh/stop-all.sh
start-dfs.sh/start-yarn.sh
stop-dfs.sh/stop-dfs.sh
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ start-dfs.sh
hnu@Ubuntu:~$ start-yarn.sh
查看hdfs/RM
localhost:50070/localhost:8088
