django rest framework 解析器组件 接口设计,视图组件 (2)

1. 使用视图组件进行接口优化
   1.1 使用视图组件的mixin进行接口逻辑优化
      - 导入mixin
         from rest_framework.mixinx import (
            ListModelMix,
            CreateModelMixin,
            DestroyModelMixin,
            UpdateModelMixin,
            RetrieveModelMixin
         )
         from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView

      - 定义序列化类
      Class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
            class Meta:
               Book
              fields = ()
              extra_kwargs = {"field_name": {"write_only": True}}
      
      - 导入序列化类
      from .app_serializers import BookSerializer
         
      - 定义视图类
      class BookView(ListModelMix, CreateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
         # queryset和serializer_class是固定的写法
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
          serializer_class = BookSerializer
        
          def get():
             return self.list()
         
          def post():
             return self.create()
            
      class BookFilterView(RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = BookSerializer
         
         def get():
             return self.retrieve()
            
         def delete():
             return self.destroy()
            
         def put():
             return self.update()
           
      注意：单条数据操作的url是这样的：re_path(r'books/(?P<pk>d+)/$, views.BookFilterView.as_view())

实例:

# class BookView(ListModelMixin,CreateModelMixin,GenericAPIView):
#     queryset = Book.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = BookSerializer
#     def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
#     def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
#         return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
#
# class BookFilterView(RetrieveModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, GenericAPIView):
#     queryset = Book.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = BookSerializer
#     def put(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
#         # 更改的时候区分一对多还是多对多
#         return self.update(request,*args,**kwargs)
#     def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
#         return self.retrieve(request,*args,**kwargs)
#     def delete(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
#         return self.destroy(request,*args,**kwargs)

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ('title',
                  'price',
                  'publish',
                  'authors',
                  'author_list',
                  'publish_name',
                  'publish_city'
                  )
        # 如过不加会实在页面显示关联的数字
        extra_kwargs = {
            'publish': {'write_only': True},
            'authors': {'write_only': True}
        }

    publish_name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source='publish.name')
    publish_city = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, read_only=True, source='publish.city')

    author_list = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_author_list(self, book_obj):
        # 拿到queryset开始循环 [{}, {}, {}, {}]
        authors = list()

        for author in book_obj.authors.all():
            authors.append(author.name)

        return authors

    #re_path(r'books/$', views.BookView.as_view()),
    #re_path(r'books/(?P<pk>d+)/$', views.BookFilterView.as_view()),

这时,会发现代码可以继续优化

1.2 使用视图组件的view进行接口逻辑优化
   - 导入模块
      from rest_framework import generics
      
   - 写视图类
      class BookView(generics.ListCreateAPIView)
         queryset = Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = BookSerializer
         
      class BookFilterView(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = BookSerializer

# class BookView(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
#     queryset = Book.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = BookSerializer
#
# class BookFilterView(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
#     queryset = Book.objects.all()
#     serializer_class = BookSerializer

    # path("course/",views.BookView.as_view()),
    # re_path("course/(?P<pk>d+)/",views.BookFilterView.as_view())

   
1.3 使用视图组件的viewset进行接口逻辑优化
   - 导入模块
      from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
   
   - 设计url
      re_path(r'books/$, views.BookView.as_view({
          'get': 'list',
         'post': 'create'
      })),
      re_path(r'books/(?P<pk>d+)/$', views.BookView.as_view({
          'get': 'retrieve',
         'delete': 'destroy',
         'put': 'update'
      }))
      
   - 设计视图类
      class BookView(ModelViewSet):
          queryset = Book.objects.all()
         serializer_class = BookSerializer

class BookView(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

    re_path("course/$",views.BookView.as_view({
        "get":"list",
        "post":'create',
    })),
    re_path("course/(?P<pk>d+)/",views.BookView.as_view({
        'get':'retrieve',
        'put':"update",
        'delete':"destroy"
    }))