windows10环境下安装Linux子系统---debian

一、前提

1、在控制面板-程序-启用与关闭Windows功能中，勾选“适用于Linux的Windows子系统”

 2、首先需要创建一个文件夹，用来存放子系统，在需要的位置创建即可，文件夹名任意

3、手动下载Windows子系统发行版包，下载完需要的发行版包后，将后缀名为.appx的文件放至上一步中的目录

下载地址： https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/wsl/install-manual

二、安装

1、双击压缩包安装即可

三、移动（本人电脑C盘满了，不需要将子系统移动的，可以跳过这个）

1、在安装子系统之前，我们需要下载一个东西 -> LxRunOffline  下载地址 （https://github.com/DDoSolitary/LxRunOffline/releases）

    下载文件LxRunOffline-vxxxx.zip  然后解压到某个一个目录中，之后我们需要设置环境变量，使用这个东西去移动我们的子系统，所以不可以删除这个东西

    右击”此电脑“->属性->高级系统设置，在高级面板中选择环境变量。选择系统变量中的Path变量，点击编辑按钮。

    点击新建，并把刚刚LxRunOffline的解压地址粘贴到新的项目中。切记这个目录里必须包含LxRunOffline.exe文件

    然后重启电脑，打开命令行工具，输入LxRunOffline，如果显示下面的提示证明已经安装成功了

2、打开命令行，输入LxRunOffline list 查看我们的子系统版本，我安装的是ubuntu18.04，例如显示这样的界面

    移动命令： LxRunOffline move -n Ubuntu-18.04 -d D:WinLinux  

3、移动Debian的指令

LxRunOffline list
LxRunOffline move -n Debian -d D:Debian

四、windows商店中下载windows terminal

    安装这个的目的是Debian可以轻松访问电脑中其他磁盘

五、配置Debian镜像源

1、Debian系的源一般都是由下列文件提供

/etc/apt/sources.list

2、所以可以使用的方法有两个

• 第一个就是只替换域名
• 第二个则是全替换

3、替换域名

sed -i 's#http://deb.debian.org#https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn#g' /etc/apt/sources.list

    手动替换也行：

    （1）由于用vi文本编辑器特别别扭，我先连上梯子，先更新apt包

apt update

    （2）安装vim编辑器

apt install vim

    （3）修改/etc/apt/sources.list文件，将里边的有关debian的根htpp地址替换成中科大的镜像地址：mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

        替换后如下图所示，替换后还要执行：apt update

4、更新

apt update

5、各个源

163镜像站  

1. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
2. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
3. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
4. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
5.  
6. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
7. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
8. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
9. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

华为云镜像站

1. deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
2. deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
3. deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
4. deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
5.  
6. deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
7. deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
8. deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free

腾讯云镜像站

1. deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
2. deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main
3. deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
4. deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
5.  
6. deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main
7. deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
8. deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
9. deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

中科大镜像站

1. deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
2. deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
3. deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
4. deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
5.  
6. deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
7. deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
8. deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
9. deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

阿里云镜像站

1. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
2. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main
3. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
4. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
5.  
6. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main
7. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
8. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
9. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

清华大学镜像站

1. deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
2. deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
3. deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
4. deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
5.  
6. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
7. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
8. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
9. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

兰州大学镜像站

1. deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
2. deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
3. deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
4. deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
5.  
6. deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
7. deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
8. deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
9. deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

上海交大镜像站

1. deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
2. deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
3. deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
4. deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
5.  
6. deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
7. deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
8. deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
9. deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free