6、SpringBootWeb开发-整合数据

一、整合JDBC

1、新建web项目

　　引入JDBC API、mysql Driver和Spring Web

Springboot会自动帮我们导入以下启动器

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>　

2、编写yaml配置文件

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: zhixi158
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

测试数据库连接信息：

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot03DataApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
        // 查看默认数据源
        System.out.println(dataSource.getClass());

        // 检查数据库连接
        Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(conn);

        // 关闭
        conn.close();
    }
}

 可以看出 Spring Boot 2.2.5 默认使用HikariDataSource 数据源，而以前版本，如 Spring Boot 1.5 默认使用 org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource 作为数据源；

 3、测试查询数据库

编写controller类，使用一个类：JdbcTemplate 实现CRUD等操作

package com.zhixi.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author zhangzhixi
 */
@Controller
public class JDBCController {
    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    /**
     * 添加用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/userAdd")
    public String addUser() {
        String sql = "insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(6,'小六','666')";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "update ok!";
    }

    /**
     * 删除用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/delUser/{userId}")
    public String delUser(@PathVariable("userId") int userId) {
        String sql = "delete from mybatis.user where id = " + userId + "";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "delete ok!";
    }

    /**
     * 修改用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/updateUser/{userId}")
    public String updateUser(@PathVariable("userId") int userId) {
        String sql = "update mybatis.user set name='赵六',pwd='123456' where id=" + userId + "";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "update Ok";
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/userList")

    public List getUserAll() {
        String sql = "select * from user";
        List maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
        return maps;
    }
}

源码：

　　数据库中所有能够配置的东西：DataSourceProperties

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanClassLoaderAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceInitializationMode;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DatabaseDriver;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.EmbeddedDatabaseConnection;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

/**
 * Base class for configuration of a data source.
 *
 * @author Dave Syer
 * @author Maciej Walkowiak
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @author Benedikt Ritter
 * @author Eddú Meléndez
 * @author Scott Frederick
 * @since 1.1.0
 */
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public class DataSourceProperties implements BeanClassLoaderAware, InitializingBean {

    private ClassLoader classLoader;

    /**
     * Name of the datasource. Default to "testdb" when using an embedded database.
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * Whether to generate a random datasource name.
     */
    private boolean generateUniqueName = true;

    /**
     * Fully qualified name of the connection pool implementation to use. By default, it
     * is auto-detected from the classpath.
     */
    private Class<? extends DataSource> type;

    /**
     * Fully qualified name of the JDBC driver. Auto-detected based on the URL by default.
     */
    private String driverClassName;

    /**
     * JDBC URL of the database.
     */
    private String url;

    /**
     * Login username of the database.
     */
    private String username;

    /**
     * Login password of the database.
     */
    private String password;

    /**
     * JNDI location of the datasource. Class, url, username and password are ignored when
     * set.
     */
    private String jndiName;

    /**
     * Mode to apply when determining if DataSource initialization should be performed
     * using the available DDL and DML scripts.
     */
    private DataSourceInitializationMode initializationMode = DataSourceInitializationMode.EMBEDDED;

    /**
     * Platform to use in the DDL or DML scripts (such as schema-${platform}.sql or
     * data-${platform}.sql).
     */
    private String platform = "all";

    /**
     * Schema (DDL) script resource references.
     */
    private List<String> schema;

    /**
     * Username of the database to execute DDL scripts (if different).
     */
    private String schemaUsername;

    /**
     * Password of the database to execute DDL scripts (if different).
     */
    private String schemaPassword;

    /**
     * Data (DML) script resource references.
     */
    private List<String> data;

    /**
     * Username of the database to execute DML scripts (if different).
     */
    private String dataUsername;

    /**
     * Password of the database to execute DML scripts (if different).
     */
    private String dataPassword;

    /**
     * Whether to stop if an error occurs while initializing the database.
     */
    private boolean continueOnError = false;

    /**
     * Statement separator in SQL initialization scripts.
     */
    private String separator = ";";

    /**
     * SQL scripts encoding.
     */
    private Charset sqlScriptEncoding;

    private EmbeddedDatabaseConnection embeddedDatabaseConnection = EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.NONE;

    private Xa xa = new Xa();

    private String uniqueName;

    @Override
    public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
        this.classLoader = classLoader;
    }

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        this.embeddedDatabaseConnection = EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.get(this.classLoader);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize a {@link DataSourceBuilder} with the state of this instance.
     * @return a {@link DataSourceBuilder} initialized with the customizations defined on
     * this instance
     */
    public DataSourceBuilder<?> initializeDataSourceBuilder() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create(getClassLoader()).type(getType()).driverClassName(determineDriverClassName())
                .url(determineUrl()).username(determineUsername()).password(determinePassword());
    }

    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public boolean isGenerateUniqueName() {
        return this.generateUniqueName;
    }

    public void setGenerateUniqueName(boolean generateUniqueName) {
        this.generateUniqueName = generateUniqueName;
    }

    public Class<? extends DataSource> getType() {
        return this.type;
    }

    public void setType(Class<? extends DataSource> type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    /**
     * Return the configured driver or {@code null} if none was configured.
     * @return the configured driver
     * @see #determineDriverClassName()
     */
    public String getDriverClassName() {
        return this.driverClassName;
    }

    public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
        this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
    }

    /**
     * Determine the driver to use based on this configuration and the environment.
     * @return the driver to use
     * @since 1.4.0
     */
    public String determineDriverClassName() {
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.driverClassName)) {
            Assert.state(driverClassIsLoadable(), () -> "Cannot load driver class: " + this.driverClassName);
            return this.driverClassName;
        }
        String driverClassName = null;
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.url)) {
            driverClassName = DatabaseDriver.fromJdbcUrl(this.url).getDriverClassName();
        }
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(driverClassName)) {
            driverClassName = this.embeddedDatabaseConnection.getDriverClassName();
        }
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(driverClassName)) {
            throw new DataSourceBeanCreationException("Failed to determine a suitable driver class", this,
                    this.embeddedDatabaseConnection);
        }
        return driverClassName;
    }

    private boolean driverClassIsLoadable() {
        try {
            ClassUtils.forName(this.driverClassName, null);
            return true;
        }
        catch (UnsupportedClassVersionError ex) {
            // Driver library has been compiled with a later JDK, propagate error
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Return the configured url or {@code null} if none was configured.
     * @return the configured url
     * @see #determineUrl()
     */
    public String getUrl() {
        return this.url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    /**
     * Determine the url to use based on this configuration and the environment.
     * @return the url to use
     * @since 1.4.0
     */
    public String determineUrl() {
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.url)) {
            return this.url;
        }
        String databaseName = determineDatabaseName();
        String url = (databaseName != null) ? this.embeddedDatabaseConnection.getUrl(databaseName) : null;
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(url)) {
            throw new DataSourceBeanCreationException("Failed to determine suitable jdbc url", this,
                    this.embeddedDatabaseConnection);
        }
        return url;
    }

    /**
     * Determine the name to used based on this configuration.
     * @return the database name to use or {@code null}
     * @since 2.0.0
     */
    public String determineDatabaseName() {
        if (this.generateUniqueName) {
            if (this.uniqueName == null) {
                this.uniqueName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
            }
            return this.uniqueName;
        }
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(this.name)) {
            return this.name;
        }
        if (this.embeddedDatabaseConnection != EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.NONE) {
            return "testdb";
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Return the configured username or {@code null} if none was configured.
     * @return the configured username
     * @see #determineUsername()
     */
    public String getUsername() {
        return this.username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    /**
     * Determine the username to use based on this configuration and the environment.
     * @return the username to use
     * @since 1.4.0
     */
    public String determineUsername() {
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.username)) {
            return this.username;
        }
        if (EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.isEmbedded(determineDriverClassName(), determineUrl())) {
            return "sa";
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Return the configured password or {@code null} if none was configured.
     * @return the configured password
     * @see #determinePassword()
     */
    public String getPassword() {
        return this.password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    /**
     * Determine the password to use based on this configuration and the environment.
     * @return the password to use
     * @since 1.4.0
     */
    public String determinePassword() {
        if (StringUtils.hasText(this.password)) {
            return this.password;
        }
        if (EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.isEmbedded(determineDriverClassName(), determineUrl())) {
            return "";
        }
        return null;
    }

    public String getJndiName() {
        return this.jndiName;
    }

    /**
     * Allows the DataSource to be managed by the container and obtained via JNDI. The
     * {@code URL}, {@code driverClassName}, {@code username} and {@code password} fields
     * will be ignored when using JNDI lookups.
     * @param jndiName the JNDI name
     */
    public void setJndiName(String jndiName) {
        this.jndiName = jndiName;
    }

    public DataSourceInitializationMode getInitializationMode() {
        return this.initializationMode;
    }

    public void setInitializationMode(DataSourceInitializationMode initializationMode) {
        this.initializationMode = initializationMode;
    }

    public String getPlatform() {
        return this.platform;
    }

    public void setPlatform(String platform) {
        this.platform = platform;
    }

    public List<String> getSchema() {
        return this.schema;
    }

    public void setSchema(List<String> schema) {
        this.schema = schema;
    }

    public String getSchemaUsername() {
        return this.schemaUsername;
    }

    public void setSchemaUsername(String schemaUsername) {
        this.schemaUsername = schemaUsername;
    }

    public String getSchemaPassword() {
        return this.schemaPassword;
    }

    public void setSchemaPassword(String schemaPassword) {
        this.schemaPassword = schemaPassword;
    }

    public List<String> getData() {
        return this.data;
    }

    public void setData(List<String> data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public String getDataUsername() {
        return this.dataUsername;
    }

    public void setDataUsername(String dataUsername) {
        this.dataUsername = dataUsername;
    }

    public String getDataPassword() {
        return this.dataPassword;
    }

    public void setDataPassword(String dataPassword) {
        this.dataPassword = dataPassword;
    }

    public boolean isContinueOnError() {
        return this.continueOnError;
    }

    public void setContinueOnError(boolean continueOnError) {
        this.continueOnError = continueOnError;
    }

    public String getSeparator() {
        return this.separator;
    }

    public void setSeparator(String separator) {
        this.separator = separator;
    }

    public Charset getSqlScriptEncoding() {
        return this.sqlScriptEncoding;
    }

    public void setSqlScriptEncoding(Charset sqlScriptEncoding) {
        this.sqlScriptEncoding = sqlScriptEncoding;
    }

    public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
        return this.classLoader;
    }

    public Xa getXa() {
        return this.xa;
    }

    public void setXa(Xa xa) {
        this.xa = xa;
    }

    /**
     * XA Specific datasource settings.
     */
    public static class Xa {

        /**
         * XA datasource fully qualified name.
         */
        private String dataSourceClassName;

        /**
         * Properties to pass to the XA data source.
         */
        private Map<String, String> properties = new LinkedHashMap<>();

        public String getDataSourceClassName() {
            return this.dataSourceClassName;
        }

        public void setDataSourceClassName(String dataSourceClassName) {
            this.dataSourceClassName = dataSourceClassName;
        }

        public Map<String, String> getProperties() {
            return this.properties;
        }

        public void setProperties(Map<String, String> properties) {
            this.properties = properties;
        }

    }

    static class DataSourceBeanCreationException extends BeanCreationException {

        private final DataSourceProperties properties;

        private final EmbeddedDatabaseConnection connection;

        DataSourceBeanCreationException(String message, DataSourceProperties properties,
                EmbeddedDatabaseConnection connection) {
            super(message);
            this.properties = properties;
            this.connection = connection;
        }

        DataSourceProperties getProperties() {
            return this.properties;
        }

        EmbeddedDatabaseConnection getConnection() {
            return this.connection;
        }

    }

}

　　在SpringBoot中有:xxx.properties，肯定存在xxxAutoConfiguration自动配置的文件

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.sql.XADataSource;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.AnyNestedCondition;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionMessage;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionOutcome;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SpringBootCondition;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.metadata.DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.EmbeddedDatabaseConnection;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotatedTypeMetadata;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

/**
 * {@link EnableAutoConfiguration Auto-configuration} for {@link DataSource}.
 *
 * @author Dave Syer
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @author Kazuki Shimizu
 * @since 1.0.0
 */
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass({ DataSource.class, EmbeddedDatabaseType.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(type = "io.r2dbc.spi.ConnectionFactory")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DataSourceProperties.class)
@Import({ DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.class, DataSourceInitializationConfiguration.class })
public class DataSourceAutoConfiguration {

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    @Conditional(EmbeddedDatabaseCondition.class)
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({ DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
    @Import(EmbeddedDataSourceConfiguration.class)
    protected static class EmbeddedDatabaseConfiguration {

    }

    @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    @Conditional(PooledDataSourceCondition.class)
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean({ DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
    @Import({ DataSourceConfiguration.Hikari.class, DataSourceConfiguration.Tomcat.class,
            DataSourceConfiguration.Dbcp2.class, DataSourceConfiguration.OracleUcp.class,
            DataSourceConfiguration.Generic.class, DataSourceJmxConfiguration.class })
    protected static class PooledDataSourceConfiguration {

    }

    /**
     * {@link AnyNestedCondition} that checks that either {@code spring.datasource.type}
     * is set or {@link PooledDataSourceAvailableCondition} applies.
     */
    static class PooledDataSourceCondition extends AnyNestedCondition {

        PooledDataSourceCondition() {
            super(ConfigurationPhase.PARSE_CONFIGURATION);
        }

        @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.datasource", name = "type")
        static class ExplicitType {

        }

        @Conditional(PooledDataSourceAvailableCondition.class)
        static class PooledDataSourceAvailable {

        }

    }

    /**
     * {@link Condition} to test if a supported connection pool is available.
     */
    static class PooledDataSourceAvailableCondition extends SpringBootCondition {

        @Override
        public ConditionOutcome getMatchOutcome(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
            ConditionMessage.Builder message = ConditionMessage.forCondition("PooledDataSource");
            if (DataSourceBuilder.findType(context.getClassLoader()) != null) {
                return ConditionOutcome.match(message.foundExactly("supported DataSource"));
            }
            return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(message.didNotFind("supported DataSource").atAll());
        }

    }

    /**
     * {@link Condition} to detect when an embedded {@link DataSource} type can be used.
     * If a pooled {@link DataSource} is available, it will always be preferred to an
     * {@code EmbeddedDatabase}.
     */
    static class EmbeddedDatabaseCondition extends SpringBootCondition {

        private static final String DATASOURCE_URL_PROPERTY = "spring.datasource.url";

        private final SpringBootCondition pooledCondition = new PooledDataSourceCondition();

        @Override
        public ConditionOutcome getMatchOutcome(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
            ConditionMessage.Builder message = ConditionMessage.forCondition("EmbeddedDataSource");
            if (hasDataSourceUrlProperty(context)) {
                return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(message.because(DATASOURCE_URL_PROPERTY + " is set"));
            }
            if (anyMatches(context, metadata, this.pooledCondition)) {
                return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(message.foundExactly("supported pooled data source"));
            }
            EmbeddedDatabaseType type = EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.get(context.getClassLoader()).getType();
            if (type == null) {
                return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(message.didNotFind("embedded database").atAll());
            }
            return ConditionOutcome.match(message.found("embedded database").items(type));
        }

        private boolean hasDataSourceUrlProperty(ConditionContext context) {
            Environment environment = context.getEnvironment();
            if (environment.containsProperty(DATASOURCE_URL_PROPERTY)) {
                try {
                    return StringUtils.hasText(environment.getProperty(DATASOURCE_URL_PROPERTY));
                }
                catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
                    // Ignore unresolvable placeholder errors
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

    }

}

二、整合Druid

---

1、Druid简介

　　Java程序很大一部分要操作数据库，为了提高性能操作数据库的时候，又不得不使用数据库连接池。

　　Druid 是阿里巴巴开源平台上一个数据库连接池实现，结合了 C3P0、DBCP 等 DB 池的优点，同时加入了日志监控。

　　Druid 可以很好的监控 DB 池连接和 SQL 的执行情况，天生就是针对监控而生的 DB 连接池。

　　Druid已经在阿里巴巴部署了超过600个应用，经过一年多生产环境大规模部署的严苛考验。

　　Spring Boot 2.0 以上默认使用 Hikari 数据源，可以说 Hikari 与 Driud 都是当前 Java Web 上最优秀的数据源，我们来重点介绍 Spring Boot 如何集成 Druid 数据源，如何实现数据库监控。

　　 Github地址：https://github.com/alibaba/druid/

基本配置

配置	缺省值	说明
name		配置这个属性的意义在于，如果存在多个数据源，监控的时候可以通过名字来区分开来。 如果没有配置，将会生成一个名字，格式是：“DataSource-” + System.identityHashCode(this)
jdbcUrl		连接数据库的url，不同数据库不一样。例如： mysql : jdbc:mysql://10.20.153.104:3306/druid2 oracle : jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.20.149.85:1521:ocnauto
username		连接数据库的用户名
password		连接数据库的密码。如果你不希望密码直接写在配置文件中，可以使用ConfigFilter。详细看这里：https://github.com/alibaba/druid/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ConfigFilter
driverClassName	根据url自动识别	这一项可配可不配，如果不配置druid会根据url自动识别dbType，然后选择相应的driverClassName(建议配置下)
initialSize	0	初始化时建立物理连接的个数。初始化发生在显示调用init方法，或者第一次getConnection时
maxActive	8	最大连接池数量
maxIdle	8	已经不再使用，配置了也没效果
minIdle		最小连接池数量
maxWait		获取连接时最大等待时间，单位毫秒。配置了maxWait之后，缺省启用公平锁，并发效率会有所下降，如果需要可以通过配置useUnfairLock属性为true使用非公平锁。
poolPreparedStatements	false	是否缓存preparedStatement，也就是PSCache。PSCache对支持游标的数据库性能提升巨大，比如说oracle。在mysql下建议关闭。
maxOpenPreparedStatements	-1	要启用PSCache，必须配置大于0，当大于0时，poolPreparedStatements自动触发修改为true。在Druid中，不会存在Oracle下PSCache占用内存过多的问题，可以把这个数值配置大一些，比如说100
validationQuery		用来检测连接是否有效的sql，要求是一个查询语句。如果validationQuery为null，testOnBorrow、testOnReturn、testWhileIdle都不会其作用。
testOnBorrow	true	申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，做了这个配置会降低性能。
testOnReturn	false	归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，做了这个配置会降低性能
testWhileIdle	false	建议配置为true，不影响性能，并且保证安全性。申请连接的时候检测，如果空闲时间大于timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis，执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效。
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis		有两个含义： 1) Destroy线程会检测连接的间隔时间2) testWhileIdle的判断依据，详细看testWhileIdle属性的说明
numTestsPerEvictionRun		不再使用，一个DruidDataSource只支持一个EvictionRun
minEvictableIdleTimeMillis
connectionInitSqls		物理连接初始化的时候执行的sql
exceptionSorter	根据dbType自动识别	当数据库抛出一些不可恢复的异常时，抛弃连接
filters		属性类型是字符串，通过别名的方式配置扩展插件，常用的插件有： 监控统计用的filter:stat日志用的filter:log4j防御sql注入的filter:wall
proxyFilters		类型是List<com.alibaba.druid.filter.Filter>，如果同时配置了filters和proxyFilters，是组合关系，并非替换关系

 2、Druid的使用

• 添加druid数据源 pom.xml

<!--阿里druid数据源-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<!--druid数据源依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--log4j日志监控-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

• 切换数据源 application.yaml

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: zhixi158
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

    # 更改数据源
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

    #druid 数据源专有配置
    druid:
      initialSize: 5
      minIdle: 5
      maxActive: 20
      maxWait: 60000
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
      validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
      testWhileIdle: true
      testOnBorrow: false
      testOnReturn: false
      poolPreparedStatements: true
      
      #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
      #如果允许时报错  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
      #则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
      filters: stat,wall,log4j
      maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
      useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
      connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

• 测试druid的日志监控 config/DruidConfigUraction.java

package com.zhixi.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    public DataSource druidDataSource(){
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

    @Bean
    //后台监控功能
    //因为SpringBoot内置了Servlet容器，所以没有Web.xml，替代方法：ServletRegistrationBean
    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){

        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new StatViewServlet(),"/druid/*");
        //后台需要有人登陆，账号密码配置
        HashMap<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        //增加配置
        map.put("loginUsername","admin");//登陆的key，是固定的，不能自己定义成其他的
        map.put("loginPassword","123456");

        //允许谁可以访问
        map.put("allow","localhost");

        bean.setInitParameters(map);//初始化参数
        return bean;
    }

    //配置 Druid 监控 之  web 监控的 filter
    //WebStatFilter：用于配置Web和Druid数据源之间的管理关联监控统计
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter() {
        FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());

        //exclusions：设置哪些请求进行过滤排除掉，从而不进行统计
        Map<String, String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
        initParams.put("exclusions", "*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);

        //"/*" 表示过滤所有请求
        bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
        return bean;
    }
}

访问：localhost:8080/druid,输入账号密码即可访问监控主页！

 三、整合mybatis

---

 1、整合包

　　为了方便我这里就放了学习SpringBoot到现在所用的依赖，有注释方便查看

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--阿里druid数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--druid数据源依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--log4j日志监控-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--
            spring默认使用yml中的配置,解决
            @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")爆红
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!--JSR303数据校验-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--thymeleaf模板引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--整合mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、实体类：popo/User.java

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

3、业务接口：mapper/UserMapper.java

@Component
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    /**
     * 添加用户
     */
    int addUser(User user);

    /**
     * 修改用户
     */
    int updateUser(User user);

    /**
     * 删除用户
     */
    int delUser(int id);

    /**
     * 根据id查询用户
     */
    User queryUserById(@Param("userId") int id);

    /**
     * 查询全部用户
     */
    List<User> queryUserAll();

}

4、mybatis映射(CRUD)：/resources/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhixi.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="queryUserAll" resultType="user">
        select *
        from mybatis.user;
    </select>

    <select id="queryUserById" resultType="user" parameterType="int">
        select *
        from mybatis.user
        where id = #{userId}
    </select>

    <delete id="delUser" parameterType="int">
        delete
        from mybatis.user
        where id = #{id}
    </delete>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="user">
        update mybatis.user
        set name=#{name},
            pwd=#{pwd}
        where id = #{id}
    </update>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="user">
        insert into mybatis.user(id, name, pwd)
        values (#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd});
    </insert>
</mapper>

5、配置文件：application.properties

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=zhixi158


# 整合mybatis
#-----------------------------
# 给实体类起别名
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.zhixi.pojo
# mapper映射
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml

6、业务接口的实现：controller/UserController

@Controller
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    /**
     * @return 查询全部用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/queryUser")
    public List<User> queryUserAll() {
        List<User> list = userMapper.queryUserAll();
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * @param id
     * @return 根据id查询用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/queryUserById/{id}")
    public User queryUserById(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        User user = userMapper.queryUserById(id);
        System.out.println(user);
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * @param id
     * @return 根据id删除用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/delUser/{id}")
    public String delUser(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
        int i = userMapper.delUser(id);
        return i >= 1 ? "删除成功" : "删除失败";
    }

    /**
     * @return 根据id修改用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/updateUser/{id}/{userName}/{userPwd}")
    public String updateUser(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                             @PathVariable("userName") String userName,
                             @PathVariable("userPwd") String userPwd) {
        int i = userMapper.updateUser(new User(id, userName, userPwd));
        return i >= 1 ? "修改成功" : "修改失败";
    }

    /**
     * @return 添加用户
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/addUser/{id}/{userName}/{userPwd}")
    public String addUser(@PathVariable("id") int id,
                          @PathVariable("userName") String userName,
                          @PathVariable("userPwd") String userPwd) {
        int i = userMapper.addUser(new User(id, userName, userPwd));
        return i >= 1 ? "添加用户成功" : "添加用户失败";
    }
}

　地址访问：localhost:8080/url地址即可实现对应操作