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  • 软件工程概论 --1

     一、设计思想

         界面构思:

           先按照图片要求,写一个addInput的界面,实现要保存信息的输入。在后台数据库中建立相应的表course 存储课程信息。保存新信息即是数据库的增操作,所以再写一个add1.jsp 页面操作从addInput传过来的参数信息。因为参数有相应要求:任课教师为王建民、刘立嘉、刘丹、王辉、杨子光五位教师的其中一位。 要求上课地点开头为“一教、二教、三教、基教”中的一种,即判断参数是否等于要求,若不等,让它跳转回原来的addInput的界面,并给addInput页面返回一个错误信息,重新输入参数。若满足要求,则将参数各个信息设置给一个User对象,将这个对象添加到数据库中,在此只判断输入信息是否有效,如输入信息与数据库中出现重复的情况,在add操作中有相应判断。list.jsp用于显示所有课程信息。

         数据库连接:

       因为增删改查都是要调数据库操作的,所以不妨将数据库的连接写入一个包中分装,com.jaovo.msg.Util包中DBUtil类,设置加载数据库和释放资源的方法,在增删改查操作,即可直接调用,UserDaoImpl类中放着所有的操作方法,每执行一个操作,既然是对数据库操作,即要连接数据库。

         方法实现:

    其实方法都大同小异,例如增加:1. 获得连接对象  2. 准备sql语句  3.创建语句传输对象  4. 接收结果集  5.遍历结果集 结果集不为空 ( 即该课程名称已存在)则抛出异常:该课程信息已存在;若为空,调用SQL中插入语句,将添加信息插入表中即可。6.关闭资源。

       异常抛出:

           定义一个自己的UserException类,继承Exception即可,抛出相关信息。

       错误信息捕捉:

       1.  ValidateUtil类中放着Map容器,通过 map对象用来装载不同错误信息  没有错误信息时返回true (错误信息为空),否则返回false。1.  Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)2. 通过request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数  3.然后将错误信息装载:errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值  4.request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中,在界面设置boolean validate=ValidateUtil.validateNull(request, new String[]{"class","teacher","address"});//使用的同一个request对象,判断它是否为真,若非真,则跳转原添加页面,在页面显示调用showError(request,"teacher")方法显示即可。若真,则执行添加操作。

      2.也可根据这种方法 ;   在add1.jsp页面,设置request.setAttribute("loginError","任课老师不存在");,然后在输入参数界面即addInput界面,request.getAttribute("loginError"),接收这个错误信息,判断是否有错误,若无,则赋值给“ ”即可,让它在页面输出即可。

         二、源程序代码

      addInput.jsp

    <%@ page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.ValidateUtil" %>
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
                       <h1 style="color:blue ; ">课程信息添加页面</h1>
    </head>
    <body>
    <%
        String loginError = (String)request.getAttribute("loginError");
        if(loginError == null){
            loginError = "";
        }
    %>
       <h4 style="color:red ;"><%=loginError %></h4>
        <form action="add1.jsp" method="post">
                <tr>
                    <td>课程名称 : </td>
                    <td>
                        <input type="text" name="class" />
                        <%=ValidateUtil.showError(request,"class")
                         %>
                    </td><br>
                </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>任课教师 : </td>
                    <td>
                        <input type="text" name="teacher" />
                        <%= ValidateUtil.showError(request,"teacher")
                         %>
                    </td><br>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>上课地点 : </td>
                    <td>
                        <input type="text" name="address" />
                        <%=ValidateUtil.showError(request,"address")%>
                    </td><br>
                <tr align="center">
                    <td colspan="2">
                        <input type="submit" value="保存" />
                        <input type="reset" value="重置" />
                    </td>
                </tr>
        </form>
    </body>
    </html>

    add1.jsp

    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.UserException"%>
    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl"%>
    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.model.User"%>
    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.Util.ValidateUtil"%>
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <%
        //接收客户端传递过来的参数
        String Class = request.getParameter("class");
        String teacher = request.getParameter("teacher");
        String address  = request.getParameter("address");
         boolean validate=ValidateUtil.validateNull(request, new String[]{"class","teacher","address"});//使用的同一个request对象
        if(!validate){
    %>
        <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
    <%
        }
        User user = new User();
        user.setCourse(Class);
        user.setTeacher(teacher);
        user.setAddress(address);
        UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
        try{
        if((!("王建民".equals(teacher)))&&(!("刘立嘉".equals(teacher)))&&(!("王辉".equals(teacher)))&&(!("刘丹".equals(teacher))))
            { 
                request.setAttribute("loginError","任课老师不存在");
                %>
        <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
    <%
            }
            else if(!(address.startsWith("一教"))&&!(address.startsWith("二教"))&&!(address.startsWith("三教"))&&!(address.startsWith("基教")))
        {
          request.setAttribute("loginError","上课地点有误");
          %>
        <jsp:forward page="addInput.jsp"></jsp:forward>
    <%
         }
        else{
        userDao.add(user);
        //重定向response.sendRedirect("List.jsp");
        %>
        用户保存成功!!<br>
        <a href="addInput.jsp">继续添加</a><br>
        <a href="list.jsp">用户列表</a>    
    <%
         }
        }catch(UserException e){
    %>
        <h2 style="color:red ; font-size:50px">发生错误 : <%=e.getMessage() %></h2>
        <%
        }
        %>
    </html>

    list.jsp

    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.model.User"%>
    <%@page import="java.util.List"%>
    <%@page import="com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl"%>
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>用户展示界面</title>
    </head>
    <%
        UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
        List<User> users = userDao.load();
    %>
    <body>
        <table align="center" border="1" width="500">
            <tr>
                <td>课程编号</td>
                <td>课程名称</td>
                <td>任课教师</td>
                <td>上课地点</td>
            </tr>
            <%
                for( User user : users ){
            %>
            <tr>
                <td> <%=user.getId() %></td>
                <td> <%=user.getCourse() %></td>
                <td> <%=user.getTeacher() %></td>
                <td> <%=user.getAddress() %></td>
            </tr>
            <%
                }
            %>
        </table>
    </body>
    </html>

    DBUtil.java--连接数据库

    package com.jaovo.msg.Util;
    
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.DriverManager;
    import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    
    public class DBUtil {
        public  static  Connection getConnection() {
            
                //1 加载驱动
                try {
                    Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
                } catch (InstantiationException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
            String user = "root";
            String password = "root";
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/course";
            Connection connection = null;
            try {
                //2 创建链接对象connection
                 connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return connection;
        }
        
        //关闭资源的方法
        public static void close(Connection connection ) {
            try {
                if (connection != null) {
                    connection.close();
                }
                
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        public static void close(PreparedStatement preparedStatement ) {
            try {
                if (preparedStatement != null) {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                }
                
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        public static void close(ResultSet resultSet ) {
            try {
                if (resultSet != null) {
                    resultSet.close();
                }
                
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        
    }

    User.java--基本信息(属性)

    package com.jaovo.msg.model;
    
    public class User {
        private int id;
        private String course;
        private String teacher;
        private String address;
        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public void setId(int id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public String getCourse() {
            return course;
        }
        public void setCourse(String course) {
            this.course = course;
        }
        public String getAddress() {
            return address;
        }
        public void setAddress(String address) {
            this.address = address;
        }
        public String getTeacher() {
            return teacher;
        }
        public void setTeacher(String teacher) {
            this.teacher = teacher;
        }
        
    
    }

    IUserDao.java----方法接口

    package com.jaovo.msg.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;
    
    public interface IUserDao {
        public void add(User user);
        public void delete(int id);
        public void update(User user);
        public User load(int id);
        public User load(String Class);
        public User load(String Class,String teacher);
        public List<User> load();
    }

    UserDaoImpl.java---方法实现(增删改查)

    package com.jaovo.msg.dao;
    
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import com.jaovo.msg.Util.DBUtil;
    import com.jaovo.msg.Util.UserException;
    import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;
    import sun.net.www.content.text.plain;
    public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao {
    
        @Override
        public void add(User user) {
            //获得连接对象
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            //准备sql语句
            String sql="select count(*)from t_user where Class= ?";
            //创建语句传输对象
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            ResultSet resultSet=null;
            try {
                 preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                 preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getCourse());
                 //接收结果集
                 resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                 //遍历结果集
                 while(resultSet.next())
                 {
                     if(resultSet.getInt(1)>0)
                         throw new UserException("用户已存在");
                 }
                 sql="insert into t_user(Class,teacher,address) value (?,?,?)";
                 preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                 preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getCourse());
                 preparedStatement.setString(2, user.getTeacher());
                 preparedStatement.setString(3, user.getAddress());
                 preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }
        }
        public void delete(int id) {
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            String sql="delete from t_user where id=?";
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            try
            {
                preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);
                preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            }catch(SQLException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }
            
        }
    
        public void update(User user) {
            //获得连接对象
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            //准备sql语句
            String sql="update t_user set teacher=?,address=? where id= ?";
            //创建语句传输对象
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            try {
                preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                preparedStatement.setString(1, user.getTeacher());
                preparedStatement.setString(2, user.getAddress());
                preparedStatement.setInt(3, user.getId());
                preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }
            
            
        }
    
        @Override
        public User load(int id) {
                    //获得连接对象
                    Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
                    //准备sql语句
                    String sql="select * from t_user where id = ?";
                    //创建语句传输对象
                    PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
                    ResultSet resultSet=null;
                    //集合中只能放User对象
                    User user=null;
                    try {
                        preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                        preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);
                        resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                         //遍历结果集
                         while(resultSet.next())
                         {
                             user=new User();
                             user.setId(id);
                             user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                             user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                             user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                         }
                    } catch (SQLException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }finally
                    {
                        //关闭资源
                        DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                        DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                        DBUtil.close(connection);
                        
                    }
                    
                     
            return user;
        }
    
        @Override
        public User load(String username) {
            //获得连接对象
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            //准备sql语句
            String sql="select * from t_user where class = ?";
            //创建语句传输对象
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            ResultSet resultSet=null;
            //集合中只能放User对象
            User user=null;
            try {
                preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                preparedStatement.setString(1,username);
                resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                 //遍历结果集
                 while(resultSet.next())
                 {
                     user=new User();
                     user.setCourse(username);
                     user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                     user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                     user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                 }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }   
              return user;    
        }
    
        @Override
        public List<User> load() {
            //获得连接对象
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            //准备sql语句
            String sql="select * from t_user ";
            //创建语句传输对象
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            ResultSet resultSet=null;
            List<User> users=new ArrayList<User>();
            User user=null;
            try {
                preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                 resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                 //遍历结果集
                 while(resultSet.next())
                 {
                     user=new User();
                     user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                     user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                     user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                     user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                     users.add(user);
                 }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }
            return users;
        }
        public User load(String username, String password) {
            //获得连接对象
            Connection connection=DBUtil.getConnection();
            //准备sql语句
            String sql="select * from t_user where class = ?";
            //创建语句传输对象
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
            ResultSet resultSet=null;
            //集合中只能放User对象
            User user=null;
            try {
                preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement(sql);
                preparedStatement.setString(1, username);
                resultSet=preparedStatement.executeQuery();
                 //遍历结果集
                 while(resultSet.next())
                 {
                     user=new User();
                     user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
                     user.setCourse(resultSet.getString("class"));
                     user.setTeacher(resultSet.getString("teacher"));
                     user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
                     
                 }
                 if(user==null)
                 {
                     throw new UserException("该课程信息不存在");
                 }
                 if(!user.getTeacher().equals(password))
                 {
                     throw new UserException("老师信息不正确");
                 }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally
            {
                //关闭资源
                DBUtil.close(resultSet);
                DBUtil.close(preparedStatement);
                DBUtil.close(connection);
                
            }
            
             
    return user;
        }
    
    }

    UserException---自定义异常类

    package com.jaovo.msg.Util;
    
    public class UserException extends RuntimeException{
    
        public UserException() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
        public UserException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
            super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
        public UserException(String message, Throwable cause) {
            super(message, cause);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
        public UserException(String message) {
            super(message);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
        public UserException(Throwable cause) {
            super(cause);
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
        
    
    }

    ValidateUtil.java ---错误信息捕捉

    package com.jaovo.msg.Util;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    
    import com.jaovo.msg.dao.UserDaoImpl;
    import com.jaovo.msg.model.User;
    
    public class ValidateUtil {//验证信息是否为空,Map容器(保存映射关系)
        public static boolean validateNull(HttpServletRequest request,String []fileds){//不为空(没有错误信息)--true 为空--返回false
            boolean validate=true;
            //map对象用来装载不同错误信息
            Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)
            for(String filed:fileds)
            {
                String value =request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数
                if(value==null||"".equals(value.trim()))
                {
                    validate=false;
                    errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值
                }
                if(!validate)
                {
                    request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中
                    
                }
            }
            return validate;    
        }
        public static boolean validateError(HttpServletRequest request,String []fileds){//不为空(没有错误信息)--true 为空--返回false
            boolean validate=true;
            //map对象用来装载不同错误信息
            UserDaoImpl userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
            List<User> users = userDao.load();
            Map<String,String> errorMsg=new HashMap();//<>泛型(map 装载错误信息,返回这个容器信息)
            for(String filed:fileds)
            {
                String value =request.getParameter(filed);//获取对应参数
                if(value==null||"".equals(value.trim()))
                {
                    validate=false;
                    errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"不能为空");//键和值
                }
                for( User user : users ){
                      if(value.equals(user.getCourse()))
                      {
                          errorMsg.put(filed, filed+"已存在");//键和值
                      }
                }
                if(!validate)
                {
                    request.setAttribute("errormsg",errorMsg);//map装进将容器中
                    
                }
                
            }
            return validate;    
        }
        public static String showError(HttpServletRequest request,String filed)//反射
        {
            Map<String, String> errorMsg=(Map<String, String> )request.getAttribute("errormsg");
            if(errorMsg==null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            String msg=errorMsg.get(filed);//有对象
            if(msg==null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return msg;
        }
        
    
    }

     三、运行结果截图

    表中原有:

    添加新信息:

    表中新信息:

    list.jsp

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhao-teng-ass/p/7911389.html
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