day43 LNMP单机环境安装并把图片备份作业流程

第1章 LNMP单机环境安装

1.Nginx安装

groupadd www -g 1000
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M -u 1000 -g 1000
id www
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo << 'EOF'
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
EOF
yum makecache
yum install nginx -y
rm -rf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
sed -i '/^user/c user  www;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

2.PHP安装

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/php74.repo << 'EOF'
[remi-php74]
name=Remi's PHP 7.4 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/7/php74/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi

[remi-safe]
name=Safe Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/remi/enterprise/7/safe/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
EOF
yum makecache
yum install -y php php-fpm php-cli php-gd php-mysqlnd php-pdo php-mcrypt php-xml php-opcache php-pecl-redis5
sed -i '/^user/c user = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
sed -i '/^group/c group = www' /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl enable php-fpm

3.MySQL安装配置

yum install mariadb-server mariadb -y
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb

4.检查

ps -ef|egrep "nginx|php|mysql"

02-mysql光速入门

mysql基础命令:
1.设置密码
mysqladmin password

2.使用账号密码连接
mysql -uroot -p123

3.查看数据库

> show databases;

4.切换到数据库里

> use mysql;

5.查看库里面有哪些表

> show tables;

6.查询当前数据库有哪些用户

> select user,host from mysql.user;
  查询   字段      从   库.表;

MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host      |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1       |
|      | localhost |
| root | localhost |
|      | web-7     |
| root | web-7     |
+------+-----------+

7.退出登录

> exit

03-LNMP调试

第1章 Nginx和PHP调试

1.配置nginx

cat > /etc/nginx/conf.d/php.conf << 'EOF'
server {
    server_name www.oldboy.com;
    listen 80;
    root /code;
    index index.php index.html;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root /code;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}
EOF
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx

2.创建php测试文件

mkdir /code -p
cat > /code/info.php << 'EOF'
<?php
    phpinfo();
?>
EOF
chown -R www:www /code/

3.访问测试

http://www.oldboy.com/info.php

第2章 nginx+php+mysql测试

1.创建php测试文件

cat > /code/mysql.php << 'EOF'
<?php
    $servername = "localhost";
    $username = "root";
    $password = "123";

    // 创建连接
    $conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);
    
    // // 检测连接
    if (!$conn) {
        die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
    }
    echo "php 连接 MySQL 数据库成功";
?>
EOF

2.访问测试

http://www.oldboy.com/mysql.php

04-部署博客wordpress

第1章 部署博客Wordpress

1.nginx配置

rm -rf /etc/nginx/conf.d/*
cat > /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf << 'EOF'
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name blog.oldboy.com;
    root /code/wordpress;
    index index.php index.html;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root /code/wordpress;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}
EOF
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx

2.下载解压wordpress到代码目录

rm -rf /code/
mkdir -p /code
cd /code/
wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz 
chown -R www:www /code/

3.创建数据库

mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'create database wordpress;'
mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show databases;'

4.测试访问

blog.oldboy.com

05部署问答系统wecenter

1.nginx配置

cat > /etc/nginx/conf.d/zh.conf << 'EOF'
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name zh.oldboy.com;
    root /code/zh;
    index index.php index.html;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root /code/zh;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}
EOF
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx

2.下载解压wordpress到代码目录

cd /code/
mkdir zh
cd zh
lz 
unzip WeCenter_3-6-0.zip
chown -R www:www /code/

3.创建数据库

mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'create database zh;'
mysql -uroot -p123 -e 'show databases;'

4.删除与微博接口通信代码

sed -i '126,137d' /code/zh/install/index.php

4.测试访问

zh.oldboy.com

先在web-7上查找zh和wordpross图片存储的位置

[root@web-7 /]# find / -type f -name "*.jpg"

找到位置

/code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/fangzhi-100x100.jpg
/code/zh/uploads/article/20211126/7c0988ed52cb308b203b1477e1a1237c.jpg

挂载目录

web-7 /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/ 挂载到 nfs-31的/data/目录

web-7/code/zh/uploads/article/目录挂载到nfs-31的/backup/目录

安装图片备份

nfs-31主机安装nfs-utils

NFS服务端-安装

yum install nfs-utils -y 

NFS服务端-配置

cat > /etc/exports << EOF
/data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=1000,anongid=1000)
/backup 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=1000,anongid=1000)
EOF

创建用户和目录

groupadd -g 1000 www
useradd -u 1000 -g 1000 -s /sbin/nologin -M www
mkdir /data /backup -p
chown -R www:www /data /backup
ls -ld /data 
ls -ld /backup

启动并查看状态

systemctl start rpcbind 
systemctl start  nfs
systemctl is-active rpcbind 
systemctl is-active nfs

测试

showmount -e 172.16.1.31

web-7安装nfs-utils客户端

NFS客户端-安装

yum install nfs-utils -y 

NFS客户端新建目录及用户

groupadd -g 1000 www 
useradd -g 1000 -u 1000 -s /sbin/nologin -M www 
mkdir /data /backup -p 
chown -R www:www /data    这个可以不要创建
chown -R www:www /backup  这个可以不要创建
ls -ld /data
ls -ld /backup

测试-非常重要

showmount -e 172.16.1.31

远程临时挂载NFS共享目录

mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data /data

写入开机启动挂载并载入开机挂载

cat >> /etc/fstab << 'EOF'
172.16.1.31:/data  /code/wordpress/wp-content/uploads  nfs defaults        0 0
172.16.1.31:/backup  /code/zh/uploads/article  nfs defaults        0 0
EOF
mount -a 

backup-41安装rsync服务端

1.安装rsync

yum  install rsync -y 

2.创建配置文件

cat > /etc/rsyncd.conf << 'EOF'
uid = www
gid = www
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
[backup]
path = /backup

[data]
path = /data
EOF

3.创建用户以及数据目录

groupadd www -g 1000
useradd www -u 1000 -g 1000 -M -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir -p /data 
mkdir -p /backup
chown -R www:www /data/ /backup/

4.创建密码文件并更改授权

echo "rsync_backup:oldboy" > /etc/rsync.passwd
chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd

5.启动服务

systemctl start rsyncd

nfs-31端安装rsync客户端

1.安装

yum  install rsync -y 

2.配置密码文件及授权

echo "oldboy" > /etc/rsync.pass
chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass

3.测试传输 测试方法1：

rsync --password-file=/etc/rsync.pass -avz /data/ rsync_backup@10.0.0.41::data

nfs-31端安装lsyncd

nfs-31上lsyncd安装

yum install lsyncd -y 

修改配置文件（同步/data /backup目录）

cat > /etc/lsyncd.conf << 'EOF'
settings {
  logfile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log",
  statusFile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.status",
  inotifyMode = "CloseWrite",
  maxProcesses = 8,
}
sync {
  default.rsync,
  source = "/data",
  target = "rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::data",
  delete = true,
  exclude = { ".*" },
  delay = 1,
  rsync = {
    binary = "/usr/bin/rsync",
    archive = true,
    compress = true,
    verbose = true,
    password_file = "/etc/rsync.pass",
    _extra = {"--bwlimit=2"}
  }
}

settings {
  logfile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.log",
  statusFile = "/var/log/lsyncd/lsyncd.status",
  inotifyMode = "CloseWrite",
  maxProcesses = 8,
}
sync {
  default.rsync,
  source = "/backup",
  target = "rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::backup",
  delete = true,
  exclude = { ".*" },
  delay = 1,
  rsync = {
    binary = "/usr/bin/rsync",
    archive = true,
    compress = true,
    verbose = true,
    password_file = "/etc/rsync.pass",
    _extra = {"--bwlimit=2"}
  }
}
EOF

启动命令

systemctl start lsyncd