PHPunit学习与实践(一)

http://pear.phpunit.de/   phpunit官方站点

https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/  phpunit Github地址

phpunit安装命令:

pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de

pear install -o phpunit/phpunit

运行上门的命令安装phpunit,当然必须是你的pear安装良好的情况下
如果安装的时候遇到pear/Mail_Mime requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.4), installed version is 1.9.0类似的错误

就将pear升级下再安装

pear升级

pear upgrade --force PEAR

安装成功后如果在cmd命令运行phpunit 提示 ".php.exe"' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。”

修改php安装目录的phpunit.bat，将 PHPBIN=.php.exe 改为你自己的php目录PHPBIN=D:wampphpphp.exe

然后关闭cmd再打开应该可以了

现在创建第一个测试用例

创建下面两个类

vendorWIGoodsGoodsAbstract.php

vendorWIGoodsBaoGoods.php

vendorWILoaderSplClassLoader.php

代码分别为:

GoodsAbstract.php

<?php 

namespace WIGoods;

 abstract class GoodsAbstract{
    private $good_name;
    
    public function SetGoods($goods_name)
    {
        $this->goods_name=$goods_name;
    }
    
    public function GetGoods()
    {
        return $this->goods_name;
    }
    
}

BaoGoods.php

<?php 
namespace WIGoods;

class BaoGoods extends GoodsAbstract{

}

SplClassLoader.php （类库的自动加载器）

<?php

/**
 * SplClassLoader implementation that implements the technical interoperability
 * standards for PHP 5.3 namespaces and class names.
 *
 * http://groups.google.com/group/php-standards/web/final-proposal
 *
 *     // Example which loads classes for the Doctrine Common package in the
 *     // DoctrineCommon namespace.
 *     $classLoader = new SplClassLoader('DoctrineCommon', '/path/to/doctrine');
 *     $classLoader->register();
 *
 * @author Jonathan H. Wage <jonwage@gmail.com>
 * @author Roman S. Borschel <roman@code-factory.org>
 * @author Matthew Weier O'Phinney <matthew@zend.com>
 * @author Kris Wallsmith <kris.wallsmith@gmail.com>
 * @author Fabien Potencier <fabien.potencier@symfony-project.org>
 */
class SplClassLoader
{
    private $_fileExtension = '.php';
    private $_namespace;
    private $_includePath;
    private $_namespaceSeparator = '\';

    /**
     * Creates a new <tt>SplClassLoader</tt> that loads classes of the
     * specified namespace.
     * 
     * @param string $ns The namespace to use.
     */
    public function __construct($ns = null, $includePath = null)
    {
        $this->_namespace = $ns;
        $this->_includePath = $includePath;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the namespace separator used by classes in the namespace of this class loader.
     * 
     * @param string $sep The separator to use.
     */
    public function setNamespaceSeparator($sep)
    {
        $this->_namespaceSeparator = $sep;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the namespace seperator used by classes in the namespace of this class loader.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function getNamespaceSeparator()
    {
        return $this->_namespaceSeparator;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the base include path for all class files in the namespace of this class loader.
     * 
     * @param string $includePath
     */
    public function setIncludePath($includePath)
    {
        $this->_includePath = $includePath;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the base include path for all class files in the namespace of this class loader.
     *
     * @return string $includePath
     */
    public function getIncludePath()
    {
        return $this->_includePath;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the file extension of class files in the namespace of this class loader.
     * 
     * @param string $fileExtension
     */
    public function setFileExtension($fileExtension)
    {
        $this->_fileExtension = $fileExtension;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the file extension of class files in the namespace of this class loader.
     *
     * @return string $fileExtension
     */
    public function getFileExtension()
    {
        return $this->_fileExtension;
    }

    /**
     * Installs this class loader on the SPL autoload stack.
     */
    public function register()
    {
        spl_autoload_register(array($this, 'loadClass'));
    }

    /**
     * Uninstalls this class loader from the SPL autoloader stack.
     */
    public function unregister()
    {
        spl_autoload_unregister(array($this, 'loadClass'));
    }

    /**
     * Loads the given class or interface.
     *
     * @param string $className The name of the class to load.
     * @return void
     */
    public function loadClass($className)
    {
        if (null === $this->_namespace || $this->_namespace.$this->_namespaceSeparator === substr($className, 0, strlen($this->_namespace.$this->_namespaceSeparator))) {
            $fileName = '';
            $namespace = '';
            if (false !== ($lastNsPos = strripos($className, $this->_namespaceSeparator))) {
                $namespace = substr($className, 0, $lastNsPos);
                $className = substr($className, $lastNsPos + 1);
                $fileName = str_replace($this->_namespaceSeparator, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $namespace) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
                
            }
            $fileName .= str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $className) . $this->_fileExtension;
            
            require ($this->_includePath !== null ? $this->_includePath . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR : '') . $fileName;
        }
    }
}

只是简单的一个添加商品和显示商品功能，BaoGoods继承GoodsAbstract，主要是为了按常用的类组织模式来测试

然后在vendor目录下新建目录WItest

新建文件如下,这样可以将不同组件

vendorWItestGoodBaoGoodsTest.php

vendorWItestautoload_factory.php

autoload_factory.php

<?php 
include "WI/Loader/SplClassLoader.php";
$autoloader=new SplClassLoader("WI","");
$autoloader->register();

BaoGoodsTest.php

<?php 
require_once 'WItest/autoload_factory.php';
require_once 'PHPUnit/Framework/TestCase.php';

use WIGoodsBaoGoods;

class BaoGoodsTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase{
    private $Goods_obj;
    
　　//用于初始化测试所需的数据,在每个方法运行前被调用
    public function setUp()
    {
        $this->Goods_obj=new BaoGoods();
    }

　　//在每个方法运行后被调用
    public function tearDown()
    {
        
    }
    
    public function testAddGoods()
    {
        $Goods_name="双肩包";
        $this->Goods_obj->SetGoods($Goods_name);
        $this->assertEquals($this->Goods_obj->GetGoods(),"双肩包1");
    }

}

然后在cmd里进入vendor目录运行 phpunit witest

会得出如下提示:

PHPUnit 3.7.22 by Sebastian Bergmann.

F

Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 3.00Mb

There was 1 failure:

1) BaoGoodsTest::testAddGoods
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected (前面为-符号的为期望的结果)
+++ Actual   (前面为+符号的是实际的结果)
@@ @@
-'鍙岃偐鍖?  （貌似命令行下不支持中文）
+'鍙岃偐鍖?'

D:wwwmytoolsvendorWItestGoodBaoGoodsTest.php:24

FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

对于phpunit命令行下中文显示为乱码的问题,可以运行 phpunit witest>c:witest.txt 后查看witest.txt即可正常显示中文

也可以在vendor目录下新建witest.bat，内容为：phpunit witest>witest.txt

这样双击下就可以查看测试结果了