elasticsearch 常见查询及聚合的JAVA API

ES 常见查询

（1）根据ID 进行单个查询

GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("accounts", "person", "1").setOperationThreaded(false).get();

相对于sql 的 select * from accounts.person  where id=1 ;

（2）分页查询所有记录

QueryBuilder qb=new MatchAllQueryBuilder();
        SearchResponse response= client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(qb).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100).get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

response.getHits()是所有命中记录 相较于sql select * from accounts.person limit 100;

（3）根据多条件组合与查询

QueryBuilder qb=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("title","JAVA开发工程师")).must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("age",30)) ;

        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(qb).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

must 就像sql里的and   相较于sql  select * from accounts.person where title='JAVA开发工程师' and age=30

（4）多条件或查询

 QueryBuilder qb=QueryBuilders.termQuery("user","kimchy14");
        QueryBuilder qb1=QueryBuilders.termQuery("user","kimchy15");

        SortBuilder sortBuilder=SortBuilders.fieldSort("age");
        sortBuilder.order(SortOrder.DESC);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().should(qb).should(qb1);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).addSort(sortBuilder).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

should 就像sql里的or  SortBuilder 的作用不言而喻就是用来排序 以上代码相较于sql  select * from   accounts.person where user='kimchy14' or  user='kimchy15'   ;   

   

（5）范围查询 

// RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
       // RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gt(30 );
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte(30 );
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

范围查询rangeQuery.from（30，true）方法是大于30  后面的参数是是否包含 为true的话就是大于等于30 to就相当于小于 如果也有包含参数为true的话就是小于等于  gt 是大于 gte是大于等于   lt是小于 lte是小于等于  第一句的builder就相当于 select * from accounts.person where age >=30 and age<=30;   

          

（6）包含查询

List<String> strs=new ArrayList<>();
        strs.add("kimchy14");
        strs.add("kimchy15");
        strs.add("kimchy16");
        QueryBuilder qb=QueryBuilders.termsQuery("user",strs);

        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(qb).setFetchSource("age",null).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

包含查询使用termsQuery 可以传列表 也可以传多个参数 或者数组 setFetchSource有两个参数 第一个参数是包含哪些参数 第二个参数是排除哪些参数   以上这段代码就相当于sql  select age from accounts.person where user in ('kimchy14','kimchy15','kimchy16');

（7）专门按id进行的包含查询

QueryBuilder qb=QueryBuilders.idsQuery(0+"");

        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(qb).setFetchSource("age",null).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits(); 
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

（8）按通配符查询

QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("user", "k*hy17*");
         //Fuzziness fuzziness=Fuzziness.fromEdits(2);

      // QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.fuzzyQuery("user","mchy2").fuzziness(fuzziness);
        //QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.prefixQuery("user", "kimchy2");
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(qb).setFetchSource("user",null).setFrom(0)
                .setSize(100);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }

通配符查询像我们sql里的like 但是还不一样 like的百分号可以加到前后    elasticsearch技术解析与实战中有一句话 是这么说的 为了避免极端缓慢的通配符查询 通配符索引词不应该以一个通配符开头 通配符查询应该避免以通配符开头  

  常见统计  统计分为指标 和 桶 桶就是我们统计的样本  指标就是我们平时所查的count  sum  与sql不一样的是 我们还可以将统计的样本拿到 就是response.getHits

（9）统计count

AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.count("ageCount").field("age");

        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        ValueCount valueCount= response.getAggregations().get("ageCount");
        long value=valueCount.getValue();

这段代码就相当于 sql select count(age) ageCount form accounts.person  where age >=30 and age<=30   

（10）查询最大值

 AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.max("max").field("age");

        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        Max valueCount= response.getAggregations().get("max");
        double value=valueCount.getValue();

（11）统计总和

AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.sum("sum").field("age");

        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        Sum valueCount= response.getAggregations().get("sum");
        double value=valueCount.getValue();

（12）平均数

AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.avg("avg").field("age");

        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        Avg valueCount= response.getAggregations().get("avg");
        double value=valueCount.getValue();

（13）统计样本基本指标

AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.stats("stats").field("age");

        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(30,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();
        SearchHits searchHits =  response.getHits();
        for(SearchHit hit:searchHits.getHits()){
            logger.log(Level.INFO , hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
        Stats valueCount= response.getAggregations().get("stats");
        logger.log(Level.INFO,"max"+valueCount.getMaxAsString());
        logger.log(Level.INFO,"avg"+valueCount.getAvgAsString());
        logger.log(Level.INFO,"sum"+valueCount.getSumAsString());
        logger.log(Level.INFO,"min"+valueCount.getMinAsString());
        logger.log(Level.INFO,"count"+valueCount.getCount());

分组统计 相当于group by 后拿各组指标进行统计 

 （14）分组求各组数据

 AggregationBuilder  termsBuilder = AggregationBuilders.terms("by_age").field("age");
        AggregationBuilder  sumBuilder=AggregationBuilders.sum("ageSum").field("age");
        AggregationBuilder  avgBuilder=AggregationBuilders.avg("ageAvg").field("age");
        AggregationBuilder  countBuilder=AggregationBuilders.count("ageCount").field("age");

        termsBuilder.subAggregation(sumBuilder).subAggregation(avgBuilder).subAggregation(countBuilder);
        //TermsAggregationBuilder all = AggregationBuilders.terms("age").field("age");
        //all.subAggregation(termsBuilder);
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(36,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(s).setFetchSource(null,"gender").setFrom(0).setSize(100).addAggregation(termsBuilder);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();

        Aggregations terms= response.getAggregations();
        for (Aggregation a:terms){
            LongTerms teamSum= (LongTerms)a;
            for(LongTerms.Bucket bucket:teamSum.getBuckets()){
                logger.info(bucket.getKeyAsString()+"   "+bucket.getDocCount()+"    "+((Sum)bucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("ageSum")).getValue()+"    "+((Avg)bucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("ageAvg")).getValue()+"    "+((ValueCount)bucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("ageCount")).getValue());

            }
        }

第一行 termsBuilder 就相当于根据年龄对数据进行分组 group by   后面对sumBuilder avgBuilder countBuilder等就是在组内 求和 求平均数 求数量

 （15）多分组求各组数据

TermsAggregationBuilder all = AggregationBuilders.terms("by_gender").field("gender");
         AggregationBuilder age = AggregationBuilders.terms("by_age").field("age");
        AggregationBuilder  sumBuilder=AggregationBuilders.sum("ageSum").field("age");
        //AggregationBuilder  avgBuilder=AggregationBuilders.avg("ageAvg").field("age");
       // AggregationBuilder  countBuilder=AggregationBuilders.count("ageCount").field("age");
         all.subAggregation(age.subAggregation(sumBuilder));
        RangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30,true).to(32,true);
        QueryBuilder s=QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(rangeQueryBuilder);//.must(qb5);
        SearchRequestBuilder sv=client.prepareSearch("accounts").setTypes("person").setQuery(rangeQueryBuilder).addAggregation(all);
        logger.log(Level.INFO,sv.toString());
        SearchResponse response=  sv.get();

        Aggregations terms= response.getAggregations();
        for (Aggregation a:terms){
            StringTerms stringTerms= (StringTerms)a;
             for(StringTerms.Bucket bucket:stringTerms.getBuckets()){
              //  logger.info(bucket.getKeyAsString());
                Aggregation aggs=bucket.getAggregations().getAsMap().get("by_age");
                 LongTerms terms1= (LongTerms)aggs;
                for (LongTerms.Bucket bu:terms1.getBuckets()){
                     logger.info(bucket.getKeyAsString()+"  "+bu.getKeyAsString()+" "+bu.getDocCount()+"    "+((Sum)bu.getAggregations().asMap().get("ageSum")).getValue());
                }

            }
        }

每增加一个分组指标就需要多加一个termsBuilder  其他等一切跟普通分组一样 每次拿到

      

          以上就是我总结的基本的查询 聚合 等常见功能 其他等诸如 求各组前多少数据是用topHits 这些基本够我们日常操作了 。

          最后我们总结下    精确查询用term 组合查询用bool 范围用range    and查询用must    or查询用should  not查询用must not  常见的接收聚合返回结果的类型 ValueCount   AVG  SUM  MAX  MIN  按照英文意义就可以理解  分组聚合查询时候还需要根据实际情况看是返回那种terms