zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • C#编写高性能网络服务器(源码)

    最近有项目要做一个高性能网络服务器,决定下功夫搞定完成端口(IOCP),最终花了一个星期终于把它弄清楚了,并用C++写了一个版本,效率很不错。

    但,从项目的总体需求来考虑,最终决定上.net平台,因此又花了一天一夜弄出了一个C#版,在这与大家分享。

    一些心得体会:

    1、在C#中,不用去面对完成端口的操作系统内核对象,Microsoft已经为我们提供了SocketAsyncEventArgs类,它封装了IOCP的使用。请参考:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.net.sockets.socketasynceventargs.aspx?cs-save-lang=1&cs-lang=cpp#code-snippet-1

    2、我的SocketAsyncEventArgsPool类使用List对象来存储对客户端来通信的SocketAsyncEventArgs对象,它相当于直接使用内核对象时的IoContext。我这样设计比用堆栈来实现的好处理是,我可以在SocketAsyncEventArgsPool池中找到任何一个与服务器连接的客户,主动向它发信息。而用堆栈来实现的话,要主动给客户发信息,则还要设计一个结构来存储已连接上服务器的客户。

    3、对每一个客户端不管还发送还是接收,我使用同一个SocketAsyncEventArgs对象,对每一个客户端来说,通信是同步进行的,也就是说服务器高度保证同一个客户连接上要么在投递发送请求,并等待;或者是在投递接收请求,等待中。本例只做echo服务器,还未考虑由服务器主动向客户发送信息。

    4、SocketAsyncEventArgs的UserToken被直接设定为被接受的客户端Socket。

    5、没有使用BufferManager 类,因为我在初始化时给每一个SocketAsyncEventArgsPool中的对象分配一个缓冲区,发送时使用Arrary.Copy来进行字符拷贝,不去改变缓冲区的位置,只改变使用的长度,因此在下次投递接收请求时恢复缓冲区长度就可以了!如果要主动给客户发信息的话,可以new一个SocketAsyncEventArgs对象,或者在初始化中建立几个来专门用于主动发送信息,因为这种需求一般是进行信息群发,建立一个对象可以用于很多次信息发送,总体来看,这种花销不大,还减去了字符拷贝和消耗。

    6、测试结果:(在我的笔记本上时行的,我的本本是T420 I7 8G内存)

    100客户 100,000(十万次)不间断的发送接收数据(发送和接收之间没有Sleep,就一个一循环,不断的发送与接收)
    耗时3004.6325 秒完成
    总共 10,000,000 一千万次访问
    平均每分完成 199,691.6 次发送与接收
    平均每秒完成 3,328.2 次发送与接收

    整个运行过程中,内存消耗在开始两三分种后就保持稳定不再增涨。

    看了一下对每个客户端的延迟最多不超过2毫秒,CPU占用在8%左右。

    7、下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/ztk12/4928644

    8、源码:

    IoContextPool.cs
     1 using System;
     2 using System.Collections.Generic;
     3 using System.Text;
     4 using System.Net.Sockets;
     5 
     6 namespace IocpServer
     7 {
     8     /// <summary>
     9     /// 与每个客户Socket相关联,进行Send和Receive投递时所需要的参数
    10     /// </summary>
    11     internal sealed class IoContextPool
    12     {
    13         List<SocketAsyncEventArgs> pool;        //为每一个Socket客户端分配一个SocketAsyncEventArgs,用一个List管理,在程序启动时建立。
    14         Int32 capacity;                         //pool对象池的容量
    15         Int32 boundary;                         //已分配和未分配对象的边界,大的是已经分配的,小的是未分配的
    16 
    17         internal IoContextPool(Int32 capacity)
    18         {
    19             this.pool = new List<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(capacity);
    20             this.boundary = 0;
    21             this.capacity = capacity;
    22         }
    23 
    24         /// <summary>
    25         /// 往pool对象池中增加新建立的对象,因为这个程序在启动时会建立好所有对象,
    26         /// 故这个方法只在初始化时会被调用,因此,没有加锁。
    27         /// </summary>
    28         /// <param name="arg"></param>
    29         /// <returns></returns>
    30         internal bool Add(SocketAsyncEventArgs arg)
    31         {
    32             if (arg != null && pool.Count < capacity)
    33             {
    34                 pool.Add(arg);
    35                 boundary++;
    36                 return true;
    37             }
    38             else
    39                 return false;
    40         }
    41 
    42         /// <summary>
    43         /// 取出集合中指定对象,内部使用
    44         /// </summary>
    45         /// <param name="index"></param>
    46         /// <returns></returns>
    47         //internal SocketAsyncEventArgs Get(int index)
    48         //{
    49         //    if (index >= 0 && index < capacity)
    50         //        return pool[index];
    51         //    else
    52         //        return null;
    53         //}
    54 
    55         /// <summary>
    56         /// 从对象池中取出一个对象,交给一个socket来进行投递请求操作
    57         /// </summary>
    58         /// <returns></returns>
    59         internal SocketAsyncEventArgs Pop()
    60         {
    61             lock (this.pool)
    62             {
    63                 if (boundary > 0)
    64                 {
    65                     --boundary;
    66                     return pool[boundary];
    67                 }
    68                 else
    69                     return null;
    70             }
    71         }
    72 
    73         /// <summary>
    74         /// 一个socket客户断开,与其相关的IoContext被释放,重新投入Pool中,备用。
    75         /// </summary>
    76         /// <param name="arg"></param>
    77         /// <returns></returns>
    78         internal bool Push(SocketAsyncEventArgs arg)
    79         {
    80             if (arg != null)
    81             {
    82                 lock (this.pool)
    83                 {
    84                     int index = this.pool.IndexOf(arg, boundary);  //找出被断开的客户,此处一定能查到,因此index不可能为-1,必定要大于0。
    85                     if (index == boundary)         //正好是边界元素
    86                         boundary++;
    87                     else
    88                     {
    89                         this.pool[index] = this.pool[boundary];     //将断开客户移到边界上,边界右移
    90                         this.pool[boundary++] = arg;
    91                     }
    92                 }
    93                 return true;
    94             }
    95             else
    96                 return false;
    97         }
    98     }
    99 }
    IoServer.cs
      1 using System;
      2 using System.Collections.Generic;
      3 using System.Text;
      4 using System.Net.Sockets;
      5 using System.Threading;
      6 using System.Net;
      7 
      8 namespace IocpServer
      9 {
     10     /// <summary>
     11     /// 基于SocketAsyncEventArgs 实现 IOCP 服务器
     12     /// </summary>
     13     internal sealed class IoServer
     14     {
     15         /// <summary>
     16         /// 监听Socket,用于接受客户端的连接请求
     17         /// </summary>
     18         private Socket listenSocket;
     19 
     20         /// <summary>
     21         /// 用于服务器执行的互斥同步对象
     22         /// </summary>
     23         private static Mutex mutex = new Mutex();
     24 
     25         /// <summary>
     26         /// 用于每个I/O Socket操作的缓冲区大小
     27         /// </summary>
     28         private Int32 bufferSize;
     29 
     30         /// <summary>
     31         /// 服务器上连接的客户端总数
     32         /// </summary>
     33         private Int32 numConnectedSockets;
     34 
     35         /// <summary>
     36         /// 服务器能接受的最大连接数量
     37         /// </summary>
     38         private Int32 numConnections;
     39 
     40         /// <summary>
     41         /// 完成端口上进行投递所用的IoContext对象池
     42         /// </summary>
     43         private IoContextPool ioContextPool;
     44 
     45         public MainForm mainForm;
     46 
     47         /// <summary>
     48         /// 构造函数,建立一个未初始化的服务器实例
     49         /// </summary>
     50         /// <param name="numConnections">服务器的最大连接数据</param>
     51         /// <param name="bufferSize"></param>
     52         internal IoServer(Int32 numConnections, Int32 bufferSize)
     53         {
     54             this.numConnectedSockets = 0;
     55             this.numConnections = numConnections;
     56             this.bufferSize = bufferSize;
     57 
     58             this.ioContextPool = new IoContextPool(numConnections);
     59 
     60             // 为IoContextPool预分配SocketAsyncEventArgs对象
     61             for (Int32 i = 0; i < this.numConnections; i++)
     62             {
     63                 SocketAsyncEventArgs ioContext = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
     64                 ioContext.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnIOCompleted);
     65                 ioContext.SetBuffer(new Byte[this.bufferSize], 0, this.bufferSize);
     66 
     67                 // 将预分配的对象加入SocketAsyncEventArgs对象池中
     68                 this.ioContextPool.Add(ioContext);
     69             }
     70         }
     71 
     72         /// <summary>
     73         /// 当Socket上的发送或接收请求被完成时,调用此函数
     74         /// </summary>
     75         /// <param name="sender">激发事件的对象</param>
     76         /// <param name="e">与发送或接收完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
     77         private void OnIOCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
     78         {
     79             // Determine which type of operation just completed and call the associated handler.
     80             switch (e.LastOperation)
     81             {
     82                 case SocketAsyncOperation.Receive:
     83                     this.ProcessReceive(e);
     84                     break;
     85                 case SocketAsyncOperation.Send:
     86                     this.ProcessSend(e);
     87                     break;
     88                 default:
     89                     throw new ArgumentException("The last operation completed on the socket was not a receive or send");
     90             }
     91         }
     92 
     93         /// <summary>
     94         ///接收完成时处理函数
     95         /// </summary>
     96         /// <param name="e">与接收完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
     97         private void ProcessReceive(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
     98         {
     99             // 检查远程主机是否关闭连接
    100             if (e.BytesTransferred > 0)
    101             {
    102                 if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
    103                 {
    104                     Socket s = (Socket)e.UserToken;
    105                     //判断所有需接收的数据是否已经完成
    106                     if (s.Available == 0)
    107                     {
    108                         // 设置发送数据
    109                         Array.Copy(e.Buffer, 0, e.Buffer, e.BytesTransferred, e.BytesTransferred);
    110                         e.SetBuffer(e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred * 2);
    111                         if (!s.SendAsync(e))        //投递发送请求,这个函数有可能同步发送出去,这时返回false,并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
    112                         {
    113                             // 同步发送时处理发送完成事件
    114                             this.ProcessSend(e);
    115                         }
    116                     }
    117                     else if (!s.ReceiveAsync(e))    //为接收下一段数据,投递接收请求,这个函数有可能同步完成,这时返回false,并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
    118                     {
    119                         // 同步接收时处理接收完成事件
    120                         this.ProcessReceive(e);
    121                     }
    122                 }
    123                 else
    124                 {
    125                     this.ProcessError(e);
    126                 }
    127             }
    128             else
    129             {
    130                 this.CloseClientSocket(e);
    131             }
    132         }
    133 
    134         /// <summary>
    135         /// 发送完成时处理函数
    136         /// </summary>
    137         /// <param name="e">与发送完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
    138         private void ProcessSend(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    139         {
    140             if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
    141             {
    142                 Socket s = (Socket)e.UserToken;
    143 
    144                 //接收时根据接收的字节数收缩了缓冲区的大小,因此投递接收请求时,恢复缓冲区大小
    145                 e.SetBuffer(0, bufferSize);
    146                 if (!s.ReceiveAsync(e))     //投递接收请求
    147                 {
    148                     // 同步接收时处理接收完成事件
    149                     this.ProcessReceive(e);
    150                 }
    151             }
    152             else
    153             {
    154                 this.ProcessError(e);
    155             }
    156         }
    157 
    158         /// <summary>
    159         /// 处理socket错误
    160         /// </summary>
    161         /// <param name="e"></param>
    162         private void ProcessError(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    163         {
    164             Socket s = e.UserToken as Socket;
    165             IPEndPoint localEp = s.LocalEndPoint as IPEndPoint;
    166 
    167             this.CloseClientSocket(s, e);
    168 
    169             string outStr = String.Format("套接字错误 {0}, IP {1}, 操作 {2}。", (Int32)e.SocketError, localEp, e.LastOperation);
    170             mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback, outStr);
    171             //Console.WriteLine("Socket error {0} on endpoint {1} during {2}.", (Int32)e.SocketError, localEp, e.LastOperation);
    172         }
    173 
    174         /// <summary>
    175         /// 关闭socket连接
    176         /// </summary>
    177         /// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed send/receive operation.</param>
    178         private void CloseClientSocket(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    179         {
    180             Socket s = e.UserToken as Socket;
    181             this.CloseClientSocket(s, e);
    182         }
    183 
    184         private void CloseClientSocket(Socket s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    185         {
    186             Interlocked.Decrement(ref this.numConnectedSockets);
    187 
    188             // SocketAsyncEventArg 对象被释放,压入可重用队列。
    189             this.ioContextPool.Push(e);            
    190             string outStr = String.Format("客户 {0} 断开, 共有 {1} 个连接。", s.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), this.numConnectedSockets);
    191             mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback, outStr);            
    192             //Console.WriteLine("A client has been disconnected from the server. There are {0} clients connected to the server", this.numConnectedSockets);
    193             try
    194             {
    195                 s.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Send);
    196             }
    197             catch (Exception)
    198             {
    199                 // Throw if client has closed, so it is not necessary to catch.
    200             }
    201             finally
    202             {
    203                 s.Close();
    204             }
    205         }
    206 
    207         /// <summary>
    208         /// accept 操作完成时回调函数
    209         /// </summary>
    210         /// <param name="sender">Object who raised the event.</param>
    211         /// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed accept operation.</param>
    212         private void OnAcceptCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    213         {
    214             this.ProcessAccept(e);
    215         }
    216 
    217         /// <summary>
    218         /// 监听Socket接受处理
    219         /// </summary>
    220         /// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed accept operation.</param>
    221         private void ProcessAccept(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    222         {
    223             Socket s = e.AcceptSocket;
    224             if (s.Connected)
    225             {
    226                 try
    227                 {
    228                     SocketAsyncEventArgs ioContext = this.ioContextPool.Pop();
    229                     if (ioContext != null)
    230                     {
    231                         // 从接受的客户端连接中取数据配置ioContext
    232 
    233                         ioContext.UserToken = s;
    234 
    235                         Interlocked.Increment(ref this.numConnectedSockets);
    236                         string outStr = String.Format("客户 {0} 连入, 共有 {1} 个连接。",  s.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(),this.numConnectedSockets);
    237                         mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback,outStr);
    238                         //Console.WriteLine("Client connection accepted. There are {0} clients connected to the server",
    239                             //this.numConnectedSockets);
    240 
    241                         if (!s.ReceiveAsync(ioContext))
    242                         {
    243                             this.ProcessReceive(ioContext);
    244                         }
    245                     }
    246                     else        //已经达到最大客户连接数量,在这接受连接,发送“连接已经达到最大数”,然后断开连接
    247                     {
    248                         s.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes("连接已经达到最大数!"));
    249                         string outStr = String.Format("连接已满,拒绝 {0} 的连接。", s.RemoteEndPoint);
    250                         mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback, outStr);
    251                         s.Close();
    252                    }
    253                 }
    254                 catch (SocketException ex)
    255                 {
    256                     Socket token = e.UserToken as Socket;
    257                     string outStr = String.Format("接收客户 {0} 数据出错, 异常信息: {1} 。", token.RemoteEndPoint, ex.ToString());
    258                     mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback, outStr);
    259                     //Console.WriteLine("Error when processing data received from {0}:\r\n{1}", token.RemoteEndPoint, ex.ToString());
    260                 }
    261                 catch (Exception ex)
    262                 {
    263                     mainForm.Invoke(mainForm.setlistboxcallback, "异常:" + ex.ToString());
    264                 }
    265                 // 投递下一个接受请求
    266                 this.StartAccept(e);
    267             }
    268         }
    269 
    270         /// <summary>
    271         /// 从客户端开始接受一个连接操作
    272         /// </summary>
    273         /// <param name="acceptEventArg">The context object to use when issuing 
    274         /// the accept operation on the server's listening socket.</param>
    275         private void StartAccept(SocketAsyncEventArgs acceptEventArg)
    276         {
    277             if (acceptEventArg == null)
    278             {
    279                 acceptEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
    280                 acceptEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnAcceptCompleted);
    281             }
    282             else
    283             {
    284                 // 重用前进行对象清理
    285                 acceptEventArg.AcceptSocket = null;
    286             }
    287 
    288             if (!this.listenSocket.AcceptAsync(acceptEventArg))
    289             {
    290                 this.ProcessAccept(acceptEventArg);
    291             }
    292         }
    293 
    294         /// <summary>
    295         /// 启动服务,开始监听
    296         /// </summary>
    297         /// <param name="port">Port where the server will listen for connection requests.</param>
    298         internal void Start(Int32 port)
    299         {
    300             // 获得主机相关信息
    301             IPAddress[] addressList = Dns.GetHostEntry(Environment.MachineName).AddressList;
    302             IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(addressList[addressList.Length - 1], port);
    303 
    304             // 创建监听socket
    305             this.listenSocket = new Socket(localEndPoint.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
    306             this.listenSocket.ReceiveBufferSize = this.bufferSize;
    307             this.listenSocket.SendBufferSize = this.bufferSize;
    308 
    309             if (localEndPoint.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6)
    310             {
    311                 // 配置监听socket为 dual-mode (IPv4 & IPv6) 
    312                 // 27 is equivalent to IPV6_V6ONLY socket option in the winsock snippet below,
    313                 this.listenSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IPv6, (SocketOptionName)27, false);
    314                 this.listenSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.IPv6Any, localEndPoint.Port));
    315             }
    316             else
    317             {
    318                 this.listenSocket.Bind(localEndPoint);
    319             }
    320 
    321             // 开始监听
    322             this.listenSocket.Listen(this.numConnections);
    323 
    324             // 在监听Socket上投递一个接受请求。
    325             this.StartAccept(null);
    326 
    327             // Blocks the current thread to receive incoming messages.
    328             mutex.WaitOne();
    329         }
    330 
    331         /// <summary>
    332         /// 停止服务
    333         /// </summary>
    334         internal void Stop()
    335         {
    336             this.listenSocket.Close();
    337             mutex.ReleaseMutex();
    338         }
    339 
    340     }
    341 }
     
  • 相关阅读:
    redis 报错 Redis protected-mode 配置文件没有真正启动
    模板进阶
    Django 模板
    合理使用nginxhash策略做更有意义的负载均衡
    Nginx在局域网中使用ip_hash负载均衡策略,访问全部分发到同一个后台服务器
    故障分析:数据库一致性关闭缓慢问题诊断
    Could not find acceptable representation
    Django 视图与网址进阶:
    Django 视图与网址
    eclipse安装Axis2插件和简单的webservice发布
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoutk/p/2833495.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看