背景
- java版本的升级也比较频繁, 每年一个版本或更多
- 虽然java环境变量的配置无技术性可言, 但对于频繁切换也是比较枯燥的
java版本管理工具
- sdkman: https://sdkman.io/
- jenv
- Jabba
sdkman的安装--mac
安装
curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
立即生效
source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
测试
sdk version
结果
$ sdk version
==== BROADCAST =================================================================
* 2020-09-02: jbang 0.43.0 @jbangdev https://git.io/JUqfJ
* 2020-09-02: jbang 0.42.1 @jbangdev https://git.io/JUqfJ
* 2020-08-25: Gradle 6.6.1 released on SDKMAN! #gradle
================================================================================
SDKMAN 5.9.0+555
sdkman的使用--mac
查看帮助
$ sdk help
Usage: sdk <command> [candidate] [version]
sdk offline <enable|disable>
commands:
install or i <candidate> [version] [local-path]
uninstall or rm <candidate> <version>
list or ls [candidate]
use or u <candidate> <version>
default or d <candidate> [version]
home or h <candidate> <version>
env or e [init]
current or c [candidate]
upgrade or ug [candidate]
version or v
broadcast or b
help
offline [enable|disable]
selfupdate [force]
update
flush <broadcast|archives|temp>
candidate : the SDK to install: groovy, scala, grails, gradle, kotlin, etc.
use list command for comprehensive list of candidates
eg: $ sdk list
version : where optional, defaults to latest stable if not provided
eg: $ sdk install groovy
local-path : optional path to an existing local installation
eg: $ sdk install groovy 2.4.13-local /opt/groovy-2.4.13
查看正在使用的java版本
$ sdk current java
Not using any version of java
查看所有的java版本
$ sdk list java
================================================================================
Available Java Versions
================================================================================
Vendor | Use | Version | Dist | Status | Identifier
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AdoptOpenJDK | | 14.0.2.j9 | adpt | | 14.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 14.0.2.hs | adpt | | 14.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 13.0.2.j9 | adpt | | 13.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 13.0.2.hs | adpt | | 13.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 12.0.2.j9 | adpt | | 12.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 12.0.2.hs | adpt | | 12.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 11.0.8.j9 | adpt | | 11.0.8.j9-adpt
| | 11.0.8.hs | adpt | | 11.0.8.hs-adpt
| | 8.0.265.j9 | adpt | | 8.0.265.j9-adpt
| | 8.0.265.hs | adpt | | 8.0.265.hs-adpt
Amazon | | 11.0.8 | amzn | | 11.0.8-amzn
| | 8.0.265 | amzn | | 8.0.265-amzn
Azul Zulu | | 14.0.2 | zulu | | 14.0.2-zulu
| | 13.0.4 | zulu | | 13.0.4-zulu
| | 13.0.4.fx | zulu | | 13.0.4.fx-zulu
| | 12.0.2 | zulu | | 12.0.2-zulu
| | 11.0.8 | zulu | | 11.0.8-zulu
| | 11.0.8.fx | zulu | | 11.0.8.fx-zulu
| | 10.0.2 | zulu | | 10.0.2-zulu
| | 9.0.7 | zulu | | 9.0.7-zulu
| | 8.0.265 | zulu | | 8.0.265-zulu
| | 8.0.265.fx | zulu | | 8.0.265.fx-zulu
| | 8.0.232.fx | zulu | | 8.0.232.fx-zulu
| | 8.0.202 | zulu | | 8.0.202-zulu
| | 7.0.262 | zulu | | 7.0.262-zulu
| | 7.0.181 | zulu | | 7.0.181-zulu
BellSoft | | 14.0.2.fx | librca | | 14.0.2.fx-librca
| | 14.0.2 | librca | | 14.0.2-librca
| | 13.0.2.fx | librca | | 13.0.2.fx-librca
| | 13.0.2 | librca | | 13.0.2-librca
| | 12.0.2 | librca | | 12.0.2-librca
| | 11.0.8.fx | librca | | 11.0.8.fx-librca
| | 11.0.8 | librca | | 11.0.8-librca
| | 8.0.265.fx | librca | | 8.0.265.fx-librca
| | 8.0.265 | librca | | 8.0.265-librca
GraalVM | | 20.2.0.r11 | grl | | 20.2.0.r11-grl
| | 20.2.0.r8 | grl | | 20.2.0.r8-grl
| | 20.1.0.r11 | grl | | 20.1.0.r11-grl
| | 20.1.0.r8 | grl | | 20.1.0.r8-grl
| | 20.0.0.r11 | grl | | 20.0.0.r11-grl
| | 20.0.0.r8 | grl | | 20.0.0.r8-grl
| | 19.3.1.r11 | grl | | 19.3.1.r11-grl
| | 19.3.1.r8 | grl | | 19.3.1.r8-grl
Java.net | | 16.ea.13 | open | | 16.ea.13-open
| | 15.ea.36 | open | | 15.ea.36-open
| | 14.0.2 | open | | 14.0.2-open
| | 13.0.2 | open | | 13.0.2-open
| | 12.0.2 | open | | 12.0.2-open
| | 11.0.2 | open | | 11.0.2-open
| | 10.0.2 | open | | 10.0.2-open
| | 9.0.4 | open | | 9.0.4-open
SAP | | 14.0.2 | sapmchn | | 14.0.2-sapmchn
| | 13.0.2 | sapmchn | | 13.0.2-sapmchn
| | 12.0.2 | sapmchn | | 12.0.2-sapmchn
| | 11.0.8 | sapmchn | | 11.0.8-sapmchn
================================================================================
Use the Identifier for installation:
$ sdk install java 11.0.3.hs-adpt
================================================================================
安装指定的java版本
安装jdk1.8, 版本号填写的是上图中的Identifier列
$ sdk install java 8.0.265.hs-adpt
Downloading: java 8.0.265.hs-adpt
In progress...
################################################################################################################################## 100.0%
################################################################################################################################## 100.0%
Repackaging Java 8.0.265.hs-adpt...
Done repackaging...
Cleaning up residual files...
Installing: java 8.0.265.hs-adpt
Done installing!
Setting java 8.0.265.hs-adpt as default.
同样的方式安装java 14.0.2.j9-adpt
再次查看有的java版本
$ sdk list java
================================================================================
Available Java Versions
================================================================================
Vendor | Use | Version | Dist | Status | Identifier
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AdoptOpenJDK | | 14.0.2.j9 | adpt | installed | 14.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 14.0.2.hs | adpt | | 14.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 13.0.2.j9 | adpt | | 13.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 13.0.2.hs | adpt | | 13.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 12.0.2.j9 | adpt | | 12.0.2.j9-adpt
| | 12.0.2.hs | adpt | | 12.0.2.hs-adpt
| | 11.0.8.j9 | adpt | | 11.0.8.j9-adpt
| | 11.0.8.hs | adpt | | 11.0.8.hs-adpt
| | 8.0.265.j9 | adpt | | 8.0.265.j9-adpt
| >>> | 8.0.265.hs | adpt | installed | 8.0.265.hs-adpt
- 已经安装的会显示
installed - 正在使用的会显示
>>>
切换java的版本
$ sdk use java 8.0.265.hs-adpt
Using java version 8.0.265.hs-adpt in this shell.
查看java的版本
$ java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_265"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 1.8.0_265-b01)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (AdoptOpenJDK)(build 25.265-b01, mixed mode)
- 切换版本仅在当前shell有效, 新打开的终端会使用默认的java版本
- 可以通过设置默认版本, 使新终端也是相同的java版本
设置默认版本
$ sdk default java 8.0.265.hs-adpt
Default java version set to 8.0.265.hs-adpt