Python老男孩 day17 函数（十一） 其他函数

ord函数
显示对用的ASCII码值
print(ord('a'))
运行结果：
97

pow函数
print(pow(2,3)) #2**3
print(pow(2,3,3)) #2**3%3
运行结果：
8
2

reversed函数
l=[1,2,3,4]
print(list(reversed(l)))
print(l)
运行结果：
[4, 3, 2, 1]
[1, 2, 3, 4]

round函数
print(round(3.5))
运行结果：
4

set函数
print(set('hello'))
运行结果：
{'l', 'h', 'e', 'o'}

slice函数
l='hello'
s1=slice(3,5)
s2=slice(1,4,2)
print(l[3:5])
print(l[s1])
运行结果：
lo
lo

print(l[s2])
print(s2.start) #开始位置
print(s2.stop) #结束位置
print(s2.step) #步长
运行结果：
el
1
4
2

sorted函数
l=[3,2,1,5,7]
print(sorted(l))
运行结果：
[1, 2, 3, 5, 7]
#排序本质就是在比较大小，不同类型不能比较

people=[
    {'name':'alex','age':1000},
    {'name':'wupei','age':10000},
    {'name':'yuanhao','age':9000},
    {'name':'linhaifeng','age':18},
]
print(sorted(people,key=lambda dic:dic['age']))
运行结果：
[{'name': 'linhaifeng', 'age': 18}, {'name': 'alex', 'age': 1000}, {'name': 'yuanhao', 'age': 9000}, {'name': 'wupei', 'age': 10000}]

name_dic={
    'abyuanhao': 11900,
    'alex':1200,
    'wupei':300,
}
print(sorted(name_dic))

print(sorted(name_dic,key=lambda key:name_dic[key]))

print(sorted(zip(name_dic.values(),name_dic.keys())))
运行结果：
['abyuanhao', 'alex', 'wupei']
['wupei', 'alex', 'abyuanhao']
[(300, 'wupei'), (1200, 'alex'), (11900, 'abyuanhao')]

vars函数
#vars()里没参数相当于locals()
def test():
    msg='sadssadsa'
    print(locals())
    print(vars())

test()
运行结果：
{'msg': 'sadssadsa'}
{'msg': 'sadssadsa'}

#vars()带参数，以字典形式显示出对象的所有方法
print(vars(int))
运行结果：
{'__repr__': <slot wrapper '__repr__' of 'int' objects>, '__hash__': <slot wrapper '__hash__' of 'int' objects>, '__str__': <slot wrapper '__str__' of 'int' objects>, '__getattribute__': <slot wrapper '__getattribute__' of 'int' objects>, '__lt__': <slot wrapper '__lt__' of 'int' objects>, '__le__': <slot wrapper '__le__' of 'int' objects>, '__eq__': <slot wrapper '__eq__' of 'int' objects>, '__ne__': <slot wrapper '__ne__' of 'int' objects>, '__gt__': <slot wrapper '__gt__' of 'int' objects>, '__ge__': <slot wrapper '__ge__' of 'int' objects>, '__add__': <slot wrapper '__add__' of 'int' objects>, '__radd__': <slot wrapper '__radd__' of 'int' objects>, '__sub__': <slot wrapper '__sub__' of 'int' objects>, '__rsub__': <slot wrapper '__rsub__' of 'int' objects>, '__mul__': <slot wrapper '__mul__' of 'int' objects>, '__rmul__': <slot wrapper '__rmul__' of 'int' objects>, '__mod__': <slot wrapper '__mod__' of 'int' objects>, '__rmod__': <slot wrapper '__rmod__' of 'int' objects>, '__divmod__': <slot wrapper '__divmod__' of 'int' objects>, '__rdivmod__': <slot wrapper '__rdivmod__' of 'int' objects>, '__pow__': <slot wrapper '__pow__' of 'int' objects>, '__rpow__': <slot wrapper '__rpow__' of 'int' objects>, '__neg__': <slot wrapper '__neg__' of 'int' objects>, '__pos__': <slot wrapper '__pos__' of 'int' objects>, '__abs__': <slot wrapper '__abs__' of 'int' objects>, '__bool__': <slot wrapper '__bool__' of 'int' objects>, '__invert__': <slot wrapper '__invert__' of 'int' objects>, '__lshift__': <slot wrapper '__lshift__' of 'int' objects>, '__rlshift__': <slot wrapper '__rlshift__' of 'int' objects>, '__rshift__': <slot wrapper '__rshift__' of 'int' objects>, '__rrshift__': <slot wrapper '__rrshift__' of 'int' objects>, '__and__': <slot wrapper '__and__' of 'int' objects>, '__rand__': <slot wrapper '__rand__' of 'int' objects>, '__xor__': <slot wrapper '__xor__' of 'int' objects>, '__rxor__': <slot wrapper '__rxor__' of 'int' objects>, '__or__': <slot wrapper '__or__' of 'int' objects>, '__ror__': <slot wrapper '__ror__' of 'int' objects>, '__int__': <slot wrapper '__int__' of 'int' objects>, '__float__': <slot wrapper '__float__' of 'int' objects>, '__floordiv__': <slot wrapper '__floordiv__' of 'int' objects>, '__rfloordiv__': <slot wrapper '__rfloordiv__' of 'int' objects>, '__truediv__': <slot wrapper '__truediv__' of 'int' objects>, '__rtruediv__': <slot wrapper '__rtruediv__' of 'int' objects>, '__index__': <slot wrapper '__index__' of 'int' objects>, '__new__': <built-in method __new__ of type object at 0x00000000538A99E0>, 'conjugate': <method 'conjugate' of 'int' objects>, 'bit_length': <method 'bit_length' of 'int' objects>, 'to_bytes': <method 'to_bytes' of 'int' objects>, 'from_bytes': <method 'from_bytes' of 'int' objects>, '__trunc__': <method '__trunc__' of 'int' objects>, '__floor__': <method '__floor__' of 'int' objects>, '__ceil__': <method '__ceil__' of 'int' objects>, '__round__': <method '__round__' of 'int' objects>, '__getnewargs__': <method '__getnewargs__' of 'int' objects>, '__format__': <method '__format__' of 'int' objects>, '__sizeof__': <method '__sizeof__' of 'int' objects>, 'real': <attribute 'real' of 'int' objects>, 'imag': <attribute 'imag' of 'int' objects>, 'numerator': <attribute 'numerator' of 'int' objects>, 'denominator': <attribute 'denominator' of 'int' objects>, '__doc__': "int(x=0) -> integer
int(x, base=10) -> integer

Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
are given.  If x is a number, return x.__int__().  For floating point
numbers, this truncates towards zero.

If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
given base.  The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
by whitespace.  The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4"}