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  • CMDB概述(二)

    运维自动化路线:

    cmdb的开发需要包含三部分功能:

      ·采集硬件数据

      ·API

      ·页面管理

    执行流程:服务器的客户端采集硬件数据,然后将硬件信息发送到API,API负责将获取到的数据保存到数据库中,后台管理程序负责对服务器信息的配置和展示。

    采集硬件信息

    采集硬件信息可以有两种方式实现:

      1、利用puppet中的report功能
      2、自己写agent,定时执行

    两种方式的优缺点各异:

      方式一

        优点是不需要在每台服务器上步一个agent

        缺点是依赖于puppet,并且使用ruby开发

      方式二

        优点是用于python调用shell命令,学习成本低

        缺点是需要在每台服务器上发一个agent

    方式一

    默认情况下,puppet的client会在每半个小时连接puppet的master来同步数据如果定义了report,那么在每次client和master同步数据时,会执行report的process函数,在该函数中定义一些逻辑,获取每台服务器信息并将信息发送给API

    puppet中默认自带了5个report,放置在【/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/puppet/reports/】路径下。如果需要执行某个report,那么就在puppet的master的配置文件中做如下配置:

    on master

    /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
    [main]
    reports = store #默认
    #report = true #默认
    #pluginsync = true #默认

    on client

    /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
    [main]
    #report = true #默认
      
    [agent]
    runinterval = 10
    server = master.puppet.com
    certname = c1.puppet.com

    如上述设置之后,每次执行client和master同步,就会在master服务器的 【/var/lib/puppet/reports】路径下创建一个文件,主动执行:puppet agent  --test

    所以,我们可以创建自己的report来实现cmdb数据的采集,创建report也有两种方式

    Demo 1

    1、创建report

    /usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/puppet/reports/cmdb.rb
     
    require 'puppet'
    require 'fileutils'
    require 'puppet/util'
      
    SEPARATOR = [Regexp.escape(File::SEPARATOR.to_s), Regexp.escape(File::ALT_SEPARATOR.to_s)].join
      
    Puppet::Reports.register_report(:cmdb) do
      desc "Store server info
        These files collect quickly -- one every half hour -- so it is a good idea
        to perform some maintenance on them if you use this report (it's the only
        default report)."
      
      def process
        certname = self.name
        now = Time.now.gmtime
        File.open("/tmp/cmdb.json",'a') do |f|
          f.write(certname)
          f.write(' | ')
          f.write(now)
          f.write("
    ")
        end
      
      end
    end

    2、应用report

    /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
    [main]
    reports = cmdb
    #report = true #默认
    #pluginsync = true #默认

    Demo 2

    1、创建report

    在 /etc/puppet/modules 目录下创建如下文件结构:

    modules
    └── cmdb
        ├── lib
        │   └── puppet
        │       └── reports
        │           └── cmdb.rb
        └── manifests
            └── init.pp

    require 'puppet'
    require 'fileutils'
    require 'puppet/util'
      
    SEPARATOR = [Regexp.escape(File::SEPARATOR.to_s), Regexp.escape(File::ALT_SEPARATOR.to_s)].join
      
    Puppet::Reports.register_report(:cmdb) do
      desc "Store server info
        These files collect quickly -- one every half hour -- so it is a good idea
        to perform some maintenance on them if you use this report (it's the only
        default report)."
      
      def process
        certname = self.name
        now = Time.now.gmtime
        File.open("/tmp/cmdb.json",'a') do |f|
          f.write(certname)
          f.write(' | ')
          f.write(now)
          f.write("
    ")
        end
      
      end
    end

    2、应用report

    /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
    [main]
    reports = cmdb
    #report = true #默认
    #pluginsync = true #默认

    方式二

    使用python调用shell命令,解析命令结果并将数据发送到API

    API

      ·REST与技术无关,代表的是一种软件架构风格,REST是Representational State Transfer的简称,中文翻译为“表征状态转移”

      ·REST从资源的角度类审视整个网络,它将分布在网络中某个节点的资源通过URL进行标识,客户端应用通过URL来获取资源的表征,获得这些表征致               使这些应用转变状态

      ·REST与技术无关,代表的是一种软件架构风格,REST是Representational State Transfer的简称,中文翻译为“表征状态转移”

      ·所有的数据,不过是通过网络获取的还是操作(增删改查)的数据,都是资源,将一切数据视为资源是REST区别与其他架构风格的最本质属性

      ·对于REST这种面向资源的架构风格,有人提出一种全新的结构理念,即:面向资源架构(ROA:Resource Oriented Architecture)

    django中可以使用 Django rest framwork 来实现:http://www.django-rest-framework.org/

    class Blog(models.Model):
        
        title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
        content = models.TextField()
    models.py
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
    from rest_framework import routers, serializers, viewsets
    from app02 import models
    from rest_framework.decorators import detail_route, list_route
    from rest_framework import response
    from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
    
    # Serializers define the API representation.
    class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff')
    
    # ViewSets define the view behavior.
    class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
        queryset = User.objects.all()
        serializer_class = UserSerializer
        
        
    # Serializers define the API representation.
    class BlogSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Blog
            depth = 1
            fields = ('url','title', 'content',)
        
        
    # ViewSets define the view behavior.
    class BLogViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
        queryset = models.Blog.objects.all()
        serializer_class = BlogSerializer
        
        @list_route()
        def detail(self,request):
            print request
            #return HttpResponse('ok')
            return response.Response('ok')
    api.py
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
    from django.contrib import admin
    from rest_framework import routers
    from app02 import api
    from app02 import views
    
    
    # Routers provide an easy way of automatically determining the URL conf.
    router = routers.DefaultRouter()
    router.register(r'users', api.UserViewSet)
    router.register(r'blogs', api.BLogViewSet)
    
    
    urlpatterns = patterns('',    
        url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
        url(r'index/', views.index),
        #url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
    )
    urls.py
    from django.shortcuts import render
    from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
    from rest_framework.response import Response
    # Create your views here.
    
    
    @api_view(['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE','POST']) 
    def index(request):
        print request.method
        print request.DATA
        return Response([{'asset': '1','request_hostname': 'c1.puppet.com' }])
    views.py

    后台管理页面

    后台管理页面需要实现对数据表的增删改查。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuifeng-mayi/p/9168118.html
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