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  • Python爬虫学习:用API爬取天气预报数据

    和风天气会提供一个API接口,方便其他的开发人员或者是学生,之前做手机APP的时候就使用过,现在回头看数据爬虫的东西,发现之前的接口已经不能用了,好可惜啊。

    虽然不能连接,但是展示下思路吧。

    1.首先获取所有城市的ID

    https://dev.heweather.com/docs/refer/city下载中国城市的csv文件,运行下面这段代码可以提取所有城市ID:(要去除文件的第一行)

    import pandas as pd
    df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv')
    
    for item in df['City_ID']:
        print(item)
    

      

    2.完成了城市编码的提取后,下一步就是调用接口获取数据,代码如下:

    import requests
    import time
    import pandas as pd
    df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv')
    for item in df['City_ID']:
        url = 'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=' +item+ '&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8'
    
        strhtml = requests.get(url)
        strhtml.encoding = 'utf8'
        time.sleep(1)
    

      

    3.存储数据到MongoDB

    import requests
    import pymongo
    import pandas as pd
    # 建立链接,其中localhost是主机名,2017是端口号(默认情况下是这个参数)
    client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
    # 新建名为'weather'的数据库
    book_weather = client['weather']
    # 新建名为'sheet_weather_3'的表
    sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3']
    df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv')
    for item in df['City_ID']:
        url = 'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=' +item+ '&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8'
        strhtml = requests.get(url)
        strhtml.encoding = 'utf8'
        # requests库返回的数据可以编码成JSON格式的数据
        dic = strhtml.json()
        # 写入数据
        sheet_weather.insert_one(dic)
    

      

    MongoDB里没有数据啊。

     4.MongoDB查询数据

    4.1 查找键 HeWeather6.basic.location 值为北京的数据

    import pymongo
    client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
    book_weather = client['weather']
    sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3']
    for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.basic.location':"北京"}):
        print(item)
    

      

    4.2 查询最低气温大于5度的城市,代码如下:

    import pymongo
    client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
    book_weather = client['weather']
    sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3']
    for item in sheet_weather.find():
        tmp = item['HeWeather6'][0]['now']['tmp']['min']
        # 将表中的气温数据修改为数值型
        sheet_weather.update_one({'_id':item['_id']},{'$set':{'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp':int(tmp)}})
        # 提取表中最低气温高于5摄氏度的城市
    for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp':{'$gt':5}}):
        print(item['HeWeather6'][0]['basic']['city'])
    

      

    4.3 查询三天里,天气最低温大于5度的城市,代码如下:

    import pymongo
    client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
    book_weather = client['weather']
    sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3']
    for item in sheet_weather.find():
        # 因为数据需要3天的天气预报,因此要循环3次
        for i in range(3):
            tmp = item['HeWeather6'][0]['daily_forecast'][i]['tmp']['min']
            sheet_weather.update_one({'_id':item['_id']},{'$set':{'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.{}.tmp.min'.format(i):int(tmp)}})
    for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.tmp.min':{'$gt':5}}):
        print(item['HeWeather6'][0]['basic']['city'])
    

      

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuozige/p/12976293.html
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