1、pyaudio安装大背景
最近在做智能音箱，需要编写声音拾取代码，我先是百度两篇比较常见的用python进行录音的操作的文章：
- python写一个录音小程序：http://blog.csdn.net/yexiaohhjk/article/details/73132562
- 利用百度语言识别API实现语音识别python：http://blog.csdn.net/yexiaohhjk/article/details/73134815
发现需要用到pyaudio，然后在其官网找到如何安装：http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/
但是，在py虚拟环境中通过pip安装会报错，而采用sudo apt-get install python-pyaudio python3-pyaudio安装没有报错，但是在虚拟环境中不行。
注：全局安装不适用于python虚拟环境中，python虚拟环境和全局环境互不影响。
2、解决python虚拟环境中安装pyaudio走过的坑
坑一：utbutu16.10 安装pyaudio模块过程出现错误 fatal error: portaudio.h: 没有那个文件或目录 error: command 'x86_64-linux-gn
尝试：http://blog.csdn.net/hellodrawing/article/details/60868939，发现没用
坑二：安装pyaudio找不到portaudio.h的问题
尝试：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_23729557/article/details/78956602，发现无用
1 ➜ ~ sudo apt-get install portaudio19-dev python-all-dev python3-all-dev 2 Reading package lists... Done 3 Building dependency tree 4 Reading state information... Done 5 python-all-dev is already the newest version (2.7.14-2ubuntu1). 6 The following additional packages will be installed: 7 jackd1 jackd1-firewire libasound2-dev libjack-dev libjack0 libportaudiocpp0 libpython3-all-dev libzita-alsa-pcmi0 libzita-resampler1 python3-all uuid-dev 8 Suggested packages: 9 jack-tools meterbridge libasound2-doc portaudio19-doc 10 The following packages will be REMOVED: 11 jackd2 jackd2-firewire libjack-jackd2-0 12 The following NEW packages will be installed: 13 jackd1 jackd1-firewire libasound2-dev libjack-dev libjack0 libportaudiocpp0 libpython3-all-dev libzita-alsa-pcmi0 libzita-resampler1 portaudio19-dev python3-all python3-all-dev uuid-dev 14 0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 3 to remove and 5 not upgraded. 15 Need to get 0 B/798 kB of archives. 16 After this operation, 2,595 kB of additional disk space will be used. 17 Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y 18 Preconfiguring packages ... 19 dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'emacsen-common' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed 20 (Reading database ... 419524 files and directories currently installed.) 21 Removing jackd2-firewire (1.9.10+20150825git1ed50c92~dfsg-5ubuntu1) ... 22 dpkg: jackd2: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested: 23 jackd depends on jackd2 | jackd1; however: 24 Package jackd2 is to be removed. 25 Package jackd1 is not installed. 26 27 Removing jackd2 (1.9.10+20150825git1ed50c92~dfsg-5ubuntu1) ... 28 dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'emacsen-common' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed 29 (Reading database ... 419435 files and directories currently installed.) 30 Preparing to unpack .../jackd1_1%3a0.125.0-2_amd64.deb ... 31 Unpacking jackd1 (1:0.125.0-2) ... 32 dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/jackd1_1%3a0.125.0-2_amd64.deb (--unpack): 33 trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjackserver.so.0', which is also in package libjack-jackd2-0:amd64 1.9.10+20150825git1ed50c92~dfsg-5ubuntu1 34 Errors were encountered while processing: 35 /var/cache/apt/archives/jackd1_1%3a0.125.0-2_amd64.deb 36 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 37 ➜ ~
坑三：Installing pyaudio with pip in a virtualenv
尝试：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35708238/installing-pyaudio-with-pip-in-a-virtualenv，在操作时，安装一个东西会报错！！！
3、最终解决方案
- 首先在virtualenv中安装pyaudio安装失败，搜索下说要先安装portaudio19-dev：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35708238/installing-pyaudio-with-pip-in-a-virtualenv
- 安装portaudio19-dev失败，搜索说缺少依赖（依赖版本不对），因此要安装sudo apt-get install jackd2
https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1680154
- 之后在虚拟环境中安装(du_tts_stt) ➜ ~ pip install pyaudio，出现因SOCK proxy导致有问题，关闭所有翻墙的服务，重启电脑再次安装OK
（真是费劲呀，哈哈哈）
之后调用官方的一些demo ：http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/运行有效果，但是有警告（可以忽略）
4、官方简单DEMO
官方一个简单的录音3S的DEMO：
1 """PyAudio example: Record a few seconds of audio and save to a WAVE file.""" 2 3 import pyaudio 4 import wave 5 6 CHUNK = 1024 7 FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16 8 CHANNELS = 1 9 RATE = 8000 10 RECORD_SECONDS = 3 11 WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "output.wav" 12 13 p = pyaudio.PyAudio() 14 15 stream = p.open(format=FORMAT, 16 channels=CHANNELS, 17 rate=RATE, 18 input=True, 19 frames_per_buffer=CHUNK) 20 21 print("* recording") 22 23 frames = [] 24 25 for i in range(0, int(RATE / CHUNK * RECORD_SECONDS)): 26 data = stream.read(CHUNK) 27 frames.append(data) 28 29 print("* done recording") 30 31 stream.stop_stream() 32 stream.close() 33 p.terminate() 34 35 wf = wave.open(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME, 'wb') 36 wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS) 37 wf.setsampwidth(p.get_sample_size(FORMAT)) 38 wf.setframerate(RATE) 39 wf.writeframes(b''.join(frames)) 40 wf.close()
官方一个播放上述录制音频的DEMO：
1 """PyAudio Example: Play a WAVE file.""" 2 3 import pyaudio 4 import wave 5 import sys 6 7 CHUNK = 1024 8 9 if len(sys.argv) < 2: 10 print("Plays a wave file. Usage: %s filename.wav" % sys.argv[0]) 11 sys.exit(-1) 12 13 wf = wave.open(sys.argv[1], 'rb') 14 15 p = pyaudio.PyAudio() 16 17 stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(wf.getsampwidth()), 18 channels=wf.getnchannels(), 19 rate=wf.getframerate(), 20 output=True) 21 22 data = wf.readframes(CHUNK) 23 24 while data != '': 25 stream.write(data) 26 data = wf.readframes(CHUNK) 27 28 stream.stop_stream() 29 stream.close() 30 31 p.terminate()
参考链接
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