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  • 谈谈- declare-styleable属性

    在Android开发中,往往要用到自定义的控件来实现我们的需求或效果。在使用自定义 
    控件时,难免要用到自定义属性,那怎么使用自定义属性呢?

    一、简单使用:

     

    1.在文件res/values/下新建attrs.xml属性文件,中定义我们所需要的属性:
    <resources><!-- resource是跟标签,可以在里面定义若干个declare-styleable -->
    <declare-styleable name="custom_view"><!-- name定义了变量的名称 -->
        <attr name="custom_color" format="color"></attr> <!-- 定义对应的属性,name定义了属性的名称 -->
        <attr name="custom_size" format="dimension"></attr> <!--每一个发生要定义format指定其类型,类型包括 
          reference   表示引用,参考某一资源ID
          string   表示字符串
          color   表示颜色值
          dimension   表示尺寸值
          boolean   表示布尔值
          integer   表示整型值
          float   表示浮点值
          fraction   表示百分数
          enum   表示枚举值
          flag   表示位运算
        -->
    </declare-styleable>
     

    2.在布局中使用:

    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        xmlns:ldm="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.ldm.learn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:background="#f6f6f6"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:padding="10dp" >
    
        <com.ldm.learn.CustomTextView
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:text="自定义TextView"
            ldm:custom_color="#333333"
            ldm:custom_size="35sp" />
    
    </LinearLayout>

    2.在代码中引用:
    public class CustomTextView extends TextView {
     private int textSize;//自定义文件大小

         private int textColor;//自定义文字颜色

        //自定义属性,会调用带两个参数的构造方法
        public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
               super(context, attrs);
               TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.custom_view);//TypedArray属性对象
                textSize = ta.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_size, 20);//获取属性对象中对应的属性值
               textColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_color, 0x0000ff);
               setColorAndSize(textColor, textSize);//设置属性
               ta.recycle();
    }

       public CustomTextView(Context context){

               super(context);

    }

       private void setColorAndSize(int textColor, int textSize){

               setTextColor(textColor);

              setTextSize(textSize);

    }

     

    }

     

     

     

    二、declare-styleable属性详解:

     

    1. reference:参考某一资源ID。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                       <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                 <ImageView

                         android:layout_width = "42dip"
                         android:layout_height = "42dip"
                         android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                         />

    2. color:颜色值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                       <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <TextView

                         android:layout_width = "42dip"
                         android:layout_height = "42dip"
                         android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                         />

    3. boolean:布尔值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                       <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <Button

                        android:layout_width = "42dip"
                        android:layout_height = "42dip"

                        android:focusable = "true"

                        />

    4. dimension:尺寸值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                       <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <Button

                        android:layout_width = "42dip"
                        android:layout_height = "42dip"

                        />

    5. float:浮点值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                       <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                       <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <alpha
                       android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                       android:toAlpha = "0.7"

                       />

    6. integer:整型值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                       <attr name = "visible" />
                       <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                       <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                       <attr name = "pivotX" />
                       <attr name = "pivotY" />
                       <attr name = "drawable" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <animated-rotate

                       xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
                       android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" 
                       android:pivotX = "50%" 
                       android:pivotY = "50%" 
                       android:framesCount = "12" 
                       android:frameDuration = "100"

                       />

    7. string:字符串。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                       <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                        android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                        android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                        android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                        />

    8. fraction:百分数。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                       <attr name = "visible" />
                       <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                       <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                       <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                       <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                       <attr name = "drawable" />
                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <rotate

                       xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                   android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                       android:fromDegrees = "0"
                   android:toDegrees = "360"

                       android:pivotX = "200%"

                       android:pivotY = "300%"
                   android:duration = "5000"

                       android:repeatMode = "restart"

                       android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                       />

    9. enum:枚举值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name="名称">
                       <attr name="orientation">
                              <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                              <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                       </attr>           

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                <LinearLayout

                        xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                        android:orientation = "vertical"
                        android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                        android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                        >
                </LinearLayout>

    10. flag:位或运算。

         (1)属性定义:

                 <declare-styleable name="名称">
                        <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                                <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                                <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                                <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                                <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                                <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                                <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                                <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                                <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                                <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                                <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                         </attr>        

                 </declare-styleable>

         (2)属性使用:

                <activity

                       android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                       android:label = "@string/app_name"
                       android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden">
                       <intent-filter>
                              <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                              <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                       </intent-filter>
                 </activity>

    特别要注意:

         属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。

        (1)属性定义:

                <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                       <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

                </declare-styleable>

        (2)属性使用:

                 <ImageView

                         android:layout_width = "42dip"
                         android:layout_height = "42dip"
                         android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

                         />

    转载:http://blog.csdn.net/langxinlen/article/details/50343175

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zly1022/p/7526198.html
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