MySQL学习笔记六：基本DML操作

1.查询语句，语法如下：

SELECT
    [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
      [HIGH_PRIORITY]
      [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
      [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT
      [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
    select_expr [, select_expr ...]
    [FROM table_references
    [WHERE where_condition]
    [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
    [HAVING where_condition]
    [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
      [ASC | DESC], ...]
    [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
    [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
    [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
        [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
        export_options
      | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
      | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
    [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]

例如：

"select songs.songId from (songs,songers,songtags,languages) left join albums_songs on songs.songid=albums_songs.songid 
                left join album on albums_songs.albumid=album.albumid where songs.songTagId=songtags.songTagId and songs.songerid = songers.songerid and songs.lanid=languages.lanid 
                and concat(songName,songerName,ifnull(`desc`,''),ifnull(albumName,''),tagContent) like '%$keyword%' and songs.songId not in(select songid from usrdislikesong where usrId=$uid)
                ";

2.插入操作，使用insert语句，例如：

insert into tb_1(id) values (3);  or  
insert into tb_1 select * from tb_2

3.更新操作，使用update语句，例如：

update songs set songName='$songName',songTagId=$tagId,songerId=$songerId,lanId=$lanId,countryAreaId=$areaId where songId=$id

4.删除记录，使用delete操作，例如

delete from songs where songId=$id

5.如果一张表的记录非常大，要将其记录全部删除，可以使用下面的语句

truncate table student  -----使用delete语句效率会比较低------

 6.对于各种连接，子查询，排序，分组的查询都是基于以上的语句，结合官方文档就可明白。

子查询

select songId,songSrc,songName from songs where songId=$songid and songs.songId not in(select songid from usrdislikesong where usrId=$uid)

排序

select * from users order by usrid desc limit 10; ---desc 降序 asc 升序---

分组

select count(id) from users_info group by usrGender;