使用poi解决导出excel内下拉框枚举项较多的问题

废话少说，直接上代码：

package com.fst.attachment.controller;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class TestPOIDropDown {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 创建枚举项
        int len = 200;
        String[] datas = new String[len];
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            datas[i] = i + "我是下拉框枚举项---";
        }

        // ----------------生成--------------------------------
        // 方法一：使用createExplicitListConstraint实现，缺陷为：
        // 只能满足较少枚举项的下拉框，最好不要超过20个，具体个数根据枚举字段长度而定。
        // Workbook workbook = HSSFSetDropDown(datas);
        // Workbook workbook = XSSFSetDropDown(datas);
        // Workbook workbook = SXSSFSetDropDown(datas);
        /*
         * 简单比较HSSF、XSSF、SXSSF： - 由于新的XSSF支持Excel 2007 OOXML（.xlsx）文件是基于XML的，
         * 因此处理它们的内存占用量高于旧版HSSF支持的（.xls）二进制文件。 -
         * SXSSF（3.8-beta3之后支持）在生成非常大的电子表格时使用， 相较于XSSF,其在某个时间点只能访问有限数量的行。
         * http://poi.apache.org/components/spreadsheet/
         */

        // 方法二：使用createFormulaListConstraint实现，其适用于较多枚举项的下拉框，
        // 实现步骤大致为：创建一个隐藏的sheet，并往里放入枚举项，然后在第一个sheet内增加关联关系
        Workbook workbook = XSSFSetDropDownAndHidden(datas);

        // 输出
        FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream("d:\testDropDown.xlsx");
        workbook.write(stream);
        stream.close();
    }
    

    /**
     * 使用createFormulaListConstraint实现下拉框
     * @param formulaString
     * @return
     */
    public static Workbook XSSFSetDropDownAndHidden(String[] formulaString) {
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
        // 创建sheet，写入枚举项
        Sheet hideSheet = workbook.createSheet("hiddenSheet");
        for (int i = 0; i < formulaString.length; i++) {
            hideSheet.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
        }
        // 创建名称，可被其他单元格引用
        Name category1Name = workbook.createName();
        category1Name.setNameName("hidden");
        // 设置名称引用的公式
        // 使用像'A1：B1'这样的相对值会导致在Microsoft Excel中使用工作簿时名称所指向的单元格的意外移动，
        // 通常使用绝对引用，例如'$A$1:$B$1'可以避免这种情况。
        // 参考： http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
        category1Name.setRefersToFormula("hiddenSheet!" + "$A$1:$A$" + formulaString.length);
        // 获取上文名称内数据
        DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
        DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createFormulaListConstraint("hidden");
        // 设置下拉框位置
        CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
        DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
        // 处理Excel兼容性问题
        if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
            // 数据校验
            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        } else {
            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
        }
        // 作用在目标sheet上
        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
        // 设置hiddenSheet隐藏
        workbook.setSheetHidden(1, true);
        return workbook;
    }
    

    /**
     * 使用较早版本的 HSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，系统抛异常。
     * 
     * @param formulaString
     * 
     */
    public static Workbook HSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
        // 加载下拉列表内容
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
        // 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
        // 数据有效性对象
        DataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
        return workbook;
    }

    /**
     * 使用 XSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框，多用来处理xlsx后缀的excel 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，文件打不开。
     * 
     * @param formulaString
     * 
     */
    public static Workbook XSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
        XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
        XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper
                .createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
        CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
        XSSFDataValidation validation = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
            addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(i, i, 0, 0);
            validation = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, addressList);
            // 07默认setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            // validation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            // validation.setShowErrorBox(true);
            sheet.addValidationData(validation);
        }
        return workbook;
    }

    /**
     * 使用 SXSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，文件打不开。
     * 
     * @param formulaString
     * 
     */
    public static Workbook SXSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
        SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
        // 加载下拉列表内容
        DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
        DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 设置下拉框位置
        CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
        addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 500, 0, 0);
        DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
        // 处理Excel兼容性问题
        if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
            // 数据校验
            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        } else {
            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
        }
        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
        return workbook;
    }

}

 demo：

package logic.bsc.excelTemplateExport;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import logic.oec.OecToExcel;
import logic.pxks.ExcelOut;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFName;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import com.usrObj.User;
import com.yunhe.tools.Dates;
import com.yunhe.tools.Excels;
import com.yunhe.tools.Htmls;


public class ExcelTDSExport extends HttpServlet {

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * Constructor of the object.
     */
    public ExcelTDSExport() {
        super();
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * Destruction of the servlet. <br>
     */
    public void destroy() {
        super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
        // Put your code here
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
     *
     * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
     * 
     * @param request the request send by the client to the server
     * @param response the response send by the server to the client
     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
     * @throws IOException if an error occurred
     */
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
           
        
        
        
        
         String[] formulaString = new String[] {"维持","恢复","调整","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"};
        
         
         XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
         XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
            // 创建sheet，写入枚举项
         XSSFSheet hideSheet = wb.createSheet("hiddenSheet");
            for (int i = 0; i < formulaString.length; i++) {
                hideSheet.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
            }
            // 创建名称，可被其他单元格引用
            XSSFName  category1Name = wb.createName();
            category1Name.setNameName("hidden");
            // 设置名称引用的公式
            // 使用像'A1：B1'这样的相对值会导致在Microsoft Excel中使用工作簿时名称所指向的单元格的意外移动，
            // 通常使用绝对引用，例如'$A$1:$B$1'可以避免这种情况。
            // 参考： http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
            category1Name.setRefersToFormula("hiddenSheet!" + "$A$1:$A$" + formulaString.length);
            // 获取上文名称内数据
            DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
            DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createFormulaListConstraint("hidden");
            // 设置下拉框位置
            CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
            DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
            // 处理Excel兼容性问题
            if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
                // 数据校验
                dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
                dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
            } else {
                dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
            }
            // 作用在目标sheet上
            sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
            // 设置hiddenSheet隐藏
            wb.setSheetHidden(1, true);

         
         
        
//        //工作区     
//        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();     
//        XSSFSheet sheet= wb.createSheet("test");    
//        //如果循环超过10172次，则报内存溢出，有谁循环超过10万次不报错，麻烦请告诉我，这样是因为可以一次性导出大量数据  
//        for(int i=0;i<2;i++){  
//            //创建第一个sheet     
//            //生成第一行     
//            XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i);     
//            //给这一行的第一列赋值     
//            row.createCell(0).setCellValue("column1");     
//            //给这一行的第一列赋值     
//            row.createCell(1).setCellValue("column2");
//        } 
//
//        
//      
//        //String[] formulaString = new String[] {"维持","恢复","调整","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"};
//        XSSFSheet category1Hidden = wb.createSheet("hideSheet"); // 创建隐藏域
//        for (int i = 0, length = formulaString.length; i < length; i++) { // 循环赋值（为了防止下拉框的行数与隐藏域的行数相对应来获取>=选中行数的数组，将隐藏域加到结束行之后）
//            category1Hidden.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
//        } 
//        
        
        
        
//      //加载下拉列表内容
//        DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
//        DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
//        //设置下拉框位置
//        CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
//        addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 10, 1, 1);
//        DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
//        //处理Excel兼容性问题
//        if(dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation){
//            //数据校验
//            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
//            dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
//        }else{
//            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
//        }
//        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);

        
        
        
        
        
        String fileHeader = "abc";
        if(fileHeader==null||fileHeader.length()==0){
            fileHeader = "";
        }
        String fullname = fileHeader + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".xlsx";// 生成文件名
        if (request.getHeader("User-Agent").indexOf("MSIE 5.5") != -1) {
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "filename=" + fullname);
        } else {
            response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
                    + fullname);
        }

        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/msexcel");
        ServletOutputStream streamOut = null;

        try {
            streamOut = response.getOutputStream();
            wb.write(streamOut);// 将数据写入输出流
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (streamOut != null) {
                try {
                    streamOut.close();
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                }
            }
        }

        response.setStatus(response.SC_OK);

        try {
            response.flushBuffer();// 推送
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
       
        
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
     *
     * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
     * 
     * @param request the request send by the client to the server
     * @param response the response send by the server to the client
     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
     * @throws IOException if an error occurred
     */
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        doGet(request, response);
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * The doPut method of the servlet. <br>
     *
     * This method is called when a HTTP put request is received.
     * 
     * @param request the request send by the client to the server
     * @param response the response send by the server to the client
     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
     * @throws IOException if an error occurred
     */
    public void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        // Put your code here
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * Returns information about the servlet, such as 
     * author, version, and copyright. 
     *
     * @return String information about this servlet
     */
    public String getServletInfo() {
        return "This is my default servlet created by Eclipse";
    }

    /** 转码成 UTF-8
     * Initialization of the servlet. <br>
     *
     * @throws ServletException if an error occurs
     */
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        // Put your code here
    }

}

参考
http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
http://poi.apache.org/components/spreadsheet/
最后
转帖请注明出处，谢谢
---------------------
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fei565789229/article/details/85016091