python--格式化输出，for循环，range

格式化输出

%s: 字符串的占位符, 可以放置任何内容(数字)

%d: 数字的占位符

name = "zouzou"
print("%s活了人生的%%2" % name)  # 如果字符串中有了占位符. 那么后面的所有的%都是占位. 需要转义,用%转义
print("邹邹活了人生的%5")  # 这句话中没有占位符. %还是%

结果：

zouzou活了人生的%2
邹邹活了人生的%5

name = input('name:')
age = input('age:')
job = input('job:')
salary = input('salary:')
info = '''
----------------info fo %s------------
name:%s
age:%s
job:%s
salary:%s
''' % (name, name, age, job, salary)
print(info)

结果：

name = input('name:')
age = input('age:')
job = input('job:')
salary = input('salary:')
info = '''
----------------info fo {_name}------------
name:{_name}
age:{_age}
job:{_job}
salary:{_salary}
'''.format(_name=name,
           _age=age,
           _job=job,
           _salary=salary)
print(info)

结果：

name = input('name:')
age = input('age:')
job = input('job:')
salary = input('salary:')
info = '''
----------------info fo {0}------------
name:{0}
age:{1}
job:{2}
salary:{3}
'''.format(name, age, job, salary)
print(info)

结果：

 for循环，range

range有一个参数:结束为止

两个参数: 1. 起始位置, 2.结束位置

三个参数: 1. 起始位置, 2. 结束位置. 3.步长

age_of_oldboy = 56
for i in range(3):
    guess_age = int(input('guess age:'))
    if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
        print("yes, you got it. ")
        break
    elif guess_age > age_of_oldboy:
        print("think smaller...")
    else:
        print("thing bigger...")
else:
    print("you have tried too many times...")

当for循环执行三次结束后执行else下的print。如果中途遇到break，就结束，不执行else下的print

for i in range(10):
    print(i)
# 打印出了0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9
for i in range(0, 10, 3):
    print(i)
# 打印出了0，3，6，9，也就是步长为3，默认为1.

age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while count < 3:
    guess_age = int(input('guess age:'))
    if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
        print("yes, you got it. ")
        break
    elif guess_age > age_of_oldboy:
        print("think smaller...")
    else:
        print("thing bigger...")
    count = count + 1
    if count == 3:
        countine_confirm = input('是否需要继续下去，n键退出，其余键继续')
        if countine_confirm != 'n':
            count = 0

当输入错三次是，会提示是否需要继续，如果是n就结束，其余键将count重新赋值0，每三次问一次，输对时直接结束