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  • Linux下安装二进制版mysql-8.0.15

    1、添加用户
    ## 添加用户组
    groupadd mysql
    ## 添加用户,指定用户home目录
    useradd -g mysql mysql -d /data/mysql
    ## 解压下载的mysql二进制包
    tar -xvf mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /data/mysql
    ## 如果需要修改目录名称,mv修改目录名称,不多说明
    ## 因/data目录有比较大的磁盘空间,防止后期数据量太大,导致磁盘空间不够,将mysql的包及相关配置放在/data下
    ## 在/data/mysql的目录下创建mysql-8.0.15目录,将解压的文件都放在了此处,然后将此路径建立软连接到/usr/local/mysql下
    ln -s /data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15 /usr/local/mysql

    2、配置参数文件:
    vim /etc/my.cnf
    修改为以下内容,然后保存即可
    [mysqld]
    server-id=1
    port=3306
    mysqlx_port=22060
    mysqlx_socket=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/mysqlx.sock
    basedir=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15
    datadir=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/data
    socket=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/mysql.sock
    pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/mysqld.pid
    log-error=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/log/error.log
    # slow-query-log=1
    # slow-query-log-file=slow.log
    # long_query_time=0.2
    # log-bin=bin.log
    # relay-log=relay.log
    # binlog_format=ROW
    # relay_log_recovery=1
    character-set-client-handshake=FALSE
    character-set-server=utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
    # innodb_buffer_pool_size=1G
    join_buffer_size=128M
    sort_buffer_size=2M
    read_rnd_buffer_size=2M
    log_timestamps=SYSTEM
    lower_case_table_names=1
    default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
    user=mysql
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0

    3、创建目录授权等:
    cd /data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15
    ## 在mysql下创建运行缓存目录及数据存储目录
    mkdir tmp data
    ## 存放日志
    mkdir tmp/log
    ## 修改所属组和用户为mysql:mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/mysql8.0.15
    ## 可有可无,如果权限不够,加上
    chmod -R 775 /data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15
    ## 软连接/usr/local/mysql执行相同的权限命名
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

    4、初始化数据库:
    #/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15 --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/data --initialize-insecure
    官方推荐使用--initialize,会在错误日志中生成难以输入的临时密码,我这里使用的免密码的方式。

    ##如果使用--initialize,用下一步查询生成的密码,如果用的--initialize-insecure root密码就是空的
    cat /data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/log/error.log | grep -i password
    2018-07-29T02:06:41.253856+08:00 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wquR3-Kxlg1d

    5、设置启动文件和环境变量:
    cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    --启动数据库:
    # /etc/init.d/mysql start
    或 service mysql start

    添加环境变量(或可以直接写到/etc/profile下)
    vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
    输入
    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
    ## 加载环境变量
    source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
    ## 查看mysql版本
    mysqld --version

    ## 登录mysql
    此时需注意,如果不加 -S指定mysql.sock的路径,可能会报错,因为mysql默认会去找/tmp/mysql.sock,因为在配置文件中配置了其他路径,所以在连接的时候找不到对应的mysql.sock需手动指定一下,目前没有解决这个默认路径问题

    mysql -udfs -p -S /data/mysql/mysql-8.0.15/tmp/mysql.sock
    Enter password:
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 7
    Server version: 8.0.12 MySQL Community Server - GPL
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
    mysql> select version();
    +-----------+
    | version() |
    +-----------+
    | 8.0.12 |
    +-----------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    7.设置可以远程登录的账号:
    mysql> show variables like '%valid%pass%';
    Empty set (0.00 sec)
    mysql> create user root@'%' identified by 'oracle';
    ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
    mysql> show variables like '%valid%pass%';
    ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
    ## 因为默认有一个root帐号,所以上面创建root会报错,只需修改其密码和权限即可
    mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'oracle';
    --创建可以远程登录的用户:
    mysql> create user root@'%' identified by 'oracle';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
    mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
    mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'localhost' with grant option;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
    mysql> flush privileges;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    注意:
    上面创建mysql用户后,在远程连接mysql时可能会出出验证问题,在mysql8版本中可能是验证方式有所改变,如果报如下图中的错误,执行后面给出的命令即可


    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'oracle';
    ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'oracle';
    flush privileges;

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zunpeng/p/10678580.html
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