IBM系统监控工具nmon命令详解（2）！

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IBM系统监控工具nmon命令详解（2）！
原文链接http://blog.csdn.net/zq9017197/article/details/7068801

首先看看nmon命令的帮助信息：

[java] view plain copy print?
[root@linux nmon]# ./nmon.sh -h

Hint: nmon.sh [-h] [-s <seconds>] [-c <count>] [-f -d <disks> -t -r <name>] [-x]

        -h            查看完整的说明信息，有两种模式：a、命令行交互式模式 (h) b、对于数据收集模式 (-f)
        -f            电子表格的输出格式 [注意：默认 -s300 -c288] 可选 (300秒*288次=86400秒=60*60*24=1天)
        -s <seconds>  刷新屏幕频率的时间 [默认 2]
        -c <number>   刷新屏幕的次数 [默认 1000000]
        -d <disks>    to increase the number of disks [default 256]
        -t            spreadsheet includes top processes
        -x            capacity planning (每15分钟1天 = -fdt -s 900 -c 96)

版本 - nmon 14g

对于命令行交互式模式
        -s <seconds>  刷新屏幕频率的时间 [默认 2]
        -c <number>   刷新屏幕的次数 [默认 1000000]
        -g <filename> User Defined Disk Groups [hit g to show them]
                      - file = on each line: group_name <disks list> space separated
                      - like: database sdb sdc sdd sde
                      - upto 64 disk groups, 512 disks per line
                      - disks can appear more than once and in many groups
        -b            命令行交互模式的界面是黑色和白色 [默认的颜色]
        例如: nmon.sh -s 1 -c 100 (说明：在命令行交互模式下，每秒钟刷新一次屏幕，总共采集100次)

对于数据收集模式 = 电子表格格式（逗号分隔值）
        Note: use only one of f,F,z,x or X and make it the first argument
        -f            电子表格输出格式 [注意: default -s300 -c288]
                         输出文件是 <hostname>_YYYYMMDD_HHMM.nmon
        -F <filename> 等同于 -f 但是使用用户提供的文件名
        -r <runname>  用于电子表格文件 [default hostname]
        -t            include top processes in the output
        -T            as -t plus saves command line arguments in UARG section
        -s <seconds>  采集数据的时间
        -c <number>   采集数据的次数
        -d <disks>    to increase the number of disks [default 256]
        -l <dpl>      disks/line default 150 to avoid spreadsheet issues. EMC=64.
        -g <filename> User Defined Disk Groups (see above) - see BBBG & DG lines
        -N            include NFS Network File System
        -I <percent>  Include process & disks busy threshold (default 0.1)
                      don't save or show proc/disk using less than this percent
        -m <directory> 生成的数据文件的路径
        例如：在30秒的时间间隔收集的top procs，持续1小时
                 nmon.sh -f -t -r Test1 -s30 -c120

        To load into a spreadsheet:
        sort -A *nmon >stats.csv
        transfer the stats.csv file to your PC
        Start spreadsheet & then Open type=comma-separated-value ASCII file
         The nmon analyser or consolidator does not need the file sorted.

Capacity planning mode - use cron to run each day
        -x            sensible spreadsheet output for CP =  one day
                      每15分钟1天 ( i.e. -ft -s 900 -c 96)
        -X            sensible spreadsheet output for CP = busy hour
                      每30秒1小时 ( i.e. -ft -s 30 -c 120)

交互模式命令
        key --- Toggles to control what is displayed ---
        h   = 联机帮助信息
        r   = 机器类型，机器名，缓存信息和OS版本+LPAR
        c   = CPU处理器统计条形图
        l   = 条形图长期CPU（超过75个快照）
        m   = 内存统计
        L   = 巨大的内存页面统计
        V   = 虚拟内存和交换统计
        k   = 内核内部统计
        n   = 网络统计和错误
        N   = NFS网络文件系统
        d   = 磁盘I/O图
        D   = 磁盘I/O统计
        o   = 磁盘I/O映射（每个磁盘上的一个字符显示它是多么繁忙）
        j   = 文件系统
        t   = 顶级进程统计使用1,3,4,5来选择数据及顺序
        u   = 顶级进程命令的详细信息
        v   = 详细简单的检查 - OK/Warn(警告)/Danger(危险)
        b   = 黑白模式（或使用- b选项）
        .   = 最小模式，即只显示繁忙的磁盘和进程

        key --- Other Controls ---
        +   = 双屏幕刷新时间
        -   = 一半的屏幕刷新时间
        q   = 退出 (also x, e or control-C)
        0   = 零峰计数复位 (峰值 = ">")
        space = 立即刷新屏幕

Startup Control
        If you find you always type the same toggles every time you start
        then place them in the NMON shell variable. For example:
         export NMON=cmdrvtan

Others:
        a) To you want to stop nmon - kill -USR2 <nmon-pid>
        b) Use -p and nmon outputs the background process pid
        c) To limit the processes nmon lists (online and to a file)
           Either set NMONCMD0 to NMONCMD63 to the program names
           or use -C cmd:cmd:cmd etc. example: -C ksh:vi:syncd
        d) If you want to pipe nmon output to other commands use a FIFO:
           mkfifo /tmp/mypipe
           nmon -F /tmp/mypipe &
           grep /tmp/mypipe
        e) If nmon fails please report it with:
           1) nmon version like: 14g
           2) the output of cat /proc/cpuinfo
           3) some clue of what you were doing
           4) I may ask you to run the debug version

        Developer Nigel Griffiths
        Feedback welcome - on the current release only and state exactly the problem
        No warranty given or implied.

在操作系统下面输入如下命令就会进到nmon的监控界面：
[java] view plain copy print?
[root@linux nmon]# ./nmon.sh
+nmon-14g------[H for help]---Hostname=linux--------Refresh= 2secs ---04:22.50-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|  ------------------------------       For help type H or ...                                                                                                                                 |
|  #    #  #    #   ####   #    #        nmon -?  - hint                                                                                                                                       |
|  ##   #  ##  ##  #    #  ##   #        nmon -h  - full                                                                                                                                       |
|  # #  #  # ## #  #    #  # #  #                                                                                                                                                              |
|  #  # #  #    #  #    #  #  # #       To start the same way every time                                                                                                                       |
|  #   ##  #    #  #    #  #   ##        set the NMON ksh variable                                                                                                                             |
|  #    #  #    #   ####   #    #                                                                                                                                                              |
|  ------------------------------                                                                                                                                                              |
|                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|  Use these keys to toggle statistics on/off:                                                                                                                                                 |
|     c = CPU        l = CPU Long-term   - = Faster screen updates                                                                                                                             |
|     m = Memory     j = Filesystems     + = Slower screen updates                                                                                                                             |
|     d = Disks      n = Network         V = Virtual Memory                                                                                                                                    |
|     r = Resource   N = NFS             v = Verbose hints                                                                                                                                     |
|     k = kernel     t = Top-processes   . = only busy disks/procs                                                                                                                             |
|     h = more options                   q = Quit                                                                                                                                              |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
在这里就可以看见一些指令的介绍和一些信息，其中 Refresh= 2secs 就是表示监控界面2秒钟刷新一次，也可以在nmon命令后面跟 -s 参数来指定想要刷新的频率，输入 h 可以看见更详细指令的介绍：
[java] view plain copy print?
+nmon-14g------[H for help]---Hostname=linux--------Refresh= 2secs ---04:27.49-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| HELP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|     key  --- statistics which toggle on/off ---                                                                                                                                              |
|     h = This help information                                                                                                                                                                |
|     r = RS6000/pSeries CPU/cache/OS/kernel/hostname details + LPAR                                                                                                                           |
|     t = Top Process Stats 1=basic 3=CPU                                                                                                                                                      |
|         u = shows command arguments (hit twice to refresh)                                                                                                                                   |
|     c = CPU by processor             l = longer term CPU averages                                                                                                                            |
|     m = Memory & Swap stats L=Huge   j = JFS Usage Stats                                                                                                                                     |
|     n = Network stats                N = NFS                                                                                                                                                 |
|     d = Disk I/O Graphs D=Stats      o = Disks %Busy Map                                                                                                                                     |
|     k = Kernel stats & loadavg       V = Virtual Memory                                                                                                                                      |
|     g = User Defined Disk Groups [start nmon with -g <filename>]                                                                                                                             |
|     v = Verbose Simple Checks - OK/Warnings/Danger                                                                                                                                           |
|     b = black & white mode                                                                                                                                                                   |
|     --- controls ---                                                                                                                                                                         |
|     + and - = double or half the screen refresh time                                                                                                                                         |
|     q = quit                     space = refresh screen now                                                                                                                                  |
|     . = Minimum Mode =display only busy disks and processes                                                                                                                                  |
|     0 = reset peak counts to zero (peak = ">")                                                                                                                                               |
|     Developer Nigel Griffiths see http://nmon.sourceforge.net                                                                                                                                |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
在这里可以看见所有输入的指令，以及会看到什么内容，这里要说一下在nmon中输入一次 h 会看见帮助信息，在敲一次 h 就会取消显示了，其它指令也同理，这里输入 r （机器类型，机器名，缓存信息和OS版本+LPAR）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Linux and Processor Details -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|    Linux: Linux version 2.6.18-164.el5 (mockbuild@x86-002.build.bos.redhat.com)                                                                                                              |
|    Build: (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46))                                                                                                                                    |
|    Release  : 2.6.18-164.el5                                                                                                                                                                 |
|    Version  : #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009                                                                                                                                            |
|    cpuinfo: model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2310M CPU @ 2.10GHz                                                                                                                            |
|    cpuinfo: vendor_id : GenuineIntel                                                                                                                                                         |
|    cpuinfo: cpu MHz  : 2093.260                                                                                                                                                              |
|    cpuinfo: bogomips : 4186.52                                                                                                                                                               |
|    # of CPUs: 1       --1颗cpu                                                                                                                                                               |
|    Machine  : i686                                                                                                                                                                           |
|    Nodename : linux   --hostname                                                                                                                                                             |
|    /etc/*ease[1]: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)               --操作系统版本                                                                                         |
|    /etc/*ease[2]: (null)                                                                                                                                                                     |
|    /etc/*ease[3]: (null)                                                                                                                                                                     |
|    /etc/*ease[4]: (null)                                                                                                                                                                     |
|    lsb_release: Distributor ID:        RedHatEnterpriseServer                                                                                                                                |
|    lsb_release: Description:   Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)                                                                                                         |
|    lsb_release: Release:       5.4                                                                                                                                                           |
|    lsb_release: Codename:      Tikanga                                                                                                                                                       |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
在这里看见一些主机和操作系统的信息，再敲一次 r 就会取消显示了，然后输入 t （顶级进程统计使用1,3,4,5来选择数据及顺序），然后再按数字 5 ：
[csharp] view plain copy print?
| Top Processes Procs=85 mode=5 (1=Basic, 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/O)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|  PID       %CPU    Size     Res    Res     Res     Res    Shared    Faults  Command                                                                                                          |
|             Used      KB     Set    Text    Data     Lib    KB     Min   Maj                                                                                                                 |
|     4050     0.5   12748   10548     108   10896       0   832     84      0 nmon.sh                                                                                                         |
|        1     0.0    2072     624      32     280       0   532      0      0 init                                                                                                            |
|        2     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 migration/0                                                                                                     |
|        3     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 ksoftirqd/0                                                                                                     |
|        4     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 watchdog/0                                                                                                      |
|        5     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 events/0                                                                                                        |
|        6     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 khelper                                                                                                         |
|        7     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 kthread                                                                                                         |
|       10     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 kblockd/0                                                                                                       |
|       11     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 kacpid                                                                                                          |
|       67     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 cqueue/0                                                                                                        |
|       70     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 khubd                                                                                                           |
|       72     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 kseriod                                                                                                         |
|      136     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 pdflush                                                                                                         |
|      137     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 pdflush                                                                                                         |
|      138     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 kswapd0                                                                                                         |
|      139     0.0       0       0       0       0       0     0      0      0 aio/0                                                                                                           |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
注意这个 mode=5 表示就是按I/O来排序了，这里还可以选择其它（1、3、4、5）方式排序，这里可以看见系统有85个进程（Procs=85），5就是按占用的cpu来排的降序，接着输入 u （顶级进程命令的详细信息）：
[csharp] view plain copy print?
| Top Processes Procs=85 mode=5 (1=Basic, 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/O)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|  PID    %CPU ResSize    Command                                             Command                                                                                                          |
|          Used      KB                                                                                                                                                                        |
|    4050   1.0   10660 ./nmon.sh                                                                                                                                                              |
|       1   0.0     624 init [3]                                                                                                                                                               |
|       2   0.0       0 [migration/0]                                                                                                                                                          |
|       3   0.0       0 [ksoftirqd/0]                                                                                                                                                          |
|       4   0.0       0 [watchdog/0]                                                                                                                                                           |
|       5   0.0       0 [events/0]                                                                                                                                                             |
|       6   0.0       0 [khelper]                                                                                                                                                              |
|       7   0.0       0 [kthread]                                                                                                                                                              |
|      10   0.0       0 [kblockd/0]                                                                                                                                                            |
|      11   0.0       0 [kacpid]                                                                                                                                                               |
|      67   0.0       0 [cqueue/0]                                                                                                                                                             |
|      70   0.0       0 [khubd]                                                                                                                                                                |
|      72   0.0       0 [kseriod]                                                                                                                                                              |
|     136   0.0       0 [pdflush]                                                                                                                                                              |
|     137   0.0       0 [pdflush]                                                                                                                                                              |
|     138   0.0       0 [kswapd0]                                                                                                                                                              |
|     139   0.0       0 [aio/0]                                                                                                                                                                |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
以上信息都很直观，我就不在多说了，接着看 c （CPU处理器统计条形图）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| CPU Utilisation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|---------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+                                                                                                                |
|CPU  User%  Sys% Wait% Idle|0          |25         |50          |75       100|                                                                                                                |
|  1   0.0   0.0   0.0 100.0| >                                               |                                                                                                                |
|---------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+                                                                                                                |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
从上面可以看见系统非常闲（Idle=100%），其中“>”代表的是系统最高cpu的使用峰值，如果按数字0就会重置峰值为0了，接着看 l   （条形图长期CPU）：

[sql] view plain copy print?
| CPU +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+                                                                                                              |
|100%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 95%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 90%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 85%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 80%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 75%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 70%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 65%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 60%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 55%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 50%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 45%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 40%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 35%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 30%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 25%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 20%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 15%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 10%-|          |                                                                                                                                                                             |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
也是cpu使用情况的另一种显示，其中“|”和上面的“>”原理一样，接着看 m（内存统计）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Memory Stats ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|                RAM     High      Low     Swap    Page Size=4 KB                                                                                                                              |
| Total MB       503.3      0.0    503.3   1027.6                                                                                                                                              |
| Free  MB       192.3      0.0    192.3   1027.6                                                                                                                                              |
| Free Percent    38.2%     0.0%    38.2%   100.0%                                                                                                                                             |
|             MB                  MB                  MB                                                                                                                                       |
|                      Cached=   200.6     Active=   107.4                                                                                                                                     |
| Buffers=    46.4 Swapcached=     0.0  Inactive =   169.7                                                                                                                                     |
| Dirty  =     0.2 Writeback =     0.0  Mapped   =     9.5                                                                                                                                     |
| Slab   =    26.8 Commit_AS =   130.0 PageTables=     1.3                                                                                                                                     |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
从上面可以看见swap还100%没有使用，物理内存ram空闲38.2%，接着看 L （巨大的内存页面统计）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
Large (Huge) Page Stats -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|  There are no Huge Pages                                                                                                                                                                     |
|  - see /proc/meminfo                                                                                                                                                                         |
|                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
这个东西我也没看太明白，接着看 j （文件系统）：
[sql] view plain copy print?
| Filesystems -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|Filesystem            SizeMB  FreeMB  Use% Type     MountPoint                                                                                                                                |
|/dev/sda3              48502   36378   21% ext3     /                                                                                                                                         |
|/proc                      -       -     - proc     not a real filesystem                                                                                                                     |
|/sys                       -       -     - sysfs    not a real filesystem                                                                                                                     |
|/dev/pts                   -       -     - devpts   not a real filesystem                                                                                                                     |
|/dev/sda1                 99      82   12% ext3     /boot                                                                                                                                     |
|/dev/shm                   -       -     - tmpfs    not a real filesystem                                                                                                                     |
|/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc   -       -     - binfmt_m not a real filesystem                                                                                                                     |
|/var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs                    rpc_pipe size=zero blocks!                                                                                                                         |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
这里可以看见磁盘的使用情况，非常直观，接着看 n （网络统计和错误）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Network I/O -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|I/F Name Recv=KB/s Trans=KB/s packin packout insize outsize Peak->Recv Trans                                                                                                                  |
|      lo     0.0     0.0       0.0      0.0     0.0    0.0        0.2     0.2                                                                                                                 |
|    eth0     0.0     0.1       0.5      0.5    60.0  218.0       52.4    99.0                                                                                                                 |
|    sit0     0.0     0.0       0.0      0.0     0.0    0.0        0.0     0.0                                                                                                                 |
| Network Error Counters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|I/F Name iErrors iDrop iOverrun iFrame oErrors   oDrop oOverrun oCarrier oColls                                                                                                               |
|      lo       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0                                                                                                              |
|    eth0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0                                                                                                              |
|    sit0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0       0                                                                                                              |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 N （NFS网络文件系统）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Network Filesystem (NFS) I/O Operations per second --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
| Version 2       Client   Server         Version 3      Client   Server                                                                                                                       |
|           null      0.0      0.0                null      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|        getattr      0.0      0.0             getattr      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|        setattr      0.0      0.0             setattr      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|           root      0.0      0.0              lookup      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|         lookup      0.0      0.0              access      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|       readlink      0.0      0.0            readlink      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|           read      0.0      0.0                read      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|        wrcache      0.0      0.0               write      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|          write      0.0      0.0              create      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|         create      0.0      0.0               mkdir      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|         remove      0.0      0.0             symlink      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|         rename      0.0      0.0               mknod      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|           link      0.0      0.0              remove      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|        symlink      0.0      0.0               rmdir      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|          mkdir      0.0      0.0              rename      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|          rmdir      0.0      0.0                link      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|        readdir      0.0      0.0             readdir      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
|         fsstat      0.0      0.0         readdirplus      0.0      0.0                                                                                                                       |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
接着看 d （磁盘I/O图）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Disk I/O --/proc/diskstats----mostly in KB/s-----Warning:contains duplicates-------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|DiskName Busy  Read WriteKB|0          |25         |50          |75       100|                                                                                                                |
|sda        0%    0.0    0.0|>                                                |                                                                                                                |
|sda1       0%    0.0    0.0|>                                                |                                                                                                                |
|sda2       0%    0.0    0.0|>                                                |                                                                                                                |
|sda3       0%    0.0    0.0|>                                                |                                                                                                                |
|Totals Read-MB/s=0.0      Writes-MB/s=0.0      Transfers/sec=0.0                                                                                                                              |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 D （磁盘I/O统计）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
Disk I/O --/proc/diskstats----mostly in KB/s-----Warning:contains duplicates-------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|DiskName Busy    Read    Write       Xfers   Size  Peak%  Peak-RW    InFlight                                                                                                                 |
|sda        0%      0.0      0.0KB/s    0.0   0.0KB    0%       8.0KB/s   0   |                                                                                                                |
|sda1       0%      0.0      0.0KB/s    0.0   0.0KB    0%       0.0KB/s   0   |                                                                                                                |
|sda2       0%      0.0      0.0KB/s    0.0   0.0KB    0%       0.0KB/s   0   |                                                                                                                |
|sda3       0%      0.0      0.0KB/s    0.0   0.0KB    0%       8.0KB/s   0   |                                                                                                                |
|Totals Read-MB/s=0.0      Writes-MB/s=0.0      Transfers/sec=0.0                                                                                                                              |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 o （磁盘I/O映射）：

[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Disk %Busy Map --Key: @=90 #=80 X=70 8=60 O=50 0=40 o=30 +=20 -=10 .=5 _=0%--------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|             Disk No.  1         2         3         4         5         6                                                                                                                    |
|Disks=4      0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123                                                                                                                 |
|disk 0 to 63 ____                                                                                                                                                                             |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 k （内核内部统计）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Kernel Stats ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
| RunQueue              1   Load Average    CPU use since boot time                                                                                                                            |
| ContextSwitch   30228.5    1 mins  0.00    Uptime Days=  0 Hours= 2 Mins=29                                                                                                                  |
| Forks              25.9    5 mins  0.00    Idle   Days=  0 Hours= 2 Mins=28                                                                                                                  |
| Interrupts     738415.7   15 mins  0.00    Average CPU use=  0.98%                                                                                                                           |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 V （虚拟内存和交换统计）：

[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Virtual-Memory --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
|nr_dirty    =        0 pgpgin      =       0                High Normal    DMA                                                                                                                |
|nr_writeback=        0 pgpgout     =       0  alloc            0      0      0                                                                                                                |
|nr_unstable =        0 pgpswpin    =       0  refill           0      0      0                                                                                                                |
|nr_table_pgs=      330 pgpswpout   =       0  steal            0      0      0                                                                                                                |
|nr_mapped   =     2438 pgfree      =       0  scan_kswapd      0      0      0                                                                                                                |
|nr_slab     =     6852 pgactivate  =       0  scan_direct      0      0      0                                                                                                                |
|                       pgdeactivate=       0                                                                                                                                                  |
|allocstall  =        0 pgfault     =       7  kswapd_steal     =      0                                                                                                                       |
|pageoutrun  =        0 pgmajfault  =       0  kswapd_inodesteal=      0                                                                                                                       |
|slabs_scanned=       0 pgrotated   =       0  pginodesteal     =      0                                                                                                                       |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
接着看 v （详细简单的检查）：
[cpp] view plain copy print?
| Verbose Mode ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
| Code    Resource            Stats   Now        Warn    Danger                                                                                                                                |
|     OK -> CPU               %busy   0.0%       >80%    >90%                                                                                                                                  |
|     OK -> Top Disk          %busy   0.0%       >40%    >60%                                                                                                                                  |
|                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| HELP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                        |
这里显示了cpu和disk的一个诊断信息，Warn(警告)/Danger(危险)，可以看见cpu大于80%就是警告，大于90%就是危险，disk同理如下。 nmon工具可以收集非常详细的系统信息，不过通常用的更多的是采样信息，来生成报表！！！
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zuola/p/6423186.html