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  • 我写的一个ExcelHelper通用类,可用于读取或生成数据

    读取或生成EXCEL数据的方法有很多,一般常见的有:

    1.通过OFFICE EXCEL组件,优点:读取与生成EXCEL文件方便,缺点:服务器上必须安装OFFICE软件,且进程无法及时释放

    2.通过第三方组件(比如:NPOI),优点:无需安装OFFICE软件,缺点:需要引入第三方组件,当然这个还是比较强的

    3.通过把EXCEL当成数据库,连接后运用SQL语句读取,写入的话就自行拼接成HTML表格,优点:无需另外的组件,缺点:需要会SQL及拼接HTML表格较麻烦;

    三种方法我都有用过,若开发BS网站程序,建议采用第二种、第三种方法,若开发CS结构,建议采用第一种或第二种;

    以下是我针对BS端写的一个ExcelHelper通用类,可用于读取或生成数据,比较方便,技术原理是上述的第三种方法,代码如下,可能存在缺陷,高手见谅:

    namespace ASOTS.Models
    {
        public abstract class ExcelHelper
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取EXCEL中指定sheet内容
            /// </summary>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static DataTable GetTableFromExcel(string filePath, string fileExt, string tableName, int colsCount)
            {
                string connstr = null;
                if (fileExt == ".xls")
                {
                    connstr = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1'";
                }
                else
                {
                    connstr = "Provider = Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0 ; Data Source =" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1'";
                }
    
                using (OleDbConnection excelConn = new OleDbConnection(connstr))
                {
                    excelConn.Open();
    
                    //获取EXCEL架构信息
                    DataTable schemaTable = excelConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new Object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
    
                    //判断指定sheet名是否存在
                    DataView schemaView = new DataView(schemaTable);
                    schemaView.RowFilter = "TABLE_NAME='" + tableName + "$'";
                    schemaTable = schemaView.ToTable();
    
                    if (schemaTable != null && schemaTable.Rows.Count > 0)
                    {
                        DataTable schemaTable_Cols = excelConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, tableName + "$", null });
                        schemaView = new DataView(schemaTable_Cols);
                        schemaView.RowFilter = "ORDINAL_POSITION<=" + colsCount.ToString();
                        schemaView.Sort = "ORDINAL_POSITION asc";
                        schemaTable_Cols = schemaView.ToTable();
                        string selectCols = "";
                        for (int i = 0; i < schemaTable_Cols.Rows.Count; i++)
                        {
                            selectCols += "," + schemaTable_Cols.Rows[i]["COLUMN_NAME"].ToString();
                        }
    
                        selectCols = selectCols.Substring(1);
    
                        //查询sheet中的数据
                        string strSql = "select " + selectCols + " from [" + tableName + "$]";
                        OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(strSql, excelConn);
                        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                        da.Fill(ds, tableName);
                        excelConn.Close();
                        return ds.Tables[tableName];
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        excelConn.Close();
                        return null;
                    }
                }
    
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 将数据模型集合对象生成HTML表格字符串
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="data"></param>
            /// <param name="tableAttributes"></param>
            /// <param name="headers"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static string SetDataToHtmlTable(IEnumerable data, string tableAttributes, params KeyValuePair<string, string>[] headers)
            {
                StringBuilder htmlTableBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<table {0}>", tableAttributes);
    
                if (data.GetEnumerator().Current == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception("没有获取到任何数据!");
                }
    
                Type t = data.GetEnumerator().Current.GetType();
    
                string[] cellIndexs = new string[headers.Count()];
    
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("<tr>");
                for (int i = 0; i < headers.Count(); i++)
                {
                    cellIndexs[i] = headers[i].Key;
                    htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<th>{0}</th>", headers[i].Value);
                }
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("</tr>");
    
                foreach (var item in data)
                {
                    htmlTableBuilder.Append("<tr>");
                    for (int i = 0; i < cellIndexs.Length; i++)
                    {
                        object pValue = t.GetProperty(cellIndexs[i]).GetValue(item, null);
                        htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<td>{0}</td>", pValue);
                    }
                    htmlTableBuilder.Append("</tr>");
                }
    
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("</table>");
    
                return htmlTableBuilder.ToString();
            }
    
    
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 将DataTable对象生成HTML表格字符串
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="data"></param>
            /// <param name="tableAttributes"></param>
            /// <param name="headers"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static string SetDataToHtmlTable(DataTable dataTable, string tableAttributes, params KeyValuePair<string, string>[] headers)
            {
                StringBuilder htmlTableBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<table {0}>", tableAttributes);
    
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("<tr>");
                for (int i = 0; i < headers.Count(); i++)
                {
                    htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<th>{0}</th>", headers[i].Value);
                }
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("</tr>");
    
                foreach (DataRow row in dataTable.Rows)
                {
                    htmlTableBuilder.Append("<tr>");
                    for (int i = 0; i < headers.Count(); i++)
                    {
                        htmlTableBuilder.AppendFormat("<td>{0}</td>", row[headers[i].Key]);
                    }
                    htmlTableBuilder.Append("</tr>");
                }
    
                htmlTableBuilder.Append("</table>");
    
                return htmlTableBuilder.ToString();
            }
    
        }
    
        public class KeyValueList<TKey, TValue> : List<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>
        {
            public void Add(TKey key, TValue value)
            {
                base.Add(new KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>(key, value));
            }
        }
    }

    调用方法如下:

    //读数据
    DataTable resultTable = ExcelHelper.GetTableFromExcel(saveFilePath, fileExt, "data", 10);
    
    //生成表格(以下是MVC调用,WEBFORM同理)
    KeyValueList<string, string> headers = new KeyValueList<string, string>() { 
                            {"year","年 份"},
                            {"month","月 份"},
                            {"stage1count","一 阶"},
                            {"stage2count","二 阶"},
                            {"stage3count","三 阶"},
                            {"stage4count","四 阶"},
                            {"yearincount","一年内进厂"},
                            {"stagetotalcount","基盘客户总数"},
                            {"stage1rate","一阶占比"},
                            {"stage2rate","二阶占比"},
                            {"stage3rate","三阶占比"},
                            {"stage4rate","四阶占比"}
                    };
    
                    string tableAttributes = "border='1' cellspacing='3' cellpadding='3'";
    
                    string htmlTable=ExcelHelper.SetDataToHtmlTable(model, tableAttributes, headers.ToArray());
                    byte[] b = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(htmlTable);
    
                    return File(b, "application/vnd.ms-excel", string.Format("StageSummary_{0}_{1}_{2}.xls",orgcode,startym,endym));

    其中:KeyValueList是我创建的一个集合类,主要用于生成表头,以及表头与数据列对应,之所以写成类,是因为若直接使用:List<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>>,则无法直接使用集合初始化器,就必需得一个一个的添加对象,有些繁琐,增加了ADD方法后,就可以直接用:new KeyValueList<string, string>() {{"",""},...}很方便,有人可能说为什么不用SortedDictionary等现有排序类,原因是SortedDictionary是基于Key排序,而此处是采用ADD的先后顺序来固定顺序的。

    更多IT相关资讯与技术文章,欢迎光临我的个人网站:http://www.zuowenjun.cn/

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zuowj/p/4218847.html
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