MahApps.Metro扁平化UI控件库（可修改主题色等）

一、名词解释

使用MahApps.Metro扁平化UI控件库，可以使界面呈现更加美观。本文将总结MahApps.Metro的使用方法，及如何自定义修改其主题颜色等。

详细内容可参考官网：https://mahapps.com/

二、安装

推荐使用NuGet进行安装：

选中要添加MahApps.Metro的项目，右键单击，选择Manage NuGet Packages，搜索MahApps.Metro，如下图，选中后安装。

或在Package Manager Console（Tools→NuGet Package Manager）中，输入指令：Install-Package MahApps.Metro 进行安装，如下图。

三、实现

1. 将资源引入App.xaml，注意安装的Metro版本不同对应的App.xaml中写法不同。

<Application x:Class="WpfApplication.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
  <Application.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
      <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        <!-- MahApps.Metro resource dictionaries. Make sure that all file names are Case Sensitive! -->
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Controls.xaml" />
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Fonts.xaml" />
        <!-- Accent and AppTheme setting -->
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Themes/Light.Blue.xaml" />
      </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
    </ResourceDictionary>
  </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<Application x:Class="WpfApplication.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
  <Application.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
      <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        <!-- MahApps.Metro resource dictionaries. Make sure that all file names are Case Sensitive! -->
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Controls.xaml" />
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Fonts.xaml" />
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Colors.xaml" />
        <!-- Accent and AppTheme setting -->
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/Blue.xaml" />
        <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MahApps.Metro;component/Styles/Accents/BaseLight.xaml" />
      </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
    </ResourceDictionary>
  </Application.Resources>
</Application>

 

2. 修改窗体的.xaml文件：

添加引用：xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:MahApps.Metro.Controls;assembly=MahApps.Metro"

修改标签：<controls:MetroWindow ……

示例：

<controls:MetroWindow x:Class="DemoMachine.UI.Views.ShellView"
        xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:MahApps.Metro.Controls;assembly=MahApps.Metro"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow">

</controls:MetroWindow>

3. 修改窗体的.xaml.cs文件，继承自MetroWindow类：

using MahApps.Metro.Controls;

namespace DemoMachine.UI.Views
{
    public partial class ShellView : MetroWindow
    {
        public ShellView()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
    }
}

四、修改主题样式

Metro有一些预设的主题风格和主题色可以使用，在App.xaml的<Application.Resources>中改设置：

1. 有这些可供选择的accents：

“Red”, “Green”, “Blue”, “Purple”, “Orange”, “Lime”, “Emerald”, “Teal”, “Cyan”, “Cobalt”, “Indigo”, “Violet”, “Pink”, “Magenta”, “Crimson”, “Amber”, “Yellow”, “Brown”, “Olive”, “Steel”, “Mauve”, “Taupe”, “Sienna”

2. 有这些可供选择的themes：

“BaseLight”, “BaseDark”

也可以自定义的设置主题颜色：

新建Resources文件夹，添加两个类文件SelfAccent.cs和SelfAppTheme.cs，分别写入代码：

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
                    xmlns:options="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/options"
                    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
                    mc:Ignorable="options">

    <Color x:Key="HighlightColor">#FF000000</Color>

    <Color x:Key="AccentColor">#00666666</Color>
    <!--DataGrid中是选中行的底色-->
    <!--60%-->
    <Color x:Key="AccentColor2">#00000000</Color>
    <!--DataGrid中是初始选中行的底色，固定是那一行-->
    <!--40%-->
    <Color x:Key="AccentColor3">#00666666</Color>
    <!--DataGrid中是鼠标悬停行的底色-->
    <!--20%-->
    <Color x:Key="AccentColor4">#00666666</Color>

    <!-- re-set brushes too -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="HighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource HighlightColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush2" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor2}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush3" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentColorBrush4" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor4}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowTitleColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="ProgressBrush" EndPoint="0.001,0.5" StartPoint="1.002,0.5" options:Freeze="True">
        <GradientStop Color="{StaticResource HighlightColor}" Offset="0" />
        <GradientStop Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" Offset="1" />
    </LinearGradientBrush>

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="CheckmarkFill" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="RightArrowFill" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <Color x:Key="IdealForegroundColor">White</Color>
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="IdealForegroundColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="IdealForegroundDisabledBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" Opacity="0.4" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="AccentSelectedColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <!-- DataGrid brushes -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.HighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.HighlightTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.MouseOverHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor3}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.FocusBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.InactiveSelectionHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource AccentColor2}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.InactiveSelectionHighlightTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource IdealForegroundColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
</ResourceDictionary>

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
                    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
                    xmlns:options="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/options"
                    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
                    mc:Ignorable="options">

    <Color x:Key="BlackColor">#FFFFFFFF</Color>
    <Color x:Key="WhiteColor">#00FFFFFF</Color>

    <Color x:Key="Gray1">#00FFFFFF</Color>
    <Color x:Key="Gray2">#00FFFFFF</Color>
    <Color x:Key="Gray7">#FF6487c8</Color>   <!--关联按钮点击时的颜色-->
    <Color x:Key="Gray8">#FF6487c8</Color>   <!--关联按钮悬停颜色-->
    <Color x:Key="Gray10">#00FFFFFF</Color>

    <Color x:Key="GrayNormal">#00FFFFFF</Color>
    <Color x:Key="GrayHover">#00FFFFFF</Color>

    <Color x:Key="FlyoutColor">#00FFFFFF</Color>

    <!-- re-set brushes too -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="BlackBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="LabelTextBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="BlackColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBoxMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TextBoxFocusBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ButtonMouseOverBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ButtonMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ComboBoxMouseOverBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ComboBoxMouseOverInnerBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ControlBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="WhiteBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="WhiteColorBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledWhiteBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush1" Color="{StaticResource Gray1}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush2" Color="{StaticResource Gray2}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush7" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush8" Color="{StaticResource Gray8}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayBrush10" Color="{StaticResource Gray10}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayNormalBrush" Color="{StaticResource GrayNormal}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="GrayHoverBrush" Color="{StaticResource GrayHover}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderValueDisabled" Color="#FF535353" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackDisabled" Color="#FF383838" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderThumbDisabled" Color="#FF7E7E7E" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackHover" Color="#FF737373" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SliderTrackNormal" Color="#FF6C6C6C" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlyoutBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource FlyoutColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlyoutForegroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="FlatButtonPressedBackgroundBrush" Color="#444444" options:Freeze="True" />

    <!-- menu brushes -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ContextMenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SubMenuBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemBackgroundBrush" Color="{StaticResource WhiteColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="ContextMenuBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="SubMenuBorderBrush" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemSelectionFill" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MenuItemSelectionStroke" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemPressedFill" Color="#313131" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemPressedStroke" Color="#E0717070" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="TopMenuItemSelectionStroke" Color="#90717070" options:Freeze="True" />

    <!-- original #FF9A9A9A" -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledMenuItemForeground" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledMenuItemGlyphPanel" Color="#848589" options:Freeze="True" />

    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.MenuTextBrushKey}" Color="{StaticResource BlackColor}" options:Freeze="True" />

    <Color x:Key="MenuShadowColor">#FFFFFFFF</Color>

    <!-- DataGrid brushes -->
    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="MetroDataGrid.DisabledHighlightBrush" Color="{StaticResource Gray7}" options:Freeze="True" />
</ResourceDictionary>

然后在App.xaml.cs中添加代码：

using MahApps.Metro;
using System;
using System.Windows;

namespace DemoMachine.UI
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for App.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class App : Application
    {
        protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
        {
            AddAppTheme();
            AddAccent();
            ThemeManager.ChangeAppStyle(Application.Current,
                                    ThemeManager.GetAccent("SelfAccent"),
                                    ThemeManager.GetAppTheme("SelfAppTheme")); // or appStyle.Item1

            base.OnStartup(e);
        }

        private void AddAppTheme()
        {
            MahApps.Metro.ThemeManager.AddAppTheme("SelfAppTheme", new Uri("pack://application:,,,/Resources/SelfAppTheme.xaml"));
        }
        private void AddAccent()
        {
            MahApps.Metro.ThemeManager.AddAccent("SelfAccent", new Uri("pack://application:,,,/Resources/SelfAccent.xaml"));
        }
    }
}

完成以后，修改SelfAccent.cs和SelfAppTheme.cs文件中的颜色，就可以一定程度上的更改控件中与主题绑定了的颜色。

五、写基于Metro的样式

使用Metro类库后，控件会具有一些已写好集成好的样式，如何基于这些样式添加自己的样式修改呢，举例说明：

新建名为DataGridStyle的样式，基于Metro的DataGrid的样式AzureDataGrid，加上BasedOn="{StaticResource AzureDataGrid}"，

    <!--DataGrid样式-->
    <Style x:Key="DataGridStyle" TargetType="{x:Type DataGrid}" BasedOn="{StaticResource AzureDataGrid}">
        <Setter Property="AutoGenerateColumns" Value="false"/>
        <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
    </Style>

然后在界面上的DataGrid中引用自己的DataGrid样式，标签内引入样式Style="{StaticResource DataGridStyle}"：

<DataGrid x:Name="Cell1TaskList" Style="{StaticResource DataGridStyle}">
                            <DataGrid.Columns>
                                <DataGridTextColumn Header="进料口" Binding="{Binding Path=SOURCE_LOCATION}" Width="*"/>
                                <DataGridTextColumn Header="目标库位" Binding="{Binding Path=TARGET_LOCATION}" Width="*"/>
                                <DataGridTextColumn Header="状态" Binding="{Binding Path=MOVE_STATUS}" Width="*"/>
                            </DataGrid.Columns>
                        </DataGrid>

那么怎么知道Metro的各控件的各种样式名称呢：

1. 去官网找，一些经典的样式名称；

2. 下载Metro的源代码，有个名为Style的文件夹，包含各种样式的代码文本，可以查看各种样式的详细代码设置，如下图文件夹。

后续有新的使用经验会及时添加，欢迎大家一起补充。