为了日后安装数据库方便，遂写了一个自动安装MySQL的脚本：
测试可以安装mariadb和MySQL-5.7.X
安装前配置好对应的my.cnf文件放在/tmp路径下
将启动脚本mysql3306放在/usr/local/下
将安装包放在/usr/local路径下
安装方式为：./install_mysql.sh mysql-5.7.20 3306 # 第一个参数为数据库版本（格式统一），第二个参数为端口号，两个参数都可以根据自己情况修改
数据库启动/关闭为：service mysql3306 start/stop/restart/status
下面分别为安装脚本install_mysql.sh、启动脚本mysql3306、配置文件my.cnf
#!/bin/bash ############ Install MySQL############ export LANG=C export LC_ALL=C #Set the LANG and all environment variable beginning with LC_ to C typeset -r version=$1 typeset -r port=$2 # DEFINED VAR START typeset -r softwaredir="/usr/local" typeset -r basedir="/usr/local/mysql" #input version of server typeset -r databasedir="/data/${port}" typeset -r datadir="${databasedir}/data" typeset -r logdir="${databasedir}/log" typeset -r mysqluser="mysql" typeset -r defaults_file="${databasedir}/my.cnf" typeset -r mysqldautostartfile="/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql${port}" typeset -r pidfile="${databasedir}/mysql.pid" typeset -r socketlink="${databasedir}/mysql.sock" typeset timestamp='' typeset sInsDir_G='' typeset sLogDir_G='' typeset sLog_G='' #DEFINED ENV START export PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:$PATH #DEFINED ENV END ## -------------------- init global vars ------------------- sInsDir_G=$( echo $(basename $0) | awk -F. '{print $1}' ) if [ -z "${sLog_G}" ]; then sLog_G="/backup/SysMgtScripts/Log/${sInsDir_G}/$( hostname ).log" fi if [ -z "${sLogDir_G}" ]; then sLogDir_G=${sLog_G%/*} fi if [ ! -d ${sLogDir_G} ]; then mkdir -p ${sLogDir_G} fi ## --------------------------------------------------------- export sLog_G export sLogDir_G ## ensure the directory structure exists BASEDIR="/backup/SysMgtScripts/" if [ ! -d $BASEDIR ]; then mkdir -p ${BASEDIR}/Log fi ## -------------------- colourful print -------------------- rMsg () { echo -e " 33[031;1m$@ 33[0m"; } gMsg () { echo -e " 33[032;1m$@ 33[0m"; } yMsg () { echo -e " 33[033;1m$@ 33[0m"; } ## normal message print and log LogMsg() { local timestamp=$( date '+%F %T' ) gMsg "[${timestamp}]: $*" printf "[%s]:%s " "${timestamp}" "$*" >> "${sLog_G}" } # warning Warn() { local timestamp=$( date '+%F %T' ) yMsg "[${timestamp}]: $*" printf "[%s]:%s " "${timestamp}" "$*" >> "${sLog_G}" } # error Error() { local retval=$? local timestamp=$( date '+%F %T' ) rMsg "[${timestamp}]: $*" printf "[%s]:%s " "${timestamp}" "$*" >> "${sLog_G}" exit $? } #Check mysql user exit or not. CheckUser(){ cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql &>/dev/null if [ $? -ne 0 ];then Warn "user ${mysqluser} not exist" useradd ${mysqluser} || Error "Create MySQL user Failed" else LogMsg "user ${mysqluser} exist" fi } #Create dir for database InitDirs(){ list="${databasedir} ${datadir} ${logdir}" for i in $list; do if [ ! -d $i ];then Warn "Missing directory $i " mkdir -p $i || Error "Fail to create directory $i" LogMsg "$i create successfully" fi Test_Owner_T=`ls -l -d $i |awk '{print $3}'` if [[ "${Test_Owner_T}" != "${mysqluser}" ]];then chown -R ${mysqluser}:${mysqluser} $i || Error "Fail to change the directory owner" fi done } InitEnv(){ bashrc="/etc/profile" Test_Env_T=`cat ${bashrc} |grep "${basedir}"` if [[ "${Test_Env_T}" != "" ]];then LogMsg "${basedir} is already exists in ${bashrc}" else MYSQL_HOME=${basedir} echo "MYSQL_HOME=${basedir}" >> ${bashrc} || Error "Fail to init environment" echo "export PATH=$PATH:${MYSQL_HOME}/bin" >> ${bashrc} LogMsg "Add MYSQL_HOME to /etc/profile" fi source /etc/profile } SetMycnf(){ cp /tmp/my.cnf ${defaults_file} || Error "Fail to create my.cnf" if [[ ! -f "/etc/my.cnf" ]];then LogMsg "The Parameter File is OK" else mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak LogMsg "removed /etc/my.cnf to /etc/my.cnf.bak" fi } UnzipPackages() { Mysql_Package=`find ${softwaredir} -name ${version}*.tar.gz` if [[ ! -f ${Mysql_Package} ]];then Error "MySQL Install Package is not found" else Mysql_File=`find ${softwaredir} -name ${version}*.tar.gz -exec basename {} .tar.gz ;` if [[ ! -d "/usr/local/${Mysql_File}" ]];then LogMsg "unzip MySQL Install Package" tar xf ${Mysql_Package} -C ${softwaredir} || Error "Fail to unzip the Package" else LogMsg "No need to unzip" fi fi } InstallMysql(){ reallinkname=${basedir} Mysql_File=`find ${softwaredir} -name ${version}*.tar.gz -exec basename {} .tar.gz ;` if [[ ! -d ${Mysql_File} ]];then LogMsg "It is unziping mysql install Package ..." UnzipPackages LogMsg "unzip successful" fi cd ${softwaredir} if [[ ! -d ${basedir} ]];then ln -s ${Mysql_File} ${reallinkname} chown -R ${mysqluser}:${mysqluser} ${reallinkname} fi cd ${reallinkname} result=$(echo ${version}|grep mariadb) if [[ "$result" != "" ]];then LogMsg "Install $version..." ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=${defaults_file} >>/dev/null || Error "Fail to init MySQL" else LogMsg "Install $version..." bin/mysqld --defaults-file=${defaults_file} --user=mysql --initialize-insecure --datadir=${datadir} --basedir=${basedir} >>/dev/null || Error "Fail to init MySQL" bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=${datadir}>>/dev/null sleep 2 fi } MakeScript(){ if [[ ! -f /usr/local/mysql3306 ]];then Error "start script file mysql3306 not found" else chmod u+x /usr/local/mysql3306 cp ${softwaredir}/mysql3306 ${mysqldautostartfile} sed -i "0,/^basedir=/s@basedir=@basedir=${basedir}@" ${mysqldautostartfile} sed -i "0,/^datadir=/s@datadir=@datadir=${databasedir}@" ${mysqldautostartfile} fi } #start script StartMySQL(){ service mysql${port} start || Error "MySQL start Failed" } # change mysql password ChangePassword(){ mysql -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock -e "set password for root@localhost = password('123456');" || Error "Change root password Failed" mysql -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock -uroot -p123456 -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;" } TaskMain(){ LogMsg "It is checking whether the mysqluser ready or not ..." CheckUser LogMsg "The mysqluser is ready" LogMsg "It is initiazating directories ..." InitDirs LogMsg "The directories initiazating successful" LogMsg "It is initiazating environment variables ..." InitEnv LogMsg "The environment variables initiazating successful" LogMsg "It is setting default files ..." SetMycnf LogMsg "The default files set successful" LogMsg "It is installing mysql database ..." InstallMysql LogMsg "the mysql database install successful" LogMsg "It is making mysql start script ..." MakeScript LogMsg "make script successful" LogMsg "It is starting mysql ..." StartMySQL LogMsg "successful" LogMsg "It is changing mysql password ..." ChangePassword LogMsg "change successful" LogMsg "The mysql service set successful" } # The execution body of the script LogMsg "============Start Install MySQL============" TaskMain $@;rc=$? if [ ${rc} -ne 0 ] ;then Error '[ERROR] Failed to install mysql.' else LogMsg '[INFO] Completed install mysql.' fi LogMsg "The script execution ends." exit ${rc}
启动脚本：
#!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=/usr/local/mysql<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. basedir= datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE. lockdir='/var/lock/subsys' lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql" # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults mysqld_pid_file_path= if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr/local/mysql bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data fi sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin" export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop [ $# -ge 1 ] && shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testingc"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" # created | removed pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file. i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path" exit 1 ;; esac # if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$pid"; then if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the server still runs else # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x "$bindir/my_print_defaults"; then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=(.*)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path" then mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid else case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in /* ) ;; * ) mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$datadir/my.cnf" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null & wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w "$lockdir" then touch "$lock_file_path" fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" then # signal mysqld_safe that it needs to stop touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path.shutdown" mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"` if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null) then echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqld_pid # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$? else log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!" rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path" fi # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f "$lock_file_path" then rm -f "$lock_file_path" fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path" kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path" else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path" if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld` # test if multiple pids exist pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w` if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)" exit 5 elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage basename=`basename "$0"` echo "Usage: $basename {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0
配置文件：
[client] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock user = mysql server_id = 5 character-set-server = utf8 default-storage-engine = innodb pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid datadir = /data/3306/data basedir = /usr/local/mysql lower_case_table_names = 1 interactive_timeout = 7200 local_infile = 1 max-connections = 1500 back_log = 500 max_connect_errors = 2000 open_files_limit = 20000 table_definition_cache = 20000 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G log_bin = /data/3306/data/mysql-bin slow_query_log_file = /data/3306/log/slowlog.log log_error = /data/3306/log/mysql-error.log relay_log = /data/3306/log/mysql-relay innodb_autoextend_increment = 128 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_open_files = 20000 innodb-log-files-in-group = 4 innodb_log_file_size = 200M innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30 innodb_sort_buffer_size = 4M innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M innodb_read_io_threads = 16 innodb_write_io_threads = 16 join_buffer_size = 262144 tmp_table_size = 64M max_heap_table_size = 64M read_buffer_size = 131072 read_rnd_buffer_size = 262144 binlog_format = row binlog_cache_size = 1048576 long_query_time = 6 slow_query_log = 1 master_verify_checksum = 1 slave_sql_verify_checksum = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 relay_log_purge = 1 sync_binlog = 1 expire_logs_days = 7