config文件读写操作（文字说明附加在程序中）
App.config文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <!--自定义结点(为正常注册，将此节点放在第一)--> <configSections> <section name="Node1" type="Config.Test1,Config"/> <!--命名空间.类名,类名--> <section name="Node2" type="Config.Test2,Config"/> <section name="Node3" type="Config.Test3,Config"/> <section name="Node4" type="Config.Test4,Config"/> </configSections> <Node1 Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Node1> <Node2> <Property Property1="属性1" Property2="属性2"></Property> </Node2> <Node3> <T1> <!--CDATA可以包含比较长的字符串，且可以包含HTML代码段，这样针对特殊字符的存放也比较方便。--> <![CDATA[ 长字符串在此设置 ]]> </T1> <T2> <![CDATA[ <html><head>HTML代码</head></html> ]]> </T2> </Node3> <Node4> <add key="1" value="test1"></add> <add key="2" value="test2"></add> <add key="3" value="test3"></add> <add key="4" value="test4"></add> </Node4> <!--connectionStrings连接数据库的配置--> <connectionStrings> <add name="ConString" connectionString="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/> <!--或 没有密码的连接--> <!--add name="ConnStr" connectionString="Data Source=PC-201307122356SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/--> </connectionStrings> <!--appSettings连接数据库的配置或读取配置值--> <appSettings> <add key="AppString" value="server=.;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"/> <!--或 没有密码的连接--> <!--add key="AppString" value="Data Source=PC-201307122356SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=DZServe; Integrated Security=SSPI "/--> </appSettings> </configuration>
自定义结点1(Node1)的类Test1
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Configuration; namespace Config { //自定义一个Test类,以ConfigurationSection为基类，各个属性加上[ConfigurationProperty] public class Test1:ConfigurationSection { [ConfigurationProperty("Property1")] public string Property1 { get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); } set { this["Property1"] = value; } } [ConfigurationProperty("Property2")] public string Property2 { get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); } set { this["Property2"] = value; } } } }
自定义结点2(Node2)的类Test2
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Configuration; namespace Config { public class Test2:ConfigurationSection { [ConfigurationProperty("Property",IsRequired=true)] public SectionElement Property { get{ return (SectionElement)this["Property"];} } public class SectionElement:ConfigurationElement { [ConfigurationProperty("Property1", IsRequired = true)] public string Property1 { get { return this["Property1"].ToString(); } set { this["Property1"] = value; } } [ConfigurationProperty("Property2", IsRequired = true)] public string Property2 { get { return this["Property2"].ToString(); } set { this["Property2"] = value; } } } } }
自定义结点3(Node3)的类Test3
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Configuration; namespace Config { public class Test3:ConfigurationSection { [ConfigurationProperty("T1", IsRequired = true)] public MyTextElement T1 { get { return (MyTextElement)this["T1"]; } } [ConfigurationProperty("T2", IsRequired = true)] public MyTextElement T2 { get { return (MyTextElement)this["T2"]; } } } public class MyTextElement : ConfigurationElement { [ConfigurationProperty("data",IsRequired=true)] public string CommandText { get { return this["data"].ToString(); } set { this["data"] = value; } } //这里由我们控制对数据的读写操作，也就是要重载方法SerializeElement，DeserializeElement。 protected override void DeserializeElement(System.Xml.XmlReader reader, bool serializeCollectionKey) { CommandText = reader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null) as string; } protected override bool SerializeElement(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, bool serializeCollectionKey) { if (writer != null) { writer.WriteCData(CommandText); } return true; } } }
自定义结点4(Node4)的类Test4
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Configuration; namespace Config { public class Test4:ConfigurationSection { private static readonly ConfigurationProperty s_property = new ConfigurationProperty(string.Empty, typeof(MyKeyValueCollection), null, ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection); [ConfigurationProperty("", Options = ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection)] public MyKeyValueCollection KeyValues { get { return (MyKeyValueCollection)base[s_property]; } } } [ConfigurationCollection(typeof(MyKeyValueSetting))] public class MyKeyValueCollection:ConfigurationElementCollection //自定义一个集合 { // 基本上，所有的方法都只要简单地调用基类的实现就可以了。 public MyKeyValueCollection() : base(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) //不区分大小写 { } // 其实关键就是这个索引器。但它也是调用基类的实现，只是做下类型转就行了。 new public MyKeyValueSetting this[string name] { get { return (MyKeyValueSetting)base.BaseGet(name); } } // 下面二个方法中抽象类中必须要实现的。 protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement() { return new MyKeyValueSetting(); } protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element) { return ((MyKeyValueSetting)element).Key; } // 说明：如果不需要在代码中修改集合，可以不实现Add, Clear, Remove public void Add(MyKeyValueSetting setting) { base.BaseAdd(setting); } public void Clear() { base.BaseClear(); } public void Remove(string name) { base.BaseRemove(name); } } public class MyKeyValueSetting:ConfigurationElement //集合中的每个元素 { [ConfigurationProperty("key", IsRequired = true)] public string Key { get { return this["key"].ToString(); } set { this["key"] = value; } } [ConfigurationProperty("value", IsRequired = true)] public string Value { get { return this["value"].ToString(); } set { this["value"] = value; } } } }
读取配置信息
//connectionStrings结点验证 private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings)) { connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！"; } txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings; } //AppStrings结点验证 private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings)) { appSettings = "没有读到数据！"; } txbAppRead.Text = appSettings; } #region 自定义结点读取 //第一种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1"); txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1; txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2; } //第二种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2"); txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1; txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2; } //第三种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3"); txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim(); txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim(); } //第四种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4"); txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join(" ", ( from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>() let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value) select s).ToArray() ); } #endregion
写入配置信息
#region 自定义结点写入 /* * 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后， * 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。 * .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。 * 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。 */ //写入connectionStrings结点 private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"); //ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s); Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text; config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbConWrite.Text = ""; } //写入AppStrings结点 private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text; config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbAppWrtite.Text = ""; } //第一种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1; test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text; test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新 MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro11Write.Text = ""; txbPro21Write.Text = ""; } //第二种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2; test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text; test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新 MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro12Write.Text = ""; txbPro22Write.Text = ""; } //第三种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3; test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text; test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro13Write.Text = ""; txbPro23Write.Text = ""; } //第四种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4; test4.KeyValues.Clear(); ( from s in txbtest4Write.Lines let p = s.IndexOf('=') where p > 0 select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(0, p), Value = s.Substring(p + 1) } ).ToList() .ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv)); config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbtest4Write.Text = ""; } #endregion
完整的读写方法
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Configuration; using System.Xml; namespace Config { public partial class ConfigCheck : Form { public ConfigCheck() { InitializeComponent(); } //connectionStrings结点验证 private void btnConnectionStrings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //需添加System.configuration引用，引用—添加引用—.NET—System.configuration string connectionStrings = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionStrings)) { connectionStrings = "没有读到数据！"; } txbConRead.Text=connectionStrings; } //AppStrings结点验证 private void btnAppSettings_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AppString"]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(appSettings)) { appSettings = "没有读到数据！"; } txbAppRead.Text = appSettings; } #region 自定义结点读取 //第一种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro1Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test1 test1 = (Test1)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node1"); txbPro11Read.Text = test1.Property1; txbPro21Read.Text = test1.Property2; } //第二种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro2Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test2 test2 = (Test2)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node2"); txbPro12Read.Text = test2.Property.Property1; txbPro22Read.Text = test2.Property.Property2; } //第三种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro3Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test3 test3 = (Test3)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node3"); txbPro13Read.Text = test3.T1.CommandText.Trim(); txbPro23Read.Text = test3.T2.CommandText.Trim(); } //第四种方式读取自定义结点 private void btnPro4Read_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Test4 test4 = (Test4)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("Node4"); txbtest4Read.Text = string.Join(" ", ( from kv in test4.KeyValues.Cast<MyKeyValueSetting>() let s = string.Format("{0}={1}", kv.Key, kv.Value) select s).ToArray() ); } #endregion #region 自定义结点写入 /* * 在修改配置节点前，我们需要调用ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration()，然后调用config.GetSection()在得到节点后， * 转成我们定义的节点类型， 然后就可以按照强类型的方式来修改我们定义的各参数项，最后调用config.Save();即可。 * .net为了优化配置节点的读取操作，会将数据缓存起来，如果希望使用修改后的结果生效，您还需要调用ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection方法。 * 如果是修改web.config，则需要使用 WebConfigurationManager。 */ //写入connectionStrings结点 private void btnConWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //ConnectionStringSettings s = new ConnectionStringSettings("ConString1", "server=127.0.0.1;database=DB;uid=sa;pwd=123456"); //ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Add(s); Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString = txbConWrite.Text; config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("connectionStrings"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbConWrite.Text = ""; } //写入AppStrings结点 private void btnAppWrite_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); config.AppSettings.Settings["AppString"].Value = txbAppWrtite.Text; config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbAppWrtite.Text = ""; } //第一种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro1Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test1 test1 = config.GetSection("Node1") as Test1; test1.Property1 = txbPro11Write.Text; test1.Property2 = txbPro21Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node1"); //刷新 MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro11Write.Text = ""; txbPro21Write.Text = ""; } //第二种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro2Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test2 test2 = config.GetSection("Node2") as Test2; test2.Property.Property1 = txbPro12Write.Text; test2.Property.Property2 = txbPro22Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node2");//刷新 MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro12Write.Text = ""; txbPro22Write.Text = ""; } //第三种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro3Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test3 test3 = config.GetSection("Node3") as Test3; test3.T1.CommandText = txbPro13Write.Text; test3.T2.CommandText = txbPro23Write.Text; config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node3"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbPro13Write.Text = ""; txbPro23Write.Text = ""; } //第四种方式写入自定义结点 private void btnPro4Write_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); Test4 test4 = config.GetSection("Node4") as Test4; test4.KeyValues.Clear(); ( from s in txbtest4Write.Lines let p = s.IndexOf('=') where p > 0 select new MyKeyValueSetting { Key = s.Substring(0, p), Value = s.Substring(p + 1) } ).ToList() .ForEach(kv => test4.KeyValues.Add(kv)); config.Save(); ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("Node4"); MessageBox.Show("修改成功！"); txbtest4Write.Text = ""; } #endregion } }
效果图