windows下使用python的scrapy爬虫框架，爬取个人博客文章内容信息

scrapy作为流行的python爬虫框架，简单易用，这里简单介绍如何使用该爬虫框架爬取个人博客信息。关于python的安装和scrapy的安装配置请读者自行查阅相关资料，或者也可以关注我后续的内容。

 

本文使用的python版本为2.7.9  scrapy版本为0.14.3 

 

1.假设我们爬虫的名字为vpoetblog

  在命令行下切换到桌面目录，输入startproject scrapy vpoetblog 如下图所示:

 

 命令执行成功后会在桌面生成一个名为vpoetblog的文件夹

该文件夹的目录为:

│  scrapy.cfg
│
└─vpoetblog
    │  items.py
    │  pipelines.py
    │  settings.py
    │  __init__.py
    │
    └─spiders
            __init__.py

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这里我们要新建一些文件，最终的目录结构如下:

│  scrapy.cfg
│  data.txt   //用于保存抓取到的数据
└─doubanmoive
    │  items.py  //用于定义抓取的item
    │  pipelines.py  //用于将抓取的数据进行保存
    │  settings.py
    │  __init__.py
    │
    └─spiders

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	   blog_spider.py  //主爬虫函数 用于定义抓取规则等
            __init__.py 

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items.py内容如下:

# -*- coding: cp936 -*-
from scrapy.item import Item, Field

class VpoetblogItem(Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = Field()
    article_name = Field() #文章名字
    public_time = Field()  #发表时间
    read_num = Field()     #阅读数量

pipelines.py内容如下:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem
from scrapy.conf import settings
from scrapy import log

class Pipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        print 'abc'

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        #Remove invalid data
        #valid = True
        #for data in item:
          #if not data:
            #valid = False
            #raise DropItem("Missing %s of blogpost from %s" %(data, item['url']))
            #print 'crawl no data.....
'
        #if valid:
        #Insert data into txt
        input = open('data.txt', 'a')
        input.write('article_name:'+item['article_name'][0]+'   ');
        input.write('public_time:'+item['public_time'][0]+'   ');
        input.write('read_num:'+item['read_num'][0]+'   ');
        input.close()

        return item

settings.py内容如下:

# Scrapy settings for vpoetblog project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only the most important settings by
# default. All the other settings are documented here:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/topics/settings.html
#

BOT_NAME = 'vpoetblog'
BOT_VERSION = '1.0'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['vpoetblog.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'vpoetblog.spiders'

ITEM_PIPELINES={
    'vpoetblog.pipelines.Pipeline':300
}


DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 2
RANDOMIZE_DOWNLOAD_DELAY = True
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_3) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.54 Safari/536.5'
COOKIES_ENABLED = True

blog_spider.py内容如下:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider,Rule
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors.sgml import SgmlLinkExtractor
from vpoetblog.items import VpoetblogItem

class MoiveSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name="vpoetblog"
    allowed_domains=["blog.csdn.net"]
    start_urls=["http://blog.csdn.net/u013018721/article/list/1"]

    rules=[
        Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=(r'http://blog.csdn.net/u013018721/article/list/d+'))),
        Rule(SgmlLinkExtractor(allow=(r'http://blog.csdn.net/u013018721/article/details/d+')),callback="parse_item"),
    ]

    def parse_item(self,response):
        sel=HtmlXPathSelector(response)
        item=VpoetblogItem()
        item['article_name']=sel.select('//*[@class="link_title"]/a/text()').extract()
        item['public_time']=sel.select('//*[@class="link_postdate"]/text()').extract()
        item['read_num']=sel.select('//*[@class="link_view"]/text()').extract()

        return item

运行命令如下:

 

运行截图如下: