使用C#替换Word文档里的文字和图片

基本思路

---

替换文字：使用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word接口中的Find属性：

 Object missing = Missing.Value;
            object replaceAll = WdReplace.wdReplaceAll;

            _application.Selection.Find.ClearFormatting();
            _application.Selection.Find.Text = origialString;

            _application.Selection.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting();
            _application.Selection.Find.Replacement.Text = destinationString;

            _application.Selection.Find.Execute(
                ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                ref replaceAll, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);

其中，_application是Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application类型的变量，_application.Selection.Find.Text = origialString; 用来指定要被替换的文字，_application.Selection.Find.Replacement.Text = destinationString;用来指定替换后的文字。在实践过程中，发现了两个问题需要解决；问题1,当替换后的文字长度超过255个时，该方法执行时会出现异常；问题2：无法替换文本框中的字符，为此，将方法修改如下：

//用模板字符替换原字符
        private void ReplaceString(string origialString, string destinationString)
        {
            #region 如果目标字符串长度大于255，则分成小于255的若干多分别进行替换
            /*
             * 例如：destinationString的长度是300；
             * 第一步：将origialString替换为“$$$1$”和“$$$2$”;
             * 第二步：将destinationString分解为两个字符串，第一个字符串长度255，第二个字符串长度300-255=45；
             * 第三步：用第一个字符串替换“$$$1$”，用第二个字符串替换“$$$2$”
             */
            if (destinationString.Length > 255)
            {
                int count = destinationString.Length / 255 + ((destinationString.Length % 255) == 0 ? 0 : 1);
                List<string> origianlStringList = new List<string>();
                List<string> destinationStringList = new List<string>();
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                {
                    origianlStringList.Add("$$$" + i.ToString() + "$");

                    int length;//每小段的长度
                    if (i != count - 1)
                    {
                        length = 255;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        length = destinationString.Length % 255;
                    }
                    destinationStringList.Add(destinationString.Substring(i * 255, length));
                }
                string origianlStringListTotalString = string.Empty;
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                {
                    origianlStringListTotalString += origianlStringList[i];
                }
                this.ReplaceString(origialString, origianlStringListTotalString);
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                {
                    this.ReplaceString(origianlStringList[i], destinationStringList[i]);
                }
                return;
            }

            #endregion

            Object missing = Missing.Value;
            object replaceAll = WdReplace.wdReplaceAll;

            _application.Selection.Find.ClearFormatting();
            _application.Selection.Find.Text = origialString;

            _application.Selection.Find.Replacement.ClearFormatting();
            _application.Selection.Find.Replacement.Text = destinationString;

            _application.Selection.Find.Execute(
                ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                ref replaceAll, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);
            //
            //替换在文本框中的文字
            //
            StoryRanges ranges = _application.ActiveDocument.StoryRanges;
            foreach (Range item in ranges)
            {
                if (WdStoryType.wdTextFrameStory == item.StoryType)
                {
                    Range range = item;
                    while (range != null)
                    {
                        range.Find.ClearFormatting();
                        range.Find.Text = origialString;
                        range.Find.Replacement.Text = destinationString;
                        range.Find.Execute(
                    ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                    ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing,
                    ref replaceAll, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);
                        range = range.NextStoryRange;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

替换图片：在要被替换的图片前加入书签，替换时遍历书签，并读取书签后面的图片，将给定图片设置为和原始图片一样大小，并放在书签后面替换原有图片：

/// <summary>
/// 要设置图片的名称（路径+图片名称）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="index">书签名称</param>
/// <returns>图片路径</returns>
public string this[string index]
{
    set
    {
        if (File.Exists(value))
        {
            foreach (Bookmark item in _application.ActiveDocument.Bookmarks)
            {
                if (item.Name == index)
                {
                    item.End += 1;
                    item.Select();
                    object missing = Missing.Value;
                    if (_application.Selection.InlineShapes.Count > 0)
                    {
                        float width = _application.Selection.InlineShapes[0].Width;
                        float height = _application.Selection.InlineShapes[0].Height;
                        try
                        {
                            InlineShape shape = _application.Selection.InlineShapes.AddPicture(value, ref missing, ref missing, ref missing);
                            shape.Width = width;
                            shape.Height = height;
                        }
                        catch (Exception)
                        {
                            throw new Exception("无法插入图片！");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
其中，索引Index为书签名，索引值为新图片的路径