【HBase】通过Bulkload批量加载数据到Hbase表中

目录

• 需求
• 步骤
• 一、开发MapReduce
• 二、打成Jar包放到linux执行
• 三、有两种办法将HFile文件加载到HBase表中
• 开发代码
• Hadoop命令运行

---

需求

将hdfs上面的这个路径 /hbase/input/user.txt 的数据文件，转换成HFile格式，然后load到myuser2表里面去
先清空一下myuser2表的数据 —— truncate 'myuser2'

---

步骤

一、开发MapReduce

定义一个main方法类——BulkloadMain

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.HFileOutputFormat2;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;

public class BulkloadMain extends Configured implements Tool {
    @Override
    public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //获取Job对象
        Job job = Job.getInstance(super.getConf(), "Bulkload");
        //获取数据输入路径
        job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
        TextInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path("hdfs://node01:8020/hbase/input"));

        //自定义Map逻辑
        job.setMapperClass(BulkloadMapper.class);
        job.setMapOutputKeyClass(ImmutableBytesWritable.class);
        job.setMapOutputValueClass(Put.class);

        Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(super.getConf());
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser2"));

        //通过 configureIncrementalLoad 设置增量添加
        HFileOutputFormat2.configureIncrementalLoad(job,table,connection.getRegionLocator(TableName.valueOf("myuser2")));

        //使用 HFileOutputFormat2 设置输出类型为HFile
        job.setOutputFormatClass(HFileOutputFormat2.class);

        HFileOutputFormat2.setOutputPath(job,new Path("hdfs://node01:8020/hbase/output2"));

        boolean b = job.waitForCompletion(true);

        return b?0:1;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181");
        int run = ToolRunner.run(configuration, new BulkloadMain(), args);
        System.exit(run);
    }
}

自定义Map逻辑，定义一个Mapper类——BulkloadMapper

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;

import java.io.IOException;

public class BulkloadMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, ImmutableBytesWritable, Put> {
    @Override
    protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        //以	为分隔符分割拿到的v1
        String[] split = value.toString().split("	");

        ImmutableBytesWritable immutableBytesWritable = new ImmutableBytesWritable();
        immutableBytesWritable.set(split[0].getBytes());

        //创建Put对象
        Put put = new Put(split[0].getBytes());
        //往put中插入行数据
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),split[1].getBytes());
        put.addColumn("f1".getBytes(),"age".getBytes(), split[2].getBytes());
        //转换为k2,v2输出
        context.write(immutableBytesWritable,put);

    }
}

二、打成Jar包放到linux执行

yarn jar day12_HBaseANDMapReduce-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar cn.itcast.mr.demo4.BulkloadMain

在HDFS可以看见成功输出的Hfile文件

三、有两种办法将HFile文件加载到HBase表中

开发代码

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.LoadIncrementalHFiles;

public class LoadData {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "node01,node02,node03");

        Connection connection =  ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
        Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf("myuser2"));
        LoadIncrementalHFiles load = new LoadIncrementalHFiles(configuration);
        load.doBulkLoad(new Path("hdfs://node01:8020/hbase/hfile_out"), admin,table,connection.getRegionLocator(TableName.valueOf("myuser2")));
    }
}

Hadoop命令运行

yarn jar /export/servers/hbase-1.2.0-cdh5.14.0/lib/hbase-server-1.2.0-cdh5.14.0.jar completebulkload /hbase/hfile_out myuser2

两种方法均能成功