我的环境：
有两台linux服务器
一台是192.168.1.1 mysql 端口3301
一台是192.168.1.2 mysql 端口3303
要讨论如何恢复从库，我们得先来了解如下一些概念：
GTID_EXECUTED:它是一组包含已经记录在二进制日志文件中的事务集合
GTID_PURGED:它是一组包含已经从二进制日志删除掉的事务集合。
在继续讨论时，我们先来看下如何新建一个基于GTID的slave。
通过了解上面的两个参数，我们现在只需要：
1.从主库上做一个备份时记录备份时gtid_executed的值。
2.在新的slave上恢复此备份时设置从库的gtid_purged的值为备份时master上gtid_executed的值。
通过mysqldump可以完成我们需要的功能。
目前主库上的状态（3301）：
[smile] 3301>show global variables like 'gtid_executed';
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| gtid_executed | a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-15 |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[smile] 3301>show global variables like 'gtid_purged';
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| gtid_purged | a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-13 |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
step1:在主库上用mysqldump做一个全备
mysqldump --all-databases --single-transaction --triggers --routines --events --port=3301 --user=root --password=123 > dump3301.sql
打开dump3301.sql我们可以看到如下语句：
SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-15';
此值即为master3301上gtid_executed的值。
step2:全新启动一个新的库3303,注意在配置文件中配置enforce_gtid_consistency及gtid_mode=on server-id不能与主库一样
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql/my3303.cnf &
此时新库3303上的状态应该是这样的：
[(none)] 3303>show global variables like 'gtid_executed';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| gtid_executed | |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
[(none)] 3303>show global variables like 'gtid_purged';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| gtid_purged | |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
step3:导入备份文件并查看状态值：
mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p123 -P3303 < dump3301.sql
[(none)] 3303>show global variables like 'gtid_executed';
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| gtid_executed | a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-15 |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
[(none)] 3303>show global variables like 'gtid_purged';
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| gtid_purged | a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-15 |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
step4:做主从change语句
[smile] 3303>change master to master_host='192.168.1.240',master_port=3301,master_user='repl',master_password='123',master_auto_position=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
[smile] 3303>start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[smile] 3303>show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.240
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3301
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog57.000014
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
Relay_Log_File: smile240-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 365
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog57.000014
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 194
Relay_Log_Space: 575
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 3301
Master_UUID: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f
Master_Info_File: /home/mysql/I3303/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: a97983fc-5a29-11e6-9d28-000c29d4dc3f:1-15
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
至此完成了加入一台新的slave的GTID主从环境。