zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 将表里的数据批量生成INSERT语句的存储过程 增强版

    有时候,我们需要将某个表里的数据全部或者根据查询条件导出来,迁移到另一个相同结构的库中

    目前SQL Server里面是没有相关的工具根据查询条件来生成INSERT语句的,只有借助第三方工具(third party tools)

    这种脚本网上也有很多,但是网上的脚本还是欠缺一些规范和功能,例如:我只想导出特定查询条件的数据,网上的脚本都是导出全表数据

    如果表很大,对性能会有很大影响

    set identity_insert 表名 ON --允许对自增列Id插入指定数据
    insert into table_name(Id,Name) values(1,'test')
    set identity_insert 表名 OFF --关闭对自增列Id插入指定数据

     -- Author:      <桦仔>
    -- Blog:        <http://www.cnblogs.com/lyhabc/>
    -- Create date: <2014/10/18>
    -- Description: <根据查询条件导出表数据的insert脚本>
    -- =============================================
    CREATE  PROCEDURE InsertGenerator
        (
          @tableName NVARCHAR(MAX),
          @whereClause NVARCHAR(MAX)
        )
    AS

    --Then it includes a cursor to fetch column specific information (column name and the data type thereof)
    --from information_schema.columns pseudo entity and loop through for building the INSERT and VALUES clauses
    --of an INSERT DML statement.

        DECLARE @string NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the first half of INSERT statement
        DECLARE @stringData NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the data (VALUES) related statement
        DECLARE @dataType NVARCHAR(MAX) --data types returned for respective columns
        DECLARE @schemaName NVARCHAR(MAX) --schema name returned from sys.schemas
        DECLARE @schemaNameCount int--shema count
        DECLARE @QueryString  NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query,

        set @QueryString=' '

         --如果有多个schema,选择其中一个schema
        SELECT @schemaNameCount=COUNT(*)
        FROM    sys.tables t
                INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
        WHERE   t.name = @tableName

        WHILE(@schemaNameCount>0)
        BEGIN

        --如果有多个schema,依次指定
        select @schemaName = name
        from
        (
            SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by  s.schema_id) RowID,s.name
            FROM    sys.tables t
                    INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
            WHERE   t.name =  @tableName
        ) as v
        where RowID=@schemaNameCount

        --Declare a cursor to retrieve column specific information
        --for the specified table
        DECLARE cursCol CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
        FOR
            SELECT  column_name ,
                    data_type
            FROM    information_schema.columns
            WHERE   table_name = @tableName
                    AND table_schema = @schemaName
     
        OPEN cursCol
        SET @string = 'INSERT INTO [' + @schemaName + '].[' + @tableName + ']('
        SET @stringData = ''

        DECLARE @colName NVARCHAR(500)

        FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType

        PRINT @schemaName
        PRINT @colName
        IF @@fetch_status <> 0
            BEGIN
                PRINT 'Table ' + @tableName + ' not found, processing skipped.'
                CLOSE curscol
                DEALLOCATE curscol
                RETURN
            END

        WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
            BEGIN
                IF @dataType IN ( 'varchar', 'char', 'nchar', 'nvarchar' )
                    BEGIN
                           SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
                                isnull(' + @colName + ','''')+'''''',''+'
                    END
                ELSE
                    IF @dataType IN ( 'text', 'ntext' ) --if the datatype
                                     --is text or something else
                        BEGIN
                            SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
              isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),'''')+'''''',''+'
                        END
                    ELSE
                        IF @dataType = 'money' --because money doesn't get converted
                           --from varchar implicitly
                            BEGIN
                                SET @stringData = @stringData
                                    + '''convert(money,''''''+
            isnull(cast(' + @colName
                                    + ' as nvarchar(max)),''0.0000'')+''''''),''+'
                            END
                        ELSE
                            IF @dataType = 'datetime'
                                BEGIN
                                    SET @stringData = @stringData
                                        + '''convert(datetime,''''''+
            isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),''0'')+''''''),''+'
                                END
                            ELSE
                                IF @dataType = 'image'
                                    BEGIN
                                        SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
           isnull(cast(convert(varbinary,' + @colName + ')
           as varchar(6)),''0'')+'''''',''+'
                                    END
                                ELSE --presuming the data type is int,bit,numeric,decimal
                                BEGIN
                                        SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
              isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),''0'')+'''''',''+'
                                    END

                SET @string = @string + '[' + @colName + ']' + ','

                FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType
            END
    --After both of the clauses are built, the VALUES clause contains a trailing comma which needs to be replaced with a single quote. The prefixed clause will only face removal of the trailing comma.

        DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query,
                                  -- you may increase the size
        PRINT @whereClause
        IF ( @whereClause IS NOT NULL
             AND @whereClause <> ''
           )
            BEGIN  
                SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, 0, LEN(@string))
                    + ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, 0,
                                                  LEN(@stringData) - 2)
                    + '''+'')''
       FROM ' +@schemaName+'.'+ @tableName + ' WHERE ' + @whereClause
                PRINT @query
               -- EXEC sp_executesql @query --load and run the built query
    --Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.
            END
        ELSE
      BEGIN
                SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, 0, LEN(@string))
                    + ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, 0,
                                                  LEN(@stringData) - 2)
                    + '''+'')''
        FROM ' + @schemaName+'.'+ @tableName

            END

        CLOSE cursCol
        DEALLOCATE cursCol

        SET @schemaNameCount=@schemaNameCount-1
        IF(@schemaNameCount=0)
        BEGIN
           SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query
        END
        ELSE
        BEGIN
            SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query+' UNION ALL '
        END
        PRINT convert(varchar(max),@schemaNameCount)+'---'+@QueryString
        END
        EXEC sp_executesql @QueryString --load and run the built query
    --Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.

    这里要声明一下,如果你有多个schema,并且每个schema下面都有同一张表,那么脚本只会生成其中一个schema下面的表insert脚本

    比如我现在有三个schema,下面都有customer这个表

    复制代码
    CREATE TABLE dbo.[customer](city int,region int)
    
    CREATE SCHEMA test
    CREATE TABLE test.[customer](city int,region int)
    
    CREATE SCHEMA test1
    CREATE TABLE test1.[customer](city int,region int)
    复制代码

    在执行脚本的时候他只会生成dbo这个schema下面的表insert脚本

    INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

    这个脚本有一个缺陷

    无论你的表的字段是什麽数据类型,导出来的时候只能是字符

    表结构

    CREATE TABLE [dbo].[customer](city int,region int)

    导出来的insert脚本

    INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

    我这里演示一下怎麽用

    有两种方式

    1、导全表数据

    InsertGenerator 'customer', null

    InsertGenerator 'customer', ' '

    2、根据查询条件导数据

    InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3'

    或者

    InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3 and region=8'
    InsertGenerator 'table', 'xxx=742 and sn not in( select sn  from db..table where xxx=742)'

    点击一下,选择全部

    然后复制

    新建一个查询窗口,然后粘贴

    其实SQLServer的技巧有很多

    最后,大家可以看一下代码,非常简单,如果要支持SQLServer2000,只要改一下代码就可以了

    补充:创建一张测试表

    复制代码
    CREATE TABLE testinsert (id INT,name VARCHAR(100),cash MONEY,dtime DATETIME)
    
    
    INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]
            ( [id], [name], [cash], [dtime] )
    VALUES  ( 1, -- id - int
              'nihao', -- name - varchar(100)
              8.8, -- cash - money
              GETDATE()  -- dtime - datetime
              )
    
    SELECT * FROM [dbo].[testinsert]
    复制代码

    测试

    InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,''
    
    InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'''
    
    InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'' and cash=8.8'

    datetime类型会有一些问题

    生成的结果会自动帮你转换

    INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]([id],[name],[cash],[dtime]) VALUES('1','nihao',convert(money,'8.80'),convert(datetime,'02  8 2015  5:17PM'))

    群里的人共享的另一个脚本

    View Code

    调用示例

    复制代码
    --非dbo默认架构需注意
    --支持数据类型 :bigint,int, bit,char,datetime,date,time,decimal,money, nvarchar(50),tinyint, nvarchar(max),varchar(max),datetime2
    --调用示例 如果top行或者where条件为空,只需要把参数填上null
    
    spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
    , 2 --top 行数
    , 'city=3 and didian=''大连'' '  --where 条件
    
    --导出全表 where条件为空
    spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
    , null --top 行数
    ,null --where 条件
    
    INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (1,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05  5 2015  5:58PM')
    INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (2,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05  5 2015  5:58PM')
    复制代码

    如有不对的地方,欢迎大家拍砖o(∩_∩)o 

    本文版权归作者所有,未经作者同意不得转载。

  • 相关阅读:
    ByteBuffer用法总结
    内部类访问外部同名属性或者方法
    floodlight 学习(一)
    ubuntu 更改文件所有者
    python cmd 模块
    matlab 矩阵
    python操作MySQL数据库
    Win 7 下制作 mac 系统启动U盘
    Window 常用命令
    大数据扫盲
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/102442/p/6183587.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看