浅谈GridView

GridView(网格视图)是按照行列的方式来显示内容的，一般用于显示图片，图片等内容，比如实现九宫格图，用GridView是首选，也是最简单的。主要用于设置Adapter。
GridView常用的XML属性：
 

属性名称	描述
android:columnWidth	设置列的宽度。
android:gravity	设置此组件中的内容在组件中的位置。可选的值有：top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical可以多选，用“|”分开。
android:horizontalSpacing	两列之间的间距。
android:numColumns	设置列数。
android:stretchMode	缩放模式。
android:verticalSpacing	两行之间的间距。

下面有三个例子，第一个是只显示图片的，第二个是显示图片文字的(这里的图片是Android系统自带的图片)，第三个是显示自定义的图片文字。前面两个例子的实现都不是很难，第三个例子的实现有些复杂，学习GridView的时候，就想着能不能自定义自己喜欢的图片加上文字，在网上找些资料，一般都是第二个例子的形式的，最后在视频学习上找到了能实现自定义自己的图片的例子。自己就照着例子去学习，修改成了第三个例子。
第一个例子：

MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview.activity; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.ViewGroup; 
import android.widget.AdapterView; 
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; 
import android.widget.BaseAdapter; 
import android.widget.GridView; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
        GridView gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.GridView1); 
        //为GridView设置适配器 
        gv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this)); 
        //注册监听事件 
        gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() 
        { 
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) 
            { 
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
            } 
        }); 
    } 
} 
    //自定义适配器 
    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ 
        //上下文对象 
        private Context context; 
        //图片数组 
        private Integer[] imgs = { 
                R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,  
                R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,                
                R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,  
                R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,  
                R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,                
                R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8, 
        }; 
        MyAdapter(Context context){ 
            this.context = context; 
        } 
        public int getCount() { 
            return imgs.length; 
        } 
 
        public Object getItem(int item) { 
            return item; 
        } 
 
        public long getItemId(int id) { 
            return id; 
        } 
         
        //创建View方法 
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { 
             ImageView imageView; 
                if (convertView == null) { 
                    imageView = new ImageView(context); 
                    imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(75, 75));//设置ImageView对象布局 
                    imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false);//设置边界对齐 
                    imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);//设置刻度的类型 
                    imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);//设置间距 
                }  
                else { 
                    imageView = (ImageView) convertView; 
                } 
                imageView.setImageResource(imgs[position]);//为ImageView设置图片资源 
                return imageView; 
        } 
} 

main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
    <GridView  
        android:id="@+id/GridView1"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:columnWidth="90dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
        android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
        android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
        android:gravity="center"         
        />
</LinearLayout>

效果图：

 

第二个例子：
MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview2.activity; 
 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.HashMap; 
import java.util.List; 
import java.util.Map; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.widget.GridView; 
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; 
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
 
       private GridView gv; 
       @Override
       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
          // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
          setContentView(R.layout.gridview); 
 
          //准备要添加的数据条目 
          List<Map<String, Object>> items = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); 
          for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { 
            Map<String, Object> item = new HashMap<String, Object>(); 
            item.put("imageItem", R.drawable.icon);//添加图像资源的ID   
            item.put("textItem", "icon" + i);//按序号添加ItemText   
            items.add(item); 
          } 
 
         //实例化一个适配器 
          SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,  
                                                      items,  
                                                      R.layout.grid_item,  
                                                      new String[]{"imageItem", "textItem"},  
                                                      new int[]{R.id.image_item, R.id.text_item}); 
 
          //获得GridView实例 
          gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.mygridview); 
          //为GridView设置适配器 
          gv.setAdapter(adapter); 
 
       } 
} 

gridview.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   >
   <GridView  
      android:id="@+id/mygridview"
      android:numColumns="3"
      android:gravity="center_horizontal"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
      />
</LinearLayout>
 
grid_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
   android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   android:paddingBottom="6dip"
   >
   <ImageView  
      android:id="@+id/image_item"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
      />
   <TextView  
      android:id="@+id/text_item"
      android:layout_below="@+id/image_item"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"    
      />
</RelativeLayout>

效果图：

 
第三个例子：
MainActivity.java

package com.android.gridview3; 
 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.List; 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.view.LayoutInflater; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.ViewGroup; 
import android.widget.AdapterView; 
import android.widget.BaseAdapter; 
import android.widget.GridView; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
import android.widget.TextView; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; 
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity 
{ 
    private GridView gridView; 
    //图片的文字标题 
    private String[] titles = new String[] 
    { "pic1", "pic2", "pic3", "pic4", "pic5", "pic6", "pic7", "pic8", "pic9"}; 
    //图片ID数组 
    private int[] images = new int[]{        
            R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3,  
            R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6,  
            R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,R.drawable.pic9  
    }; 
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
        gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview); 
        PictureAdapter adapter = new PictureAdapter(titles, images, this); 
        gridView.setAdapter(adapter); 
 
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() 
            { 
                public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) 
                { 
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + (position+1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
                } 
            }); 
    } 
} 
//自定义适配器 
class PictureAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ 
    private LayoutInflater inflater; 
    private List<Picture> pictures; 
 
    public PictureAdapter(String[] titles, int[] images, Context context) 
    { 
        super(); 
        pictures = new ArrayList<Picture>(); 
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); 
        for (int i = 0; i < images.length; i++) 
        { 
            Picture picture = new Picture(titles[i], images[i]); 
            pictures.add(picture); 
        } 
    } 
 
    @Override
    public int getCount() 
    { 
        if (null != pictures) 
        { 
            return pictures.size(); 
        } else
        { 
            return 0; 
        } 
    } 
 
    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) 
    { 
        return pictures.get(position); 
    } 
 
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) 
    { 
        return position; 
    } 
 
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) 
    { 
        ViewHolder viewHolder; 
        if (convertView == null) 
        { 
            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.picture_item, null); 
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); 
            viewHolder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.title); 
            viewHolder.image = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.image); 
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder); 
        } else
        { 
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); 
        } 
        viewHolder.title.setText(pictures.get(position).getTitle()); 
        viewHolder.image.setImageResource(pictures.get(position).getImageId()); 
        return convertView; 
    } 
 
} 
 
class ViewHolder 
{ 
    public TextView title; 
    public ImageView image; 
} 
 
class Picture 
{ 
    private String title; 
    private int imageId; 
 
    public Picture() 
    { 
        super(); 
    } 
 
    public Picture(String title, int imageId) 
    { 
        super(); 
        this.title = title; 
        this.imageId = imageId; 
    } 
 
    public String getTitle() 
    { 
        return title; 
    } 
 
    public void setTitle(String title) 
    { 
        this.title = title; 
    } 
 
    public int getImageId() 
    { 
        return imageId; 
    } 
 
    public void setImageId(int imageId) 
    { 
        this.imageId = imageId; 
    } 
} 

main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    android:id="@+id/gridview"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:columnWidth="90dp"
    android:numColumns="auto_fit"
    android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
    android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
    android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
    android:gravity="center"
    />
picture_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/root"
    android:orientation="vertical"  
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
    android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
    >
    <ImageView  
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="150dp"  
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"
        android:padding="4dp"
       />
    <TextView  
        android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        />
</LinearLayout>

效果图：