【爬虫小程序：爬取斗鱼所有房间信息】Xpath(多进程版)

# 本程序亲测有效,用于理解爬虫相关的基础知识，不足之处希望大家批评指正

import requests
from lxml import etree
from multiprocessing import JoinableQueue as Queue
from multiprocessing import Process

"""爬取目标：http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/1
    利用多进程实现
"""

class QiuShi:
    def __init__(self):
        # url和headers
        self.base_url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}'
        self.headers = 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.67 Safari/537.36'

        # 定义队列，用来传递数据
        self.url_queue = Queue()
        self.request_queue = Queue()
        self.html_queue = Queue()


    def get_url_list(self):
        """获取所有的url"""
        for i in range(1, 14):
            target_url = self.base_url.format(i)
            print(target_url)
            # 计数需要请求的url
            self.url_queue.put(target_url)

    def request_url(self):
        """向url发起请求"""
        while True:
            target_url = self.url_queue.get()
            response = requests.get(target_url, self.headers)
            print(response)
            self.request_queue.put(response)
            self.url_queue.task_done()

    def get_content(self):
        """获取数据"""
        while True:
            html_text = self.request_queue.get().content.decode()
            html = etree.HTML(html_text)
            div_list = html.xpath('//div[@id="content-left"]/div')
            content_list = []
            for div in div_list:
                item = {}
                item['author'] = div.xpath('.//h2/text()')[0].strip()
                item['content'] = div.xpath('.//span/text()')[0].strip()
                print(item)
                content_list.append(item)
            self.html_queue.put(content_list)
            self.request_queue.task_done()

    def save_data(self):
        """保存入库"""
        while True:
            data_list = self.html_queue.get()
            for data in data_list:
                with open('qiushi.text', 'a+') as f:
                    f.write(str(data))
                    f.write('
')
            self.html_queue.task_done()

    def main(self):

        # 获取所有url
        self.get_url_list()
        # 创建一个进程盒子,用于收集进程
        process_list = []
        p_request = Process(target=self.request_url)
        process_list.append(p_request)

        p_content = Process(target=self.get_content)
        process_list.append(p_content)

        p_save_data = Process(target=self.save_data)
        process_list.append(p_save_data)

        # 让所有进程跑起来
        for process in process_list:
            process.daemon = True  # 设置为守护进程：主进程结束，子进程任务完不完成，都要随着主进程结束而结束
            process.start()

        # 等待进程任务完成,回收进程  director:主任：可以理解为普通员工都下班了，领导才能下班
        for director in [self.url_queue,self.request_queue,self.html_queue]:
            director.join()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    qiushi = QiuShi()
    qiushi.main()