zabbix_server.conf配置文件详解

zabbix官方文档：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/4.0/zh/manual

############ GENERAL PARAMETERS #################

### Option: ListenPort
# Listen port for trapper.
# 服务端监听端口，用于接收二级代理Proxy或直连AGENT的采集数据
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1024-32767
# Default:
# ListenPort=10051

### Option: SourceIP
# Source IP address for outgoing connections.
# 对外连接的源IP地址，即使用哪个IP地址向外发起连接（zabbix_get）
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SourceIP=

### Option: LogType
# Specifies where log messages are written to:
# system - syslog
# file - file specified with LogFile parameter
# console - standard output
# 日志输出类型:
# file - 写入LogFile 参数指定的日志文件中,
# system - 写入Windows事件日志,
# console - 控制台输出.Zabbix 3.0.0后支持该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# LogType=file

### Option: LogFile
# Log file name for LogType 'file' parameter.
# zabbix服务端日志路径，LogType的类型必须是file
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# LogFile=
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log

### Option: LogFileSize
# Maximum size of log file in MB.
# 0 - disable automatic log rotation.
# 日志达到多少M就轮替；若此参数值为0时，则不轮转，日志将不断变大，建议设置成轮转（注意: 如果日志文件达到限定的大小，文件轮替失败, 不管是什么原因, 现有的日志会被截断，并重新记录日志.）
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1024
# Default:
# LogFileSize=1

### Option: DebugLevel
# Specifies debug level:
# 0 - basic information about starting and stopping of Zabbix processes
# 1 - critical information
# 2 - error information
# 3 - warnings
# 4 - for debugging (produces lots of information)
# 5 - extended debugging (produces even more information)
# 指定调试等级:
0 - Zabxxi进程起停的基本信息
1 - 重要信息
2 - 错误信息
3 - 警告信息
4 - 调试 (产生大量信息)
5 - 扩展调试 (产生更多信息)
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-5
# Default:
# DebugLevel=3

### Option: PidFile
# Name of PID file.
# PID文件保存的全路径
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# PidFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.pid

### Option: DBHost
# Database host name.
# If set to localhost, socket is used for MySQL.
# If set to empty string, socket is used for PostgreSQL.
# 数据库主机名.如果是 localhost 或 空字符串会使用 socket. 如果是 PostgreSQL只有空字符串会使用 socket.
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
DBHost=127.0.0.1

### Option: DBName
# Database name.
# For SQLite3 path to database file must be provided. DBUser and DBPassword are ignored.
# 数据库名称.对于 SQLite3 必须提供数据库文件路径. 数据库用户名和密码可以忽略.
# Mandatory: yes
# Default:
# DBName=
DBName=zabbix

### Option: DBSchema
# Schema name. Used for IBM DB2 and PostgreSQL.
# Schema名字. IBM DB2 和 PostgreSQL使用
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBSchema=

### Option: DBUser
# Database user. Ignored for SQLite.
# 数据库用户名，SQLite忽略该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBUser=
DBUser=zabbix

### Option: DBPassword
# Database password. Ignored for SQLite.
# Comment this line if no password is used.
# 与上述数据库用户对应的登录密码
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
DBPassword=zabbix

### Option: DBSocket
# Path to MySQL socket.
# MySQL socket的路径。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock

### Option: DBPort
# Database port when not using local socket. Ignored for SQLite.
# 当不使用本地socket时，所使用的数据库端口，SQLite忽略该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1024-65535
# Default (for MySQL):
# DBPort=3306

############ ADVANCED PARAMETERS（高级参数） ################

### Option: StartPollers
# Number of pre-forked instances of pollers.
# 初始化启动时，启动子进程轮询器的数量，数量越多，则服务端吞吐能力越强，对系统资源消耗越大（在版本1.8.5之前，上限是255）
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartPollers=5

### Option: StartIPMIPollers
# Number of pre-forked instances of IPMI pollers.
# 初始化启动时，启动IPMI子进程轮询器的数量，数量越多，则服务端吞吐能力越强，对系统资源消耗越大 , 主要用于IPMI技术用于获取硬件状态场景。若无相关监控项，建议设置为0在版本1.8.5之前，上限是255）
# 如果使用IPMI监控agent，这里必须至少启动一个轮询器
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartIPMIPollers=0

### Option: StartPollersUnreachable
# Number of pre-forked instances of pollers for unreachable hosts (including IPMI and Java).
# At least one poller for unreachable hosts must be running if regular, IPMI or Java pollers
# are started.
# 默认情况下，ZABBIX会启用指定进程用于探测某些不可到达主机（含IPMI和Java场景）；若使用场景中含有代理端，建议保持默认！！！
若直接agent较多，可视具体情况调整从Zabbix 2.4.0开始，如果有常规的（agent或snmp）、IPMI或Java轮询器启动，那么至少有一个针对不可访问主机的轮询器必须运行！！！！
（在版本1.8.5之前，上限是255。这个参数在Zabbix 1.8.3之后得到了支持）
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartPollersUnreachable=1

### Option: StartTrappers
# Number of pre-forked instances of trappers.
# Trappers accept incoming connections from Zabbix sender, active agents and active proxies.
# At least one trapper process must be running to display server availability and view queue
# in the frontend.
# Trappers接受来自Zabbix sender、主动agents和主动proxies的传入连接。 至少要运行一个trapper进程来显示前端的服务器可用性和视图队列！！！！
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartTrappers=5

### Option: StartPingers
# Number of pre-forked instances of ICMP pingers.
# ICMP pingers进程实例数量。单台代理所管理机器超过500台，建议加大此数值！！！！ 1.8.5以前最大数值为255
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartPingers=1

### Option: StartDiscoverers
# Number of pre-forked instances of discoverers.
# 设置用于自动发现主机的线程数量，若单台代理所管理机器超过500台，可以考虑加大此数值（仅适用于直接AGENT场景）！！！！ 1.8.5以前最大数值为255
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-250
# Default:
# StartDiscoverers=1

### Option: StartHTTPPollers
# Number of pre-forked instances of HTTP pollers.
# HTTP 轮询器子进程实例个数，1.8.5以前最大数值为255
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartHTTPPollers=1

### Option: StartTimers
# Number of pre-forked instances of timers.
# Timers process time-based trigger functions and maintenance periods.
# Only the first timer process handles the maintenance periods.
# 计时器子进程实例数量，计时器处理基于时间的触发器函数和维护周期 主要用于触发器，标有维护标识的主机，但只第一个计时器用于计算维护标识主机 这个参数在Zabbix 2.2.0之后得到了支持
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-1000
# Default:
# StartTimers=1

### Option: StartEscalators
# Number of pre-forked instances of escalators.
# 检查Escalations的进程，这张表好像是告警事件表
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-100
# Default:
# StartEscalators=1

### Option: JavaGateway
# IP address (or hostname) of Zabbix Java gateway.
# Only required if Java pollers are started.
# Zabbix JAVA 网关的IP地址或主机名，只有当Java轮询器进程启动才需要该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# JavaGateway=

### Option: JavaGatewayPort
# Port that Zabbix Java gateway listens on.
# zabbix java网关监听的端口
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1024-32767
# Default:
# JavaGatewayPort=10052

### Option: StartJavaPollers
# Number of pre-forked instances of Java pollers.
# java轮询器预启动的进程数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000
# Default:
# StartJavaPollers=0

### Option: StartVMwareCollectors
# Number of pre-forked vmware collector instances.
# 用于设置监控VMWARE Esxi主机实例时使用，若为0则不启用，若要监控ESXI主机，此值最少为1 ；视监控ESXI数量设置对应数值！！！！
# StartVMwareCollectors=0
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-250
# Default:
# StartVMwareCollectors=0

### Option: VMwareFrequency
# How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain a new data.
# 代理端访问 VMWARE service的频率（官方：在单个VMware服务的数据收集之间延迟几秒）。此延迟应该设置为任一VMware监视项的最小更新间隔(单位:秒)。这个参数在Zabbix 2.2.0之后得到了支持
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 10-86400
# Default:
# VMwareFrequency=60

### Option: VMwarePerfFrequency
# How often Zabbix will connect to VMware service to obtain performance data.
# 多久agent Zabbix会连接到VMware的服务来获取性能数据。该延迟应该设置为任一VMware监控的监控项（使用VMware性能计数器）最小更新间隔。 Zabbix 2.2.9, 2.4.4后支持该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 10-86400
# Default:
# VMwarePerfFrequency=60

### Option: VMwareCacheSize
# Size of VMware cache, in bytes.
# Shared memory size for storing VMware data.
# Only used if VMware collectors are started.
# 存储VMware数据的共享内存大小。
VMware内部检查[vmware,buffer,…] 可以用来监控VMware缓存使用情况，只有当VMare collector启动时才使用使用该参数 (参考：内部检查)注意:如果没有配置好启动的vmware收集器实例，那么共享内存就不会被分配。\这个参数在Zabbix 2.2.0之后得到了支持
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 256K-2G
# Default:
# VMwareCacheSize=8M

### Option: VMwareTimeout
# Specifies how many seconds vmware collector waits for response from VMware service.
# 指定VMware收集器从VMware服务等待响应的秒数。vmware采集器等等 VMware 服务(vCenter or ESX 管理程序)响应的最大时长.Zabbix 2.2.9, 2.4.4后支持该参数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-300
# Default:
# VMwareTimeout=10

### Option: SNMPTrapperFile
# Temporary file used for passing data from SNMP trap daemon to the server.

#用户从SNMP trap守护程序传递数据到zabbix server的临时文件
# Must be the same as in zabbix_trap_receiver.pl or SNMPTT configuration file.
#文件路径必须与zabbix_trap_receiver.pl脚本或SNMPTT配置文件中相同
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp

### Option: StartSNMPTrapper
# If 1, SNMP trapper process is started.
# 如果为1，snmp trapper进程被启动
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1
# Default:
# StartSNMPTrapper=0

### Option: ListenIP
# List of comma delimited IP addresses that the trapper should listen on.
# Trapper will listen on all network interfaces if this parameter is missing.
#说明：zabbix服务监听的Ip地址，多个IP用逗号分开.如果没有该参数，会监听所有网络接口.Zabbix 1.8.3开始支持多Ip地址.即使用哪个IP对外提供服务
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
#ListenIP=0.0.0.0

### Option: HousekeepingFrequency
# How often Zabbix will perform housekeeping procedure (in hours).
# Housekeeping is removing outdated information from the database.
# To prevent Housekeeper from being overloaded, no more than 4 times HousekeepingFrequency
# hours of outdated information are deleted in one housekeeping cycle, for each item.
# To lower load on server startup housekeeping is postponed for 30 minutes after server start.
# With HousekeepingFrequency=0 the housekeeper can be only executed using the runtime control option.
# In this case the period of outdated information deleted in one housekeeping cycle is 4 times the
# period since the last housekeeping cycle, but not less than 4 hours and not greater than 4 days.
# 多少小时清理一次代理端数据库的history, alert, and alarms，以保持代理端数据库轻便，建议保持默认
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-24
# Default:
# HousekeepingFrequency=1

### Option: MaxHousekeeperDelete
# The table "housekeeper" contains "tasks" for housekeeping procedure in the format:
# [housekeeperid], [tablename], [field], [value].
# No more than 'MaxHousekeeperDelete' rows (corresponding to [tablename], [field], [value])
# will be deleted per one task in one housekeeping cycle.
# SQLite3 does not use this parameter, deletes all corresponding rows without a limit.
# If set to 0 then no limit is used at all. In this case you must know what you are doing!
# 每次最多删除历史数据的行数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1000000
# Default:
# MaxHousekeeperDelete=5000

### Option: SenderFrequency
# How often Zabbix will try to send unsent alerts (in seconds).
# Zabbix重新发送失败报警的频率 (单位秒).
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 5-3600
# Default:
# SenderFrequency=30

### Option: CacheSize
# Size of configuration cache, in bytes.
# Shared memory size for storing host, item and trigger data.
# 用于存储主机、监控项、触发器数据的共享内存大小.Zabbix2.2.3版本前最大可配置值为2GB
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 128K-8G
# Default:
CacheSize=8M

### Option: CacheUpdateFrequency
# How often Zabbix will perform update of configuration cache, in seconds.
# Zabbix缓存更新频率, 单位秒.
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600
# Default:
# CacheUpdateFrequency=60

### Option: StartDBSyncers
# Number of pre-forked instances of DB Syncers.
# 数据库同步实例数
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-100
# Default:
# StartDBSyncers=4

### Option: HistoryCacheSize
# Size of history cache, in bytes.
# Shared memory size for storing history data.
# 历史缓存大小，存储历史数据的共享缓存大小
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 128K-2G
# Default:
# HistoryCacheSize=16M

### Option: HistoryIndexCacheSize
#Size of history index cache, in bytes.
#Shared memory size for indexing history cache.
# 历史索引缓存大小，历史索引缓存共享内存
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 128K-2G
# Default:
# HistoryIndexCacheSize=4M

### Option: TrendCacheSize
# Size of trend cache, in bytes.
# Shared memory size for storing trends data.
# 趋势缓存的大小，单位字节。用于存储趋势数据的共享内存大小。
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 128K-2G
# Default:
# TrendCacheSize=4M

### Option: ValueCacheSize
# Size of history value cache, in bytes.
# Shared memory size for caching item history data requests.
# Setting to 0 disables value cache.
# 历史值数据缓存大小, 单位bytes.缓存item历史数据请求的共享内存大小.0即禁止缓存 (不建议).当缓存大小超过共享内存时，每5分钟会向服务器日志写入一条警告信息.该参数 Zabbix 2.2.0以后的版本中都支持.
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0,128K-64G
# Default:
# ValueCacheSize=8M

### Option: Timeout
# Specifies how long we wait for agent, SNMP device or external check (in seconds).
# Agent, SNMP 设备或外部检查（External check）的超时时长(单位秒)
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-30
# Default:
# Timeout=3

Timeout=30

### Option: TrapperTimeout
# Specifies how many seconds trapper may spend processing new data.
# 捕捉器（Zabbix Trapper）处理新数据的最长时间
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-300
# Default:
# TrapperTimeout=300

### Option: UnreachablePeriod
# After how many seconds of unreachability treat a host as unavailable.
# 在多少秒连接不到客户端，即视为客户端主机不可到达
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600
# Default:
# UnreachablePeriod=45

### Option: UnavailableDelay
# How often host is checked for availability during the unavailability period, in seconds.
# 在不可用期间，主机多少秒检查一次是否可用
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600
# Default:
# UnavailableDelay=60

### Option: UnreachableDelay
# How often host is checked for availability during the unreachability period, in seconds.
# 在不可达期间，主机多少秒检查一次是否可用
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600
# Default:
# UnreachableDelay=15

#思考上面的两个选项UnavailableDelay和UnreachableDelay有什么区别？？？？

### Option: AlertScriptsPath
# Full path to location of custom alert scripts.
# Default depends on compilation options.
# 自定义报警脚本位置 (依赖编译安装时的参数设置 datadir).
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# AlertScriptsPath=${datadir}/zabbix/alertscripts

### Option: ExternalScripts
# Full path to location of external scripts.
# Default depends on compilation options.
# 外部脚本位置 (依赖编译安装时的变量datadir). 配置External check类型的监控时需要用到该脚本
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# ExternalScripts=${datadir}/zabbix/externalscripts

### Option: FpingLocation
# Location of fping.
# Make sure that fping binary has root ownership and SUID flag set.
# fping指令的路径.确保fping的属主是root用户，并且设置了SUID!
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# FpingLocation=/usr/sbin/fping
FpingLocation=/usr/local/fping/sbin/fping

### Option: Fping6Location
# Location of fping6.
# Make sure that fping6 binary has root ownership and SUID flag set.
# Make empty if your fping utility is capable to process IPv6 addresses.
# fping6指令的路径.确保fping的宿主是root用户，并且设置了SUID!
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# Fping6Location=/usr/sbin/fping6

### Option: SSHKeyLocation
# Location of public and private keys for SSH checks and actions.
# 用于SSH检查和操作的公钥和私钥的位置（注意，这里仅是路径，不要包含秘钥文件名）
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SSHKeyLocation=

### Option: LogSlowQueries
# How long a database query may take before being logged (in milliseconds).
# Only works if DebugLevel set to 3, 4 or 5.
# 0 - don't log slow queries.
# 在记录之前数据库查询可能需要多长时间（以毫秒为单位）。
# DebugLevel设置为3，4或5时，才生效！！！！！
# 0 不记录慢查询
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600000
# Default:
# LogSlowQueries=0

LogSlowQueries=3000

### Option: TmpDir
# Temporary directory.
# 临时目录
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TmpDir=/tmp

### Option: StartProxyPollers
# Number of pre-forked instances of pollers for passive proxies.
# 被动代理（proxy）的预分派轮询实例的数量
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-250
# Default:
# StartProxyPollers=1

### Option: ProxyConfigFrequency
# How often Zabbix Server sends configuration data to a Zabbix Proxy in seconds.
# This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode.
# Zabbix Server发送配置数据到Zabbix Proxy的频率，单位秒。 此参数仅用于被动模式下的Proxy代理！！！！！
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600*24*7
# Default:
# ProxyConfigFrequency=3600

### Option: ProxyDataFrequency
# How often Zabbix Server requests history data from a Zabbix Proxy in seconds.
# This parameter is used only for proxies in the passive mode.
# Zabbix Server向Zabbix Proxy请求历史数据的频率，单位秒。此参数仅用于被动模式下的Proxy代理！！！！！！
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 1-3600
# Default:
# ProxyDataFrequency=1

### Option: AllowRoot
# Allow the server to run as 'root'. If disabled and the server is started by 'root', the server
# will try to switch to the user specified by the User configuration option instead.
# Has no effect if started under a regular user.
# 0 - do not allow
# 1 - allow
# 允许服务器以“root”身份运行。如果禁用并且服务器以“root”启动，则服务器将尝试切换到User配置选项指定的用户。如果在普通用户下启动，则不起作用！！！！！
# 0 不允许
# 1 允许
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# AllowRoot=0

### Option: User
# Drop privileges to a specific, existing user on the system.
# Only has effect if run as 'root' and AllowRoot is disabled.
# 降低权限为系统中存在的指定用户。仅当系统以'root'身份运行且AllowRoot=0，即禁止时，该参数才起作用。Zabbix 2.4.0后支持该参数。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# User=zabbix

### Option: Include
# You may include individual files or all files in a directory in the configuration file.
# Installing Zabbix will create include directory in /usr/local/etc, unless modified during the compile time.
# 您可以将单个文件或所有文件包含在配置文件的目录中。安装Zabbix将在/usr/local/etc中创建include目录，除非在编译期间进行修改。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# Include=

# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/
# Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf

### Option: SSLCertLocation
# Location of SSL client certificates
# This parameter is used only in web monitoring
# SSL客户端证书的位置。此参数仅用于Web监控
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SSLCertLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/certs

### Option: SSLKeyLocation
# Location of private keys for SSL client certificates.
# This parameter is used only in web monitoring.
# SSL客户端证书的私钥位置。此参数仅用于Web监控。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SSLKeyLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/keys

### Option: SSLCALocation
# Override the location of certificate authority (CA) files for SSL server certificate verification.
# If not set, system-wide directory will be used.
# This parameter is used only in web monitoring and SMTP authentication.
# 覆盖用于SSL服务器证书验证的证书颁发机构（CA）文件的位置。如果未设置，系统范围的目录将被使用。该参数仅用于Web监控和SMTP认证。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# SSLCALocation=

####### LOADABLE MODULES #######

### Option: LoadModulePath
# Full path to location of server modules.
# Default depends on compilation options.
# 服务器模块位置的完整路径。默认取决于编译选项。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# LoadModulePath=${libdir}/modules

### Option: LoadModule
# Module to load at server startup. Modules are used to extend functionality of the server.
# Format: LoadModule=<module.so>
# The modules must be located in directory specified by LoadModulePath.
# It is allowed to include multiple LoadModule parameters.
# 在服务器启动时加载模块。模块用于扩展服务器的功能。格式：LoadModule = <module.so>，模块必须位于LoadModulePath指定的目录中。 ＃允许包含多个LoadModule参数。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# LoadModule=

####### TLS-RELATED PARAMETERS #######

### Option: TLSCAFile
# Full pathname of a file containing the top-level CA(s) certificates for
# peer certificate verification.
# 包含对等证书验证的顶级CA（s）证书的文件的完整路径名。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCAFile=

### Option: TLSCRLFile
# Full pathname of a file containing revoked certificates.
# 包含吊销证书的文件的完整路径名。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCRLFile=

### Option: TLSCertFile
# Full pathname of a file containing the server certificate or certificate chain.
# 包含服务器证书或证书链的文件的完整路径名。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSCertFile=

### Option: TLSKeyFile
# Full pathname of a file containing the server private key.
# 包含服务器私钥的文件的完整路径名。
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# TLSKeyFile=