hashlib模块

hashlib

1.常见的几种加密方法及其使用方法：

#1、 md5
hash = hashlib.md5()
hash.update(bytes('admin', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())
print(hash.digest())
#21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3
#b'!#/)zWxa5xa7Cx89Jx0eJx80x1fxc3'

#2、sha1
hash = hashlib.sha1()
hash.update(bytes('1', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())
#356a192b7913b04c54574d18c28d46e6395428ab

#3、sha256
hash = hashlib.sha256()
hash.update(bytes('1', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())
#6b86b273ff34fce19d6b804eff5a3f5747ada4eaa22f1d49c01e52ddb7875b4b

#4、sha384
hash = hashlib.sha384()
hash.update(bytes('1', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())
#47f05d367b0c32e438fb63e6cf4a5f35c2aa2f90dc7543f8a41a0f95ce8a40a313ab5cf36134a2068c4c969cb50db776

#5、sha512
hash = hashlib.sha512()
hash.update(bytes('1', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())
#4dff4ea340f0a823f15d3f4f01ab62eae0e5da579ccb851f8db9dfe84c58b2b37b89903a740e1ee172da793a6e79d560e5f7f9bd058a12a280433ed6fa46510a

缺陷：因为每台电脑都可以进行加密，有些机器会一直运算产生密文映射库

　　　　所以以上加密算法虽然依然非常厉害，但时候存在缺陷，即：通过撞库可以反解。

　　　　因此，有必要对加密算法中添加自定义key再来做加密。

import hashlib
 
# md5
hash = hashlib.md5()
hash = hashlib.md5(bytes('可以进行2重加密', encoding='utf-8'))
hash.update(bytes('1', encoding='utf-8'))
print(hash.hexdigest())

注意事项：加密算法无法直接对一个字符或者字符串加密，我们必须这些字符串转换成bytes类型再进行加密

#加密登录注册系统
import hashlib

def md5(arg):
    #ooo = hashlib.md5()
    ooo = hashlib.md5(bytes("acker",encoding = "utf-8")) #md5里面还可以加参数，进行第2次加密
    ooo.update(bytes('arg', encoding='utf-8'))
    return ooo.hexdigest()

def login(user,pwd):
    with open("db","r",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        for line in f :
            u,p = line.strip().split("|")
            if u == user and p == md5(pwd):
                return True

def register(use,pwd):
    with open("db","a",encoding="utf-8") as f:
        temp = user + "|" + md5(pwd)
        f.write(temp)

i = input("1，登录；2，注册")
if i == "2":
    user = input("用户名：")
    pwd = input("密码：")
    register(user,pwd)
elif i == "1":
    user = input("用户名：")
    pwd = input("密码：")
    r = login(user,pwd)
    if r :
        print("登录成功")
    else:
        print("登录失败")