张季跃 201771010139《面向对象程序设计（java）》第十五周学习总结

 

张季跃 201771010139《面向对象程序设计（java）》第十五周学习总结

第一部分：理论知识学习部分

第13章 部署应用程序：

 JAR文件:

1. Java程序的打包：程序编译完成后，程序员 将.class文件压缩打包为.jar文件后，GUI界面 程序就可以直接双击图标运行。
2. .jar文件（Java归档）既可以包含类文件，也可 以包含诸如图像和声音这些其它类型的文件。
3. JAR文件是压缩的，它使用ZIP压缩格式.
4. 清单文件

(1) 每个JAR文件中包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文 件(manifest)。清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF，它 位于JAR文件的一个特殊的META-INF子目录中。

(2) 最小的符合标准的清单文件是很简单的： Manifest-Version：1.0 复杂的清单文件包含多个条目，这些条目被分成 多个节。第一节被称为主节，作用于整个JAR文件。 随后的条目用来指定已命名条目的属性，可以是文件 、包或者URL。

(3) 清单文件的节与节之间用空行分开，最后一行必须以 换行符结束。否则，清单文件将无法被正确地读取.

     5.资源:

 

       (1) Java中，应用程序使用的类通常需要一些相关的数 据文件，这些文件称为资源(Resource)。 –图像和声音文件。 –带有消息字符串和按钮标签的文本文件。 –二进制数据文件，如：描述地图布局的文件。

 

(2) 类加载器知道如何搜索类文件，直到在类路径、 存档文件或Web服务器上找到为止。

 

(3)利用资源机制对于非类文件也可以进行同样操作 ，具体步骤如下： – 获得资源的Class对象。 – 如果资源是一个图像或声音文件，那么就需要调用 getresource(filename)获得资源的URL位置，然后利 用getImage或getAudioClip方法进行读取。 – 如果资源是文本或二进制文件，那么就可以使用 getResouceAsStream方法读取文件中的数据.

 

(4)资源文件可以与类文件放在同一个目录中，也可 以将资源文件放在其它子目录中.

 

第二部分：实验操作：

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作；

(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法；

(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法；

(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1： 导入第13章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中，再运行该归档文件，以便确认程序是从JAR文件中，而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。

l 掌握创建JAR文件的方法；

package resource;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * 一个加载图像和文本资源的框架
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;

   public ResourceTestFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      //返回类，并查找带有给定名称的资源。
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
      //利用about.gif图像文件制作图标，在找到ResourceTest类的地方查找about.gif文件
      setIconImage(img);
      //读取文件夹内容，写入到文本区中
      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
      //创建文本区
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "
");
      }
      add(textArea);
   }
}

测试结果：

 

测试程序2

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材583页-584程序13-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Properties类中常用的方法；

测试代码：

package properties;

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;

   private File propertiesFile;
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
      // 从属性中获取位置、大小和标题

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
      //（读取单个键）找出用户的主目录，主目录包含user.home
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");
      //把所有默认值放在一个二级属性映射中，并在主属性映射的构造器中提供这个二级属性
      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");

      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);
         }
         catch (IOException ex)
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 如果没有标题，询问用户

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);
      //添加指定的窗口侦听器，以从此窗口接收窗口事件
      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

测试结果：

测试程序3

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Preferences类中常用的方法；

测试代码：

package preferences;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");
   // 定义节点路径名
   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // 从偏好获得位置、大小、标题

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 如果没有标题，询问用户

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      // 设置显示XML文件的文件选择器

      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // 设置菜单

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      menu.add(exitItem);
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         savePreferences();
         System.exit(0);
      });
   }
   
   public void savePreferences() 
   {
      node.putInt("left", getX());
      node.putInt("top", getY());
      node.putInt("width", getWidth());
      node.putInt("height", getHeight());
      node.put("title", getTitle());      
   }
}

测试结果：

测试程序4

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。

测试代码：

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A calculator with a calculation history that can be deployed as a Java Web Start application.
 * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Calculator
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->             {
               CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
               frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
               frame.setVisible(true);
         });
   }
}

package webstart;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;

   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
      
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;

         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();

         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");

         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;

            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });

         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("
");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{  
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   {  
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
      
      // add the display

      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);

      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
      
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid

      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
   
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }

   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {  
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }

   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {  
         String command = event.getActionCommand();

         if (start)
         {  
            if (command.equals("-")) 
            { 
               display.append(command); 
               start = false; 
            }
            else 
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {  
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command); 
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("
" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("
");
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation. 
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   }  
}

实验2：GUI综合编程练习

按实验十四分组名单，组内讨论完成以下编程任务：

练习1：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布：

编制一个程序，将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中；

按姓名字典序输出人员信息；

查询最大年龄的人员信息；

查询最小年龄人员信息；

输入你的年龄，查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地；

查询人员中是否有你的同乡。

输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。

测试代码：

package IDcard;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Timer;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Main1 extends JFrame
{
    private static ArrayList<Person> Personlist;
    
    
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    File file = new File("C:\Users\张季跃\Desktop\第十周实验报告\身份证号.txt");
    
    private JPanel Panel;
    private JLabel JLabel1;
    private JButton Button,Button2,Button3;
    private JTextArea text,text1,text2,text3;
    boolean tru=true;
    
    
    
    public  Main1() {

        
        Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
        Button = new JButton("1:按姓名字典序输出人员信息");
        Button2 = new JButton("2:查询最大年龄与最小年龄人员信息");
        Button3 = new JButton("查询相近年龄");
        JLabel1 = new JLabel("输入身份证号或者地址查询");
        JLabel1.setBounds(900, 50, 400, 30);
        
        text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(50, 180, 700, 700);
        text1=new JTextArea(1,30);text1.setBounds(900, 80, 400, 30);
        text2=new JTextArea(30,80);text2.setBounds(900,180,700, 700);
        text3=new JTextArea(30,80);text3.setBounds(420,100,200,40);
       
        Button.addActionListener(new Action());Button.setBounds(50,50,300,40);
        Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());Button2.setBounds(50,100,300,40);
        Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());Button3.setBounds(650,100,120,40);
        Panel.add(JLabel1);
        Panel.add(Button);
        Panel.add(Button2);
        Panel.add(Button3);
        Panel.add(text);
        Panel.add(text2);
        Panel.add(text1);
        Panel.add(text3);
        add(Panel);
        
        
        Timer timer = new Timer();      
        TimerTask timeTask=new TimerTask() {
            
             @Override
            public void run()
             {             
                     // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                     text2.setText(null);
                     String place=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getbirthplace();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }      
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getID();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }    
                     
            }
            
        };timer.schedule(timeTask, 0,100);
     
        Personlist = new ArrayList<>();       
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {            
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);               
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String ID = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String place =linescanner.nextLine();
                Person Person = new Person();
                Person.setname(name);
                Person.setID(ID);
                Person.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                Person.setage(a);
                Person.setbirthplace(place);
                Personlist.add(Person);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("查无此人");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("读取出错");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        
    }
    
    


    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         Collections.sort(Personlist);
         text.append(Personlist.toString());
        }

    }         

    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
            text.setText(null);
            int max=0,min=100;int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
            for(int i=1;i<Personlist.size();i++)
            {
                j=Personlist.get(i).getage();
               if(j>max)
               {
                   max=j; 
                   k1=i;
               }
               if(j<min)
               {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
               }
            }  
            text.append("年龄最大：   "+Personlist.get(k1)+"
"+"年龄最小：  "+Personlist.get(k2));     
            }
   
        }          

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         int a = Integer.parseInt(text3.getText().toString().trim());         
         int d_value=a-Personlist.get(agenear(a)).getage();
         
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             int p=Personlist.get(i).getage()-a;
            
             if(p==d_value||-p==d_value) text.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
         } 
        }

    } 
    
    
    public static int agenear(int age) {
        
        int j=0,min=53,d_value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             d_value=Personlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(d_value<0) d_value=-d_value; 
             if (d_value<min) 
             {
                min=d_value;
                k=i;
             }

          }    return k;
         
      }

}

package IDcard;

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> {
private String name;
private String ID;
private int age;
private String sex;
private String birthplace;

public String getname() 
{
    return name;
}
public void setname(String name) 
{
    this.name = name;
}
public String getID() 
{
    return ID;
}
public void setID(String ID) 
{
    this.ID= ID;
}
public int getage()
{
    return age;
}
public void setage(int age) 
{
    this.age= age;
}
public String getsex()
{
    return sex;
}
public void setsex(String sex)
{
    this.sex= sex;
}
public String getbirthplace() 
{
    return birthplace;
}
public void setbirthplace(String birthplace)
{
    this.birthplace= birthplace;
}

public int compareTo(Person o) 
{
   return this.name.compareTo(o.getname());
}

public String toString() 
{
    return  name+"	"+sex+"	"+age+"	"+ID+"	"+birthplace+"
";

}



}

package IDcard;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class Out {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Main1();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth(),(int)s.getHeight());
                frame.setTitle("第四组");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}

测试结果：

练习2：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布

编写一个计算器类，可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作

利用计算机类，设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序，由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题，学生输入答案，由程序检查答案是否正确，每道题正确计10分，错误不计分，10道题测试结束后给出测试总分；

将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件，文件名为test.txt。

测试代码：

package test;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class New {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Demo();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth()/2,(int)s.getHeight()/2);
                frame.setTitle("第四组");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}

package test;

import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.math.*;


public class Demo extends JFrame {
    
    private String[] c=new String[10];
    private String[] c1=new String[10];
    private int[] list=new int[10];
    int i=0,i1=0,sum = 0;
    private PrintWriter out = null;
    private JTextArea text,text1;
    private int counter;
    
    public Demo()  {
        JPanel Panel = new JPanel();
        Panel.setLayout(null);
        JLabel JLabel1=new JLabel("");
        JLabel1.setBounds(500, 800, 400, 30);
        JLabel1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
        JButton Button = new JButton("生成题目");
        Button.setBounds(50,150,150,50);
        Button.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20)); 
        Button.addActionListener(new Action());
        JButton Button2 = new JButton("确定答案");
        Button2.setBounds(300,150,150,50);
        Button2.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));
        Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
        JButton Button3 = new JButton("读出文件");
        Button3.setBounds(500,150,150,50);
        Button3.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));
        Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
         text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(30, 50, 200, 50);
         text.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
         text1=new JTextArea(30,80);
         text1.setBounds(270, 50, 200, 50);
         text1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));

         Panel.add(text);
         Panel.add(text1);

         Panel.add(Button);
         Panel.add(Button2);
         Panel.add(Button3);
         Panel.add(JLabel1);
         add(Panel);
         
         
         


           
                  
    }
    
    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
        text1.setText("0");
        if(i<10) {
        
        int a = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int b = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int m= (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);
      switch(m)
      {
      case 0:
          while(a<b){  
              b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
              a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 
          }  
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.floorDiv(a, b);
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
          i++;   
          break; 
      case 1:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");
                list[i]=Math.multiplyExact(a, b);
                text.setText(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");        
           i++;
          break;
       case 2:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
                list[i]=Math.addExact(a, b);
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
          i++;
          break ;
      case 3:
          while(a<=b){  
              b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);
              a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); 
          }    
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.subtractExact(a, b);
          i++;
          break ;
          }
        }
      }
    }      
    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {    
            if(i<10) {
                text.setText(null);        
                String daan=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                int a = Integer.parseInt(daan);
                if(text1.getText()!="") {
                    if(list[i1]==a) sum+=10;
                }        
                c1[i1]=daan;
                i1++; 
            }
        }
    }      
    

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
         
            try {
                out = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            for(int counter=0;counter<10;counter++)
            {
                out.println(c[counter]+c1[counter]);
            }
            out.println("成绩"+sum);
            out.close();

            }

    }   
}

测试结果：

 第三部分：实验总结：

      在这一周的学习过程中，我主要学习了有关部署应用程序的知识，即进一步加深了解了如何用图形的方式来显示用户操作界面，这种显示方式让用户操作界面更加简洁明了。但是，在做实验的时候，我发现我对于这一部分的知识掌握的很差，特别是在自主完成实验时，就算有同组的两名同学帮助，还是有太多的地方不懂，最后还是在参考同学的程序的前提下才完成的实验。