一、MHA 简介
MHA（Master High Availability）目前在 MySQL 高可用方面是一个相对成熟的解决方案， 它由日本 DeNA 公司的 youshimaton 员工（现就职于 Facebook 公司）开发，是一套优秀的作 为 MySQL 高可用性环境下故障切换和主从角色提升的高可用软件。在 MySQL 故障切换过程 中，MHA 能做到在 0~30 秒之内自动完成数据库的主从故障切换操作，并且在进行故障切换 的过程中，MHA 能在最大程度上保证数据的一致性，以达到真正意义上的高可用。
MHA 由两部分组成：MHA Manager（管理节点）和 MHA Node（数据节点）。MHA Manager 可以单独部署在一台独立的机器上管理多个 master-slave 集群，也可以部署在一台 slave 节 点上。MHA Node 运行在每台 MySQL 服务器及 Manager 服务器上，MHA Manager 会定时探 测集群中的 master 节点，当 master 出现故障时，它可以自动将拥有最新数据的 slave 提升 为新的 master，然后将所有其他的 slave 重新指向新提升的 master。整个故障转移过程对应 用程序层面完全透明。
在 MHA 自动故障切换过程中，MHA 会试图从宕机的主服务器上保存二进制日志，最大 程度的保证数据不丢失，但这种操作是有概率性的。例如，如果主服务器硬件故障或无法通 过 ssh 访问，MHA没法保存二进制日志，只进行故障转移从而丢失了最新的数据。使用MySQL 5.5 的半同步复制，可以降低数据丢失的风险。MHA 可以与半同步复制结合起来。如果只有 一个 slave 已经收到了最新的二进制日志，MHA 可以将最新的二进制日志应用于其他所有的 slave 服务器上，因此可以保证所有节点的数据一致性。
目前 MHA 主要支持一主多从的架构，要搭建 MHA,要求一个复制集群中必须最少有三 台数据库服务器，一主二从，即一台充当 master，一台充当备用 master，另外一台充当从 库，因为至少需要三台服务器，出于机器成本的考虑，淘宝也在该基础上进行了改造，目前 淘宝 TMHA 已经支持一主一从。另外对于想快速搭建的可以参考：MHA 快速搭建 我们自己使用其实也可以使用 1 主 1 从，但是 master 主机宕机后无法切换，以及无法补全 binlog。master 的 mysqld 进程 crash 后，还是可以切换成功，以及补全 binlog 的。
1.1、工作流程
（1）从宕机崩溃的 master 上尝试保存二进制日志事件（binlog events）; （2）识别含有最新更新的 slave 服务器； （3）应用差异的中继日志（relay log）到其他的 slave； （4）应用从 master 保存的二进制日志事件（binlog events）； （5）提升一个 slave 为新的 master 服务器； （6）将其他的 slave 连接指向新的 master 进行主从复制；
1.2、MHA 工具介绍
MHA 软件由两部分组成，Manager 工具包和 Node 工具包，具体的说明如下。
Manager 工具包主要包括以下几个工具： ➢ masterha_check_ssh 检查 MHA 的 SSH 配置状况 ➢ masterha_check_repl 检查 MySQL 复制状况 ➢ masterha_manger 启动 MHA ➢ masterha_check_status 检测当前 MHA 运行状态 ➢ masterha_master_monitor 检测 master 是否宕机 ➢ masterha_master_switch 控制故障转移（自动或者手动） ➢ masterha_conf_host 添加或删除配置的 server 信息
Node 工具包（这些工具通常由 MHA Manager 的脚本触发，无需人为操作）主要包括以下几 个工具： ➢ save_binary_logs 保存和复制 master 的二进制日志 ➢ apply_diff_relay_logs 识别差异的中继日志事件并将其差异的事件应用于其他的 slave ➢ filter_mysqlbinlog 去除不必要的 ROLLBACK 事件（MHA 已不再使用这个工具）
➢ purge_relay_logs 清除中继日志（不会阻塞 SQL 线程）
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注意：为了尽可能的减少主库硬件损坏宕机造成的数据丢失，因此在配置 MHA 的同时建议 配置成 MySQL 5.5 的半同步复制。关于半同步复制原理各位自己进行查阅。（不是必须）
1
实验环境准备五台虚拟机
192.168.200.111（master主从）
192.168.200.112（master主从）
192.168.200.113（slave1从）
192.168.200.114（slave2从）
192.168.200.115（manager监控）
所有服务器关闭防火墙和selinux systemctl stop firewalld iptables -F setenforce 0
二、前期环境部署 2.1、配置所有主机名称 master1 主机: hostname server01 bash master2 主机: hostname server02 bash slave1 主机: hostname server03 bash slave2 主机: hostname server04 bash manager 主机: hostname server05 bas
2.2、配置所有主机名映射 [root@server05 ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.200.111 server01 192.168.200.112 server02 192.168.200.113 server03 192.168.200.114 server04 192.168.200.115 server05 scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.111:/etc/ scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.112:/etc/ scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.113:/etc/ scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.114:/etc/ scp /etc/hosts 192.168.200.115:/etc/
三、安装 MHA node
3.1、所有主机安装 MHA node 及相关 perl 依赖包
安装 epel 源:
[root@server02 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:epel-release-7-11 ################################# [100%]
perl 依赖包并检查依赖包是否都已安装
[root@server02 ~]# yum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 perl-DBI.x86_64 perl-CPAN perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker [root@server02 ~]# rpm -q perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 perl-DBI.x86_64 perl-CPAN perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 perl-CPAN-1.9800-294.el7_6.noarch perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder-0.28.2.6-294.el7_6.noarch perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker-6.68-3.el7.noarch
3.2、所有主机上安装 MHA Node
tar xf mha4mysql-node-0.56.tar.gz cd mha4mysql-node-0.56/ perl Makefile.PL make && make install
3.3、MHA Node 安装完后会在 /usr/local/bin 生成以下脚本
[root@server02 mha4mysql-node-0.56]# ls -l /usr/local/bin/ total 40 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 16346 Oct 23 01:15 apply_diff_relay_logs -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 4807 Oct 23 01:15 filter_mysqlbinlog -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 7401 Oct 23 01:15 purge_relay_logs -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 7395 Oct 23 01:15 save_binary_logs
四、安装 MHA Manger
注意：安装 MHA Manger 之前也需要安装 MHA Node
4.1、首先安装 MHA Manger 依赖的 perl 模块（我这里使用 yum 安装）
yum install -y perl perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-DBD-MySQL perl
yum -y install perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch.rpm
检查软件包是否安装
[root@server05 ~]# rpm -q perl perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-DBD-MySQL perl-DBI perl-Time-HiRes perl-Config-Tiny perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 perl-Log-Dispatch-2.41-1.el7.1.noarch perl-Parallel-ForkManager-1.18-2.el7.noarch perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 perl-Config-Tiny-2.14-7.el7.noarch
4.2、安装 MHA Manger 软件包
tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56/ perl Makefile.PL make && make instal
4.3、安装完成后会有以下脚本文件
[root@server05 ~]# ls -l /usr/local/bin/ total 80 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 16346 Oct 23 01:15 apply_diff_relay_logs -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 4807 Oct 23 01:15 filter_mysqlbinlog -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 1995 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_check_repl -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 1779 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_check_ssh -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 1865 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_check_status -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 3201 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_conf_host -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 2517 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_manager -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 2165 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_master_monitor -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 2373 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_master_switch -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 3879 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_secondary_check -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 1739 Oct 23 01:35 masterha_stop -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2807 Oct 23 01:56 master_ip_failover -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 7401 Oct 23 01:15 purge_relay_logs -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 7395 Oct 23 01:15 save_binary_logs
五、配置 SSH 密钥对验证
5.1、Server05(192.168.200.115)上: ssh-keygen -t rsa ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.200.111 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.200.112 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.200.113 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.200.114 注意：Server05 需要连接每个主机测试，因为第一次连接的时候需要输入 yes，影响后期故 障切换时，对于每个主机的 SSH 控制。 ssh server(01-04)
111-114四台配置密钥对不需要给115其他的服务器都要给
六、安装 mysql
[root@server01 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb-devel
[root@server02 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb-devel
[root@server03 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb-devel
[root@server04 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb-devel
systemctl start mariadb
设置数据库初始密码（后续操作中使用）
mysqladmin -u root password 123456
七、搭建主从复制环境
注意：binlog-do-db 和 replicate-ignore-db 设置必须相同。 MHA 在启动时候会检测过滤规 则，如果过滤规则不同，MHA 将不启动监控和故障转移功能。
7.1、修改 mysql 主机的配置文件
Primary Master(192.168.200.111): vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id = 1 log-bin=master-bin log-slave-updates=true relay_log_purge=0 systemctl restart mariadb Secondary Master(192.168.200.112): vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=2 log-bin=master-bin log-slave-updates=true relay_log_purge=0 systemctl restart mariadb slave1(192.168.200.113): vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=3 log-bin=mysql-bin relay-log=slave-relay-bin log-slave-updates=true relay_log_purge=0 systemctl restart mariadb slave2(192.168.200.114): vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=4 log-bin=mysql-bin relay-log=slave-relay-bin log-slave-updates=true relay_log_purge=0 systemctl restart mariadb
mysql 服务器创建复制授权用户(111-114)
grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123456'; flush privileges;
查看主库备份时的 binlog 名称和位置
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | master-bin.000001 | 474 | | | +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(112-114)做授权
stop slave; CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.200.111', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=474; start slave; show slave statusG # 检查 IO 和 SQL 线程是否为：yes Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
三台 slave 服务器设置 read_only 状态
从库对外只提供读服务，只所以没有写进 mysql 配置文件，是因为随时 server02 会提升为 master
[root@server02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'set global read_only=1' [root@server03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'set global read_only=1' [root@server04 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'set global read_only=1'
创建监控用户（111-114 主机上的操作）：
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.200.%' identified by '123456'; flush privileges; 为自己的主机名授权： （server01-04） grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'server01' identified by '123456'; flush privileges;
配置 MHA 环境
创建 MHA 的工作目录及相关配置文件
Server05(192.168.200.115)：在软件包解压后的目录里面有样例配置文件
mkdir /etc/masterha cp mha4mysql-manager-0.56/samples/conf/app1.cnf /etc/masterha
修改 app1.cnf 配置文件
[root@server05 ~]# vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
manager_workdir=/var/log/masterha/app1
master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
password=123456
ping_interval=1
remote_workdir=/tmp
repl_password=123456
repl_user=repl
user=root
[server1]
hostname=server01
port=3306
[server2]
hostname=server02
candidate_master=1
port=3306
check_repl_delay=0
[server3]
hostname=server03
port=3306
[server4]
hostname=server04
port=3306
配置故障转移脚本
[root@server05 ~]# vim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all';
use Getopt::Long;
my (
$command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,
$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port,
);
my $vip = '192.168.200.100'; # 写入VIP
my $key = "1"; #非keepalived方式切换脚本使用的
my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key $vip";
my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key down"; #那么这里写服务的开关命令
$ssh_user = "root";
GetOptions(
'command=s' => $command,
'ssh_user=s' => $ssh_user,
'orig_master_host=s' => $orig_master_host,
'orig_master_ip=s' => $orig_master_ip,
'orig_master_port=i' => $orig_master_port,
'new_master_host=s' => $new_master_host,
'new_master_ip=s' => $new_master_ip,
'new_master_port=i' => $new_master_port,
);
exit &main();
sub main {
print "
IN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===
";
if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {
# $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed.
# If you manage master ip address at global catalog database,
# invalidate orig_master_ip here.
my $exit_code = 1;
#eval {
# print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host
";
# &stop_vip();
# $exit_code = 0;
#};
eval {
print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host
";
#my $ping=`ping -c 1 10.0.0.13 | grep "packet loss" | awk -F',' '{print $3}' | awk '{print $1}'`;
#if ( $ping le "90.0%"&& $ping gt "0.0%" ){
#$exit_code = 0;
#}
#else {
&stop_vip();
# updating global catalog, etc
$exit_code = 0;
#}
};
if ($@) {
warn "Got Error: $@
";
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {
# all arguments are passed.
# If you manage master ip address at global catalog database,
# activate new_master_ip here.
# You can also grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here.
my $exit_code = 10;
eval {
print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host
";
&start_vip();
$exit_code = 0;
};
if ($@) {
warn $@;
exit $exit_code;
}
exit $exit_code;
}
elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {
print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK
";
`ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_ip " $ssh_start_vip "`;
exit 0;
}
else {
&usage();
exit 1;
}
}
# A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master
sub start_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user@$new_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`;
}
# A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master
sub stop_vip() {
`ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_stop_vip "`;
}
sub usage {
print
"Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --
new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port
"; }
设置从库 relay log 的清除方式(112-114)：
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'set global relay_log_purge=0;'
检查 MHA ssh 通信状态
[root@server05 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf Wed Oct 23 02:58:00 2019 - [info] server01(192.168.200.111:3306) Wed Oct 23 02:58:00 2019 - [info] server02(192.168.200.112:3306) Wed Oct 23 02:58:00 2019 - [info] server03(192.168.200.113:3306) Wed Oct 23 02:58:00 2019 - [info] server04(192.168.200.114:3306) Wed Oct 23 02:58:07 2019 - [info] server01 (current master) +--server02 +--server03 +--server04 Checking the Status of the script.. OK Wed Oct 23 02:58:08 2019 - [info] OK. Wed Oct 23 02:58:08 2019 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined. Wed Oct 23 02:58:08 2019 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead). MySQL Replication Health is OK.
检查整个集群的状态
[root@server05 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
Wed Oct 23 02:59:37 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:37 2019 - [info] Reading application default configurations from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:37 2019 - [info] Reading server configurations from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:37 2019 - [info] MHA::MasterMonitor version 0.56.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Dead Servers:
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Alive Servers:
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server01(192.168.200.111:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server02(192.168.200.112:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server03(192.168.200.113:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server04(192.168.200.114:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Alive Slaves:
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server02(192.168.200.112:3306) Version=5.5.64-MariaDB (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.200.111(192.168.200.111:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Primary candidate for the new Master (candidate_master is set)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server03(192.168.200.113:3306) Version=5.5.64-MariaDB (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.200.111(192.168.200.111:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] server04(192.168.200.114:3306) Version=5.5.64-MariaDB (oldest major version between slaves) log-bin:enabled
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Replicating from 192.168.200.111(192.168.200.111:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Current Alive Master: server01(192.168.200.111:3306)
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Checking slave configurations..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] read_only=1 is not set on slave server02(192.168.200.112:3306).
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [warning] relay_log_purge=0 is not set on slave server02(192.168.200.112:3306).
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Checking replication filtering settings..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] binlog_do_db= , binlog_ignore_db=
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Replication filtering check ok.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:38 2019 - [info] Starting SSH connection tests..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:42 2019 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:42 2019 - [info] Checking MHA Node version..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:43 2019 - [info] Version check ok.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:43 2019 - [info] Checking SSH publickey authentication settings on the current master..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:43 2019 - [info] HealthCheck: SSH to server01 is reachable.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Master MHA Node version is 0.56.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Checking recovery script configurations on the current master..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Executing command: save_binary_logs --command=test --start_pos=4 --binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql --output_file=/tmp/save_binary_logs_test --manager_version=0.56 --start_file=master-bin.000002
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Connecting to root@server01(server01)..
Creating /tmp if not exists.. ok.
Checking output directory is accessible or not..
ok.
Binlog found at /var/lib/mysql, up to master-bin.000002
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Master setting check done.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Checking SSH publickey authentication and checking recovery script configurations on all alive slave servers..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Executing command : apply_diff_relay_logs --command=test --slave_user='root' --slave_host=server02 --slave_ip=192.168.200.112 --slave_port=3306 --workdir=/tmp --target_version=5.5.64-MariaDB --manager_version=0.56 --relay_log_info=/var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info --relay_dir=/var/lib/mysql/ --slave_pass=xxx
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Connecting to root@192.168.200.112(server02:22)..
Checking slave recovery environment settings..
Opening /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info ... ok.
Relay log found at /var/lib/mysql, up to mariadb-relay-bin.000003
Temporary relay log file is /var/lib/mysql/mariadb-relay-bin.000003
Testing mysql connection and privileges.. done.
Testing mysqlbinlog output.. done.
Cleaning up test file(s).. done.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Executing command : apply_diff_relay_logs --command=test --slave_user='root' --slave_host=server03 --slave_ip=192.168.200.113 --slave_port=3306 --workdir=/tmp --target_version=5.5.64-MariaDB --manager_version=0.56 --relay_log_info=/var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info --relay_dir=/var/lib/mysql/ --slave_pass=xxx
Wed Oct 23 02:59:44 2019 - [info] Connecting to root@192.168.200.113(server03:22)..
Checking slave recovery environment settings..
Opening /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info ... ok.
Relay log found at /var/lib/mysql, up to slave-relay-bin.000002
Temporary relay log file is /var/lib/mysql/slave-relay-bin.000002
Testing mysql connection and privileges.. done.
Testing mysqlbinlog output.. done.
Cleaning up test file(s).. done.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Executing command : apply_diff_relay_logs --command=test --slave_user='root' --slave_host=server04 --slave_ip=192.168.200.114 --slave_port=3306 --workdir=/tmp --target_version=5.5.64-MariaDB --manager_version=0.56 --relay_log_info=/var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info --relay_dir=/var/lib/mysql/ --slave_pass=xxx
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Connecting to root@192.168.200.114(server04:22)..
Checking slave recovery environment settings..
Opening /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info ... ok.
Relay log found at /var/lib/mysql, up to slave-relay-bin.000002
Temporary relay log file is /var/lib/mysql/slave-relay-bin.000002
Testing mysql connection and privileges.. done.
Testing mysqlbinlog output.. done.
Cleaning up test file(s).. done.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Slaves settings check done.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info]
server01 (current master)
+--server02
+--server03
+--server04
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Checking replication health on server02..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] ok.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Checking replication health on server03..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] ok.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Checking replication health on server04..
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] ok.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] Checking master_ip_failover_script status:
Wed Oct 23 02:59:45 2019 - [info] /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover --command=status --ssh_user=root --orig_master_host=server01 --orig_master_ip=192.168.200.111 --orig_master_port=3306
IN SCRIPT TEST====/sbin/ifconfig ens32:1 down==/sbin/ifconfig ens32:1 192.168.200.100===
Checking the Status of the script.. OK
Wed Oct 23 02:59:46 2019 - [info] OK.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:46 2019 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined.
Wed Oct 23 02:59:46 2019 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead).
MySQL Replication Health is OK.
[root@server05 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
Wed Oct 23 03:00:14 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:14 2019 - [info] Reading application default configurations from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:14 2019 - [info] Reading server configurations from /etc/masterha/app1.cnf..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:14 2019 - [info] Starting SSH connection tests..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug]
Wed Oct 23 03:00:14 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server01(192.168.200.111:22) to root@server02(192.168.200.112:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server01(192.168.200.111:22) to root@server03(192.168.200.113:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server01(192.168.200.111:22) to root@server04(192.168.200.114:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug]
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server02(192.168.200.112:22) to root@server01(192.168.200.111:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server02(192.168.200.112:22) to root@server03(192.168.200.113:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server02(192.168.200.112:22) to root@server04(192.168.200.114:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:18 2019 - [debug]
Wed Oct 23 03:00:15 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server03(192.168.200.113:22) to root@server01(192.168.200.111:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server03(192.168.200.113:22) to root@server02(192.168.200.112:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server03(192.168.200.113:22) to root@server04(192.168.200.114:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:18 2019 - [debug]
Wed Oct 23 03:00:16 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server04(192.168.200.114:22) to root@server01(192.168.200.111:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server04(192.168.200.114:22) to root@server02(192.168.200.112:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:17 2019 - [debug] Connecting via SSH from root@server04(192.168.200.114:22) to root@server03(192.168.200.113:22)..
Wed Oct 23 03:00:18 2019 - [debug] ok.
Wed Oct 23 03:00:18 2019 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.
VIP 配置管理
Master vip 配置有两种方式,一种是通过 keepalived 或者 heartbeat 类似的软件的方式管 理 VIP 的浮动,另一种为通过命令方式管理。
[root@server05 ~]# grep -n 'master_ip_failover_script' /etc/masterha/app1.cnf 9:master_ip_failover_script= /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover Primary Master(192.168.200.111) [root@server01 ~]# ip a | grep ens32 2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 inet 192.168.200.111/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global ens32 inet 192.168.200.100/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global secondary ens32:1 Server05(192.168.200.115)修改故障转移脚本 [root@server05 ~]# head -13 /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #!/usr/bin/env perl use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port, ); my $vip = '192.168.200.100'; # 写入 VIP my $key = "1"; #非 keepalived 方式切换脚本使用的 my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key $vip"; #若是使用 keepalived my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens32:$key down"; #那么这里写服务的开关命令
Server05(192.168.200.115) 检查 manager 状态
masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf app1 is stopped(2:NOT_RUNNING).
Server05(192.168.200.115) 开启 manager 监控
[root@server05 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dea d_master_conf --ignore_last_failover< /dev/null >/var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1 & [1] 65837
Server05(192.168.200.115)查看 Server05 监控是否正常：
[root@monitor ~]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:65837) is running(0:PING_OK), master:server01
Server05(192.168.200.115)查看启动日志
[root@server05 ~]# cat /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log
关闭 MHA manager 监控，忽略操作
masterha_stop --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf
Primary Master(192.168.200.111) 模拟主库故障
[root@server01 ~]# systemctl stop mariadb [root@server01 ~]# netstat -lnpt | grep :3306 [root@server01 ~]# ip a | grep ens32 2
slave1(192.168.200.113)状态： MariaDB [(none)]> show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.200.112 Master_User: repl slave2(192.168.200.114)状态： MariaDB [(none)]> show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.200.112 Master_User: repl
Server05(192.168.200.115) 监控已经自动关闭：
[root@server05 ~]#
[1]+ 完成 nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/masterha/app1/manager.log 2>&1
Server05(192.168.200.115) 查看监控配置文件已经发生了变化（server01 的配置已被删除）
故障主库修复及 VIP 切回测试
Primary Master(192.168.200.111)：
[root@server01 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@server01 ~]# netstat -lnpt | grep :3306
Primary Master(192.168.200.111) 指向新的主库
[root@server01 ~]# mysql -u root -p123456 stop slave; CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.200.112', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456'; start slave; show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.200.112 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1372 Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 1208 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Server05(192.168.200.115) 修改监控配置文件添加 server1 配置
[root@server05 ~]# vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf [server01] hostname=server01 port=3306
检查群集查看