POJ3621 Sightseeing Cows 最优比率环 二分法

题目链接：http://poj.org/problem?id=3621

Sightseeing Cows

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 10552		Accepted: 3613

Description

Farmer John has decided to reward his cows for their hard work by taking them on a tour of the big city! The cows must decide how best to spend their free time.

Fortunately, they have a detailed city map showing the L (2 ≤ L ≤ 1000) major landmarks (conveniently numbered 1.. L) and the P (2 ≤ P ≤ 5000) unidirectional cow paths that join them. Farmer John will drive the cows to a starting landmark of their choice, from which they will walk along the cow paths to a series of other landmarks, ending back at their starting landmark where Farmer John will pick them up and take them back to the farm. Because space in the city is at a premium, the cow paths are very narrow and so travel along each cow path is only allowed in one fixed direction.

While the cows may spend as much time as they like in the city, they do tend to get bored easily. Visiting each new landmark is fun, but walking between them takes time. The cows know the exact fun values F_i (1 ≤ F_i ≤ 1000) for each landmark i.

The cows also know about the cowpaths. Cowpath i connects landmark L_1i to L_2i (in the direction L_1i -> L_2i ) and requires time T_i (1 ≤ T_i ≤ 1000) to traverse.

In order to have the best possible day off, the cows want to maximize the average fun value per unit time of their trip. Of course, the landmarks are only fun the first time they are visited; the cows may pass through the landmark more than once, but they do not perceive its fun value again. Furthermore, Farmer John is making the cows visit at least two landmarks, so that they get some exercise during their day off.

Help the cows find the maximum fun value per unit time that they can achieve.

Input

* Line 1: Two space-separated integers: L and P
* Lines 2..L+1: Line i+1 contains a single one integer: F_i
* Lines L+2..L+P+1: Line L+i+1 describes cow path i with three space-separated integers: L_1i , L_2i , and T_i

Output

* Line 1: A single number given to two decimal places (do not perform explicit rounding), the maximum possible average fun per unit time, or 0 if the cows cannot plan any trip at all in accordance with the above rules.

Sample Input

5 7
30
10
10
5
10
1 2 3
2 3 2
3 4 5
3 5 2
4 5 5
5 1 3
5 2 2

Sample Output

6.00

Source

USACO 2007 December Gold

 

 

 

题解：

http://www.cnblogs.com/DOLFAMINGO/p/7563213.html

 

 

代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#define ms(a,b) memset((a),(b),sizeof((a)))
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
const double EPS = 1e-8;
const int INF = 2e9;
const LL LNF = 2e18;
const int MAXN = 5e3+10;

int n, m, val[MAXN];
struct edge
{
    int to, w, next;
}edge[MAXN];
int cnt, head[MAXN];

void add(int u, int v, int w)
{
    edge[cnt].to = v;
    edge[cnt].w = w;
    edge[cnt].next = head[u];
    head[u] = cnt++;
}

double dis[MAXN];
int times[MAXN], inq[MAXN], vis[MAXN];
bool spfa(double L)
{
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
    memset(inq, 0, sizeof(inq));
    memset(times, 0, sizeof(times));
    for(int i = 1; i<=n; i++)
        dis[i] = INF;

    queue<int>Q;
    Q.push(1);
    inq[1] = 1;
    vis[1] = 1;
    dis[1] = 0;
    while(!Q.empty())
    {
        int u = Q.front();
        Q.pop(); inq[u] = 0;
        for(int i = head[u]; i!=-1; i = edge[i].next)
        {
            int v = edge[i].to;
            // 距离全部取反， 看是否存在正环
            if(dis[v]> dis[u]-(val[u]-edge[i].w*L) )
            {
                dis[v] = dis[u]-(val[u]-edge[i].w*L);
                if(!inq[v])
                {
                    Q.push(v);
                    inq[v] = 1;
                    vis[v] = 1;
                    if(++times[v]>n) return true;   //检测到了负环，但因为数值全部取反了，所以实际上为检测到了正环
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void init()
{
    cnt = 0;
    memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));
}

int main()
{
    while(scanf("%d%d", &n, &m)!=EOF)
    {
        for(int i = 1; i<=n; i++)
            scanf("%d", &val[i]);

        init();
        for(int i = 1; i<=m; i++)
        {
            int u, v, w;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&u, &v, &w);
            add(u,v,w);
        }

        double l = 0, r = 1e3;
        while(l+EPS<=r)
        {
            double mid = (l+r)/2;
            if(spfa(mid))   //存在正环，继续增大比率
                l = mid + EPS;
            else
                r = mid - EPS;
        }
        printf("%.2f
", r);
    }
}