一、前言
在我们做接口自动化的时候,比如,一个登陆接口,通常会对用户名和密码这两个参数做不同的参数组合输入,来验证。但是我们不想写多个测试方法,那会显得重复儿不够优雅,那有没有解决方案呢,当然是有的,使用pytest的参数化就可以很好的解决。
二、本质:
测试步骤一致,测试数据不同
三、定义
pytest的参数化是对列表中的对象循环,然后一一的赋值,对象主要有三种,分别是列表、元组和字典,此外,还有一种自定义id形式
四、列表形式参数化
import pytest ''' 是对列表中的对象循环,然后一一的赋值 对象: 列表 元组 字典 ''' def add(a,b): return a + b #列表 @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,expect',[ [1,1,2], [2,2,4], [3,3,6], [4,4,8] ]) def test_add(a,b,expect): assert add(a,b) == expect if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-s","-v","test_parametrize.py"])
输出结果:
Testing started at 15:27 ... D:pycharmlearnvenvScriptspython.exe "D:pycharmPyCharm Community Edition 2019.3.3pluginspython-cehelperspycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" --target test_five.py::test_add Launching pytest with arguments test_five.py::test_add in D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 ============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.7.1, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- D:learnpythonpython3.7.1python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 collecting ... collected 4 items test_five.py::test_add[1-1-2] PASSED [ 25%] test_five.py::test_add[2-2-4] PASSED [ 50%] test_five.py::test_add[3-3-6] PASSED [ 75%] test_five.py::test_add[4-4-8] PASSED [100%] ============================== 4 passed in 0.02s ============================== Process finished with exit code 0
五、元组形式参数化
import pytest ''' 是对列表中的对象循环,然后一一的赋值 对象: 列表 元组 字典 ''' def add(a,b): return a + b #元组 @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,expect',[ (1,1,2), (2,2,4), (3,3,6), (4,4,8) ]) def test_add(a,b,expect): assert add(a,b) == expect if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-s","-v","test_parametrize.py"])
输出结果:
Testing started at 15:26 ... D:pycharmlearnvenvScriptspython.exe "D:pycharmPyCharm Community Edition 2019.3.3pluginspython-cehelperspycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" --path D:/pycharm/learn/Durant/pytest_learn/test_001/test_five.py Launching pytest with arguments D:/pycharm/learn/Durant/pytest_learn/test_001/test_five.py in D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 ============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.7.1, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- D:learnpythonpython3.7.1python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 collecting ... collected 4 items test_five.py::test_add[1-1-2] PASSED [ 25%] test_five.py::test_add[2-2-4] PASSED [ 50%] test_five.py::test_add[3-3-6] PASSED [ 75%] test_five.py::test_add[4-4-8] PASSED [100%] ============================== 4 passed in 0.03s ============================== Process finished with exit code 0
六、字典形式参数化
import pytest ''' 是对列表中的对象循环,然后一一的赋值 对象: 列表 元组 字典 ''' def add(a,b): return a + b #字典 @pytest.mark.parametrize('data',[ {'a':1,'b':1,'expect':2}, {'a':4,'b':4,'expect':8} ]) def test_add(data): assert add(data['a'],data['b']) == data['expect'] if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-s","-v","test_parametrize.py"])
输出结果:
Testing started at 15:24 ... D:pycharmlearnvenvScriptspython.exe "D:pycharmPyCharm Community Edition 2019.3.3pluginspython-cehelperspycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" --path D:/pycharm/learn/Durant/pytest_learn/test_001/test_five.py Launching pytest with arguments D:/pycharm/learn/Durant/pytest_learn/test_001/test_five.py in D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 ============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.7.1, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- D:learnpythonpython3.7.1python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 collecting ... collected 2 items test_five.py::test_add[data0] PASSED [ 50%] test_five.py::test_add[data1] PASSED [100%] ============================== 2 passed in 0.02s ============================== Process finished with exit code 0
七、自定义id参数化
import pytest ''' 是对列表中的对象循环,然后一一的赋值 对象: 列表 元组 字典 ''' def add(a,b): return a + b @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b,expect',[ pytest.param(1, 1, 2, id='one'), pytest.param(2, 2, 4, id='two'), pytest.param(3, 3, 6, id='three'), pytest.param(4, 4, 8, id='four') ]) def test_add(a,b,expect): assert add(a,b) == expect if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-s","-v","test_parametrize.py"])
输出结果:
Testing started at 15:21 ... D:pycharmlearnvenvScriptspython.exe "D:pycharmPyCharm Community Edition 2019.3.3pluginspython-cehelperspycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" --target test_five.py::test_add Launching pytest with arguments test_five.py::test_add in D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 ============================= test session starts ============================= platform win32 -- Python 3.7.1, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1 -- D:learnpythonpython3.7.1python.exe cachedir: .pytest_cache rootdir: D:pycharmlearnDurantpytest_learn est_001 collecting ... collected 4 items test_five.py::test_add[one] PASSED [ 25%] test_five.py::test_add[two] PASSED [ 50%] test_five.py::test_add[three] PASSED [ 75%] test_five.py::test_add[four] PASSED [100%] ============================== 4 passed in 0.02s ============================== Process finished with exit code 0