系统:Ubuntu 14.04
蓝牙:绿联USB2.0蓝牙适配器(型号:CM109;芯片:CSR8510)
一、蓝牙识别:
1、插入硬件,打开终端,查看是否检测到设备:
$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)
2、查看是否识别为蓝牙模块:
$ hciconfig -a hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB ...
3、查看蓝牙模块的地址;如果不显示蓝牙模块及其地址,则需要通过rfkill list命令查看hci0是否blocked,使用rfkill unblock 0(rfkill list显示的hci0的序号)即可启用蓝牙模块(hci0)。
$ hcitool dev Devices: hci0 00:1A:7D:DA:71:11
4、激活蓝牙模块:
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 up
激活蓝牙模块之后,即可通过手机蓝牙正常连接。如果手机搜索不到该蓝牙模块,可能因为Ubuntu下蓝牙模块默认为不可见,需要在Ubuntu上方工具栏中点击蓝牙图标,设置Visible ON即可(暂时没有找到Ubuntu下设置蓝牙可见性的终端命令)。
5、此次测试设置蓝牙模块为服务端且不需要配对码:
$ hciconfig hci0 noauth
6、hciconfig和hcitool(BlueZ提供的工具,BlueZ是多数Linux发行版的默认蓝牙协议栈)可以实现搜索、连接等功能,此处主要希望通过编程控制蓝牙模块,故对此暂时不做深究。
二、PyBluez安装:
1、下载并解压PyBluez-0.22,进入PyBluez-0.22目录;(https://github.com/karulis/pybluez)
2、安装PyBluez-0.22:
$ sudo python setup.py install
出现问题:
In file included from bluez/btmodule.c:20:0: bluez/btmode.h:5:33: fatal error: bluetooth/bluetooth.h: No such file or directory #include <bluetooth/bluetooth.h>
解决问题:安装libbluetooth-dev:
$ sudo apt-get install libbluetooth-dev
三、PyBluez测试(参考PyBluez自带example实现):
1、查询设备列表:
import bluetooth nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True)for addr, name in nearby_devices: print(" %s - %s" % (addr, name))
2、查询设备服务:
import bluetooth nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True)for addr, name in nearby_devices: print(" %s - %s" % (addr, name)) services = bluetooth.find_service(address=addr) for svc in services: print("Service Name: %s" % svc["name"]) print(" Host: %s" % svc["host"]) print(" Description: %s" % svc["description"]) print(" Provided By: %s" % svc["provider"]) print(" Protocol: %s" % svc["protocol"]) print(" channel/PSM: %s" % svc["port"]) print(" svc classes: %s "% svc["service-classes"]) print(" profiles: %s "% svc["profiles"]) print(" service id: %s "% svc["service-id"]) print("")
3、RFCOMM:
蓝牙串口服务端:
import bluetooth if __name__ == "__main__": print("looking for nearby devices...") nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True) for addr, name in nearby_devices: print("%s %s" % (addr, name)) server_sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.RFCOMM) server_sock.bind(("", bluetooth.PORT_ANY)) server_sock.listen(1) port = server_sock.getsockname()[1] uuid = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb" bluetooth.advertise_service(server_sock, "SampleServer", service_id=uuid) print("Waiting for connection on RFCOMM channel %d" % port) client_sock, client_info = server_sock.accept() print(client_info) try: while True: data = client_sock.recv(1024) if len(data) == 0: break print("received [%s]" % data) except IOError: pass client_sock.close() server_sock.close() print("this test is done!")
出现问题:Segmentation Fault(参考rfcomm-server.py给定advertise_service方法6个参数时)
解决问题:首先了解错误原因——内存访问越界,说明PyBluez封装BlueZ存在着一些bug;然后定位错误出现位置:advertise_service;在此之后查看PyBluez源码——bluetooth文件夹下的bluez.py文件中advertise_service的实现,发现该方法最少只需要前三个参数即可,去除多余参数后,运行成功。
总结问题:这种多余参数出现bug的情况非常典型,在程序实现的初期,通常是针对必要参数进行处理而忽视了多余的/扩展的/辅助的参数,而在一般测试过程中通常也很少能够检测到这种参数问题,因此,实际应用时,减少多余参数是绕过bug的一种很实用的方法。
最后,通过手机蓝牙串口App连接蓝牙串口服务端,成功实现信息传递。(^_^)