HDU 1686：Oulipo（KMP模板，子串出现次数）

                                            Oulipo

Time Limit: 3000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 22465    Accepted Submission(s): 8674

Problem Description

The French author Georges Perec (1936–1982) once wrote a book, La disparition, without the letter 'e'. He was a member of the Oulipo group. A quote from the book:

Tout avait Pair normal, mais tout s’affirmait faux. Tout avait Fair normal, d’abord, puis surgissait l’inhumain, l’affolant. Il aurait voulu savoir où s’articulait l’association qui l’unissait au roman : stir son tapis, assaillant à tout instant son imagination, l’intuition d’un tabou, la vision d’un mal obscur, d’un quoi vacant, d’un non-dit : la vision, l’avision d’un oubli commandant tout, où s’abolissait la raison : tout avait l’air normal mais…

Perec would probably have scored high (or rather, low) in the following contest. People are asked to write a perhaps even meaningful text on some subject with as few occurrences of a given “word” as possible. Our task is to provide the jury with a program that counts these occurrences, in order to obtain a ranking of the competitors. These competitors often write very long texts with nonsense meaning; a sequence of 500,000 consecutive 'T's is not unusual. And they never use spaces.

So we want to quickly find out how often a word, i.e., a given string, occurs in a text. More formally: given the alphabet {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'} and two finite strings over that alphabet, a word W and a text T, count the number of occurrences of W in T. All the consecutive characters of W must exactly match consecutive characters of T. Occurrences may overlap.

Input

The first line of the input file contains a single number: the number of test cases to follow. Each test case has the following format:

One line with the word W, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with 1 ≤ |W| ≤ 10,000 (here |W| denotes the length of the string W).
One line with the text T, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with |W| ≤ |T| ≤ 1,000,000.

Output

For every test case in the input file, the output should contain a single number, on a single line: the number of occurrences of the word W in the text T.

Sample Input

3
BAPC
BAPC
AZA
AZAZAZA
VERDI
AVERDXIVYERDIAN

Sample Output

1
3
0

题意

给出子串和母串，计算子串在母串中出现的次数

AC代码

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define ms(a) memset(a,0,sizeof(a))
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1e6+10;
char T[maxn],S[maxn];
int Next[maxn];
int slen,tlen;
// 字符串是从0开始的
// Next数组是从1开始的
void getNext()
{
    int j, k;
    j = 0; k = -1; Next[0] = -1;
    while(j < tlen)
        if(k == -1 || T[j] == T[k])
            Next[++j] = ++k;
        else
            k = Next[k];
 
}
/*
返回模式串在主串S中出现的次数
*/
int KMP_Count()
{
    int ans = 0;
    int i, j = 0;
    if(slen == 1 && tlen == 1)
    {
        if(S[0] == T[0])
            return 1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
    getNext();
    for(i = 0; i < slen; i++)
    {
        while(j > 0 && S[i] != T[j])
            j = Next[j];
        if(S[i] == T[j])
            j++;
        if(j == tlen)
        {
            ans++;
            j = Next[j];
        }
    }
    return ans;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	int t;
	scanf("%d",&t);
	getchar();
	while(t--)
	{
		ms(S);
		ms(T);
		ms(Next);
		gets(T);
		gets(S);
		slen=strlen(S);
		tlen=strlen(T);
		printf("%d
",KMP_Count());
	}
	return 0;
}

这个题用字符串哈希也能写，速度也是差不多的